Caoejiang Bridge in Hangshao Section of Hangshao-Ningbo Expressway

　　Economic development, traffic first. If the "Tale of Two Cities" between Hangzhou and Ningbo is a combination of two swords with complementary advantages and strong alliance, then traffic construction is an indispensable prerequisite for the two cities to realize the connection of mind, blood and strength.

　　Seen from a larger perspective, A Tale of Two Cities in Hangzhou and Ningbo not only complements each other’s advantages, but also magnifies each other’s advantages. One of the unique advantages of Hangzhou, which has been selected as one of the national key cities to build an international comprehensive transportation hub, is that it echoes with Ningbo, which is an international gateway comprehensive transportation hub. Ningbo was born in the sea and prospered because of Hong Kong, and Zhoushan Port’s cargo throughput ranked first in the world for 15 consecutive years. Whether it is to build an international transportation hub or to achieve the goal of a modern international metropolis, Hangzhou cannot do without the full support of Ningbo’s maritime advantages.

　　Then the significance of Hangzhou-Shaoxing-Ningbo Expressway and Hangzhou-Ningbo double track is not only the decomposition of traffic pressure and even the interconnection between the two cities, but also that they are the "sea passage" for Hangzhou to go global.

　　Commuting to work has been shortened from one and a half hours to 45 minutes, and the business of delivering goods only twice a day has been increased to three times. There is no need to sleep in a dangerous goods car for the card point at high speed … The Hangzhou-Shaoxing section project of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway and the first phase project of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway, which were opened simultaneously on January 19 this year, have not only continuously narrowed the distance between Hangzhou and Ningbo, but also connected the public opinion and urban resources of the two places. After more than three months of operation, the spillover effect brought by infrastructure interconnection is also accelerating.

　　The traffic hardcore strength of a high-speed "artery" is gradually released in the great article of singing "A Tale of Two Cities" in Hangzhou and Ningbo and doing a good job of dislocation and coordinated development!

　　The "burden reduction" effect of the diversion of the new expressway in Shuangcheng is becoming more and more obvious.

　　Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway, which was completed and opened to traffic in 1996, has been one of the busiest expressways in Zhejiang Province. The opening of Hangzhou-Shaoxing section of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway and the first phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway double-track provide a new choice for the communication between Hangzhou and Ningbo. After more than three months of operation, the diversion effect of the new expressway is becoming increasingly apparent.

　　Hangzhou-Shaoxing-Ningbo Expressway starts from Nanyang Street, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, passes through Hangzhou Xiaoshan District, Qiantang District, Shaoxing Keqiao District, Binhai New Area and Shangyu District eastward, and finally reaches the junction of Shangyu and Yuyao, with a length of 52.8 kilometers. There are 6 high-speed toll stations along the line. The reporter came to the saddle toll station of Hangzhou-Shaoyong Expressway yesterday. As can be seen from the background data, the total traffic of the saddle station was 35,000 vehicles in January, and it has reached 120,000 vehicles in April, which has doubled. "The total flow of saddle station is not the highest on the whole line, but the effect of diversion is also fully shown in the data." Zheng Pingwei, deputy director of Shaoxing Toll Center of Zhejiang Communications Group, said that in the first few days, more than 300 vehicles entered and exited a day, and now there are about 3,600 vehicles a day, which has increased tenfold. During this "May Day" period, the total traffic in five days was 32,705 vehicles, with an average daily traffic of 6,541 vehicles. According to the data from Zhejiang Communications Group, since the opening of this expressway on January 19 this year, the total import and export traffic has exceeded 1.6 million vehicles as of May 1.

　　Maan toll gate

　　According to the data of Ningbo Management Center of Zhejiang Communications Group Expressway, the first phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway, which was opened to traffic simultaneously with Hangzhou-Shaoxing section of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway, has been in operation for more than three months, and the total import and export flow has exceeded 2.88 million vehicles. This expressway is divided into east and west sections, which are connected by Shenhai Expressway, from Xiaocao ‘e in Yuyao to Zhaobaoshan in Zhenhai. As an important landmark project to sing a tale of two cities in Hangzhou and Ningbo, the first phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo double-track expressway is connected with Hangzhou Bay Cross-sea Bridge and Jintang Bridge in Zhoushan Continental Link Island Project, and its opening to traffic has obviously eased the pressure on the original traffic outlets.

　　How happy is it to get on the highway at home?

　　Zhu Minchun, who lives in Xiaoshan, is an employee of Hengyi Logistics, a company near Ma ‘an Toll Station. Before Ma ‘an Station was opened to traffic, his daily commute time was one and a half hours, because he needed to bypass Ke Qiao Toll Station to get in and out of the expressway, and this detour was 40 minutes. Today, it only takes him 45 minutes to get from home to work, and the happiness of commuting has increased exponentially.

　　Chen Yewei, a toll collector at Ma ‘an Station, told Ji that there are many people who commute across the city like Zhu Minchun in Ma ‘an. There are a large number of textile and printing and dyeing enterprises here, and the number of employees is quite large. According to the background data of the toll station, about 350 cars come and go regularly in the morning and evening commuting time every day.

　　"Running high-speed delivery now can save me at least one-third of the time!" Chen Bo, a truck driver of a machinery technology company in Ningbo, said.

　　Since the first phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo double-track expressway was officially opened to traffic, Chen Bo has made more than 220 round trips at Longshan and Cixi toll stations. Compared with the complicated transportation scheme of bypassing Lingfeng Road and Zhongheng Line before, now it takes only 30 minutes for Chen Bo to reach the delivery point. I used to run back and forth at most 2 times a day, but now I can run back and forth at least 3 times a day.

　　The reporter learned that after the first phase of the Ningbo section of the Hangzhou-Ningbo double-track expressway was opened to traffic, many towns and villages along Zhenhai, Cixi and Yuyao were connected to the expressway network for the first time: residents in Longshan Town, Laipu Town, xinpu town Town and Andong Town all got on the expressway at their doorstep.

　　Revolutionary logistics improves efficiency and reduces costs for enterprises.

　　All the way to prosperity, but the first thing I feel is the logistics industry.

　　Hangzhou section of Hangzhou-Shaoxing-Ningbo Expressway is a viaduct erected on the Red 15 th Line, with Xiaoshan District and Qiantang District as the most densely populated logistics areas on both sides of the road. There are many chemical fiber enterprises and logistics companies along Shaoxing section. This high-speed opening to traffic has enabled logistics enterprises along the line to realize the vision of "high speed at the door of the company".

　　Shaoxing Toll Center has arranged logistics enterprises around it. For example, Binhai Lane Logistics Base has 12 logistics companies, including Fubon Freight, Guangjie Logistics and Hechang Logistics, with a daily throughput of about 5300 tons. There are more than 30 logistics enterprises in Jiya Logistics Base Park. The daily shipment is about 100 tons. These logistics enterprises used to take the Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway, and the inevitable congestion has always been the most troublesome thing for drivers. "In the future, not only will there be one more high-speed choice, but more importantly, the efficiency will be improved and the cost will be reduced. Drivers also highly praised the driving experience of the new high speed. " The investigator said.

　　Revolutionary logistics has also achieved efficiency improvement and cost reduction for enterprises. For example, many enterprises on both sides of the Cao ‘e River have related businesses. In the past, they could only reach each other by bypassing the two ends of the river, which took about 40 minutes. After the opening of Ma ‘an Station, from Ma ‘an Station to Shaoxing North Station, it was directly reduced from the original 40 minutes to 5 minutes. Greatly reduced the cost of time and money.

　　It is worth mentioning that for the logistics of some special goods, the significance of convenient transportation lies not only in the time cost, but also in the safety factor. The distribution point of hazardous chemicals transport vehicles in Ma ‘an is located at the crossing of Xingbin Road. As the parking point of hazardous chemicals vehicles in Ma ‘an Industrial Zone, it is only 1.2 kilometers away from Ma ‘an toll station. However, before Ma ‘an Station was opened to traffic, it took the driver master 40 minutes to bypass the Ke Qiao toll station on the expressway.

　　By the end of 2024, the new expressway is expected to go directly from Hangzhou to Ningbo.

　　Enlarging the map on the navigation software, we can see that there is still a section of the route between the Hangzhou-Shaoyong section of the Hangzhou-Shaoyong Expressway and the first phase of the Ningbo section of the Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway, which means that it has not been opened yet. At present, taking this new expressway from Hangzhou cannot go straight to Ningbo.

　　The reporter learned that this "gray" section is the second phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway double-track under construction, starting from the junction of Shangyu in Yuyao in the west and Simen Town in Yuyao in the east, and connecting with Xiaocao ‘e in Ciyu Expressway. At present, the civil engineering unit of the second phase of the Ningbo section of the Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway double-track works in three shifts, and pays close attention to the finishing work; The bid winner of the pavement has entered the site and actively carried out the preliminary technical preparations.

　　Construction site of the second phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo double-track expressway

　　"More than 70% of the overall project has been completed, and it is expected that the pavement construction of the experimental section will be started in June. The second phase of the main line will strive to be completed by the end of 2024. " Dai Jian, director of the second phase supervision office of Hangzhou-Ningbo double-track line, said. After the second phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo double-track expressway is opened to traffic, the Hangzhou-Shaoyong section of Hangzhou-Shaoyong expressway and the first phase of Ningbo section of Hangzhou-Ningbo double-track expressway will be connected in series, and the whole expressway will basically take shape.

　　After the project is opened to traffic, the traffic pressure on Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway will be effectively alleviated, the time from Hangzhou to Ningbo will be greatly shortened, and the one-hour traffic circle will really take shape. The communication between the two places will be greatly increased, and the resource sharing and economic complementarity will also be accelerated, which is of great significance for promoting the development of Hangzhou Bay urban agglomeration and industrial belt, and accelerating the construction of Zhejiang Marine Economic Development Demonstration Zone and Greater Bay Area.

　　In the future, after the new expressway is fully completed, it will also connect Xiaoshan International Airport and Zhoushan Port in Ningbo. With the blessing of the integration and complementary development of the two gateway hubs of "airport and seaport" in Zhejiang, the south bank of Hangzhou Bay will take off again and the "runway" has been paved.

　　Binhai Interchange in Ningbo Section of Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway Double Track Phase I

Author | Lin Mo, WeChat WeChat official account: Hua ‘er Street Reference (ID: ZARA Ghost) The title map comes from:Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall Pool

one

Hepburn appeared in front of the wishing pool (Trevi Fountain) and said, "My wish is to sit in the street cafe, look at the window and walk in the rain." She reached out and threw the ice cream cone into the trash can without coins.

Hua la la la la, nine colorful parabolas scattered from an old hand, eight of which failed to fulfill the master’s wish to pray for peace and fell to the ground very unwillingly. However, the remaining dime was very disappointing and rushed into the engine of the ash machine without hesitation.

You all know the later story. The gray plane was delayed, and everyone turned on the engine to find money together. The policeman looked at the 80-year-old woman sitting in the first class and said that the punishment would not be implemented.

Apart from Weibo, the French media are the most excited about this. I was so excited that AFP personally came out and sent a news report that a superstitious China passenger threw a coin at the plane engine for good luck, palapala.

Why is the French media so excited? Because the legend of the wishing pool is in other people’s area.

In Roman Holiday, Hepburn ate a cone with a new hairstyle. The fountain with many sculptures in the background is Trevi Fountain (Fontana di Trevi）。

There is a legend that this fountain can make wishes. It has a special sense of ceremony. You should turn your back to the wishing pool and throw a golden coin in your right hand from the direction of your left shoulder. If you can throw it into the wishing pool, you can make three wishes.

In view of the fact that the wishing pool often presents such a grand occasion, it is not easy.

There are many clever people in China, and the basin friends in the tourism industry soon figured out that a row of sculptures standing behind your pool can make a wish, but ours can’t?

In the famous mountains and rivers of my motherland, I often hear tour guides telling three kinds of stories with loudspeakers:

No1. "Do you think those two stones are like a pair of men and women who love each other? According to legend, they are …" Anyway, they are either love fighters who break through the norms of heaven or young men and women who bravely fight against dragons.

No2. Look at this turtle at the door. There is a children’s song circulating in the local people. Touch the turtle’s head and never worry. Touch the turtle’s back, it’s rich and expensive; Touching the turtle’s tail is always healthy. Everybody reach out your left hand quickly, pay attention to touch it with your left hand, and bring happiness and peace home.

No3. Did you see the faucet in the pool? According to legend, if you can throw a coin on its head, you can realize three wishes. If the coin falls into the water, it can also keep everyone safe and happy.

What a safe and happy life with good quality and low price!

Later, there was no need to be guided by a tour guide. When there was water, the people of China threw coins into it.

Later, I didn’t care much about the form of water. When I met a round thing at a tourist attraction, I threw a coin into it.

I once saw a spittoon in the former residence of a celebrity, which was filled with coins inside and around.

Later, even the obsession with circles was not demanding.

The Bao cemetery in Anhui is full of money, and the Taiping jar, the incense burner and coffin on the altar in front of the tombstone are all coins.

Mawangdui’s grave, where female corpses have been unearthed for more than 2,000 years, was thrown like a large piggy bank by you.

2

Some children’s shoes wearing safety vests got into the engine. They were looking for money, looking for that dime.

It is said that the cost of this activity is around 1 million. If they can’t find it, they have to find someone more professional, and the cost can reach 12 million.

Fortunately, they found it. They held a dime and got out of the engine excitedly.

"This is the wishing pool, flowing water, with the tap facing down, where you can gather wealth", said a mysterious tour guide by the Chengrui Pavilion in the Forbidden City.

As a result, you know, Hua, Hua, Hua, La, La, La, this mysterious flowing water.

As soon as this wave of coin-operated tourists left, a man with a more mysterious look appeared. He shook his head heavily. "Coins are too dirty and dirty, which will poison the fish." He pulled out a powerful magnet from his schoolbag and sent it underwater with a rope.

Clap, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter, clatter. The man excitedly scooped coins into his schoolbag and went fishing for the second time.

Those tourists who have planted peace and happiness don’t know that this pool next to Chengrui Pavilion is used to raise fish, and it is "living" tap water, not "running water".

People who are watching the environmental guards fishing for coins don’t know that he will take the heavy coins in his schoolbag and share the money with the tour guide who just said, "The faucet is down and you can gather money."

In fact, the tour guide was right. It is indeed possible to gather money here.

three

As a Chinese alligator in Shanghai Zoo, what is its main job? Get in the sun in the pool and be a mascot quietly?

You’re wrong. They have to hide from hidden weapons.

The feeling of being forced by money is so bad.

Even if the crocodile really has magical power, do you think it can bless you with peace, happiness and wealth?

Three months ago, a big turtle lived in Changsha Martyrs Park and died a martyr.

There is a sea world in the Martyrs Park, where more than 200 kinds of marine life are raised. In the pool at the door, there are three turtles and one tortoise.

Three turtles, a tortoise shell, a pond, you know the reaction of the masses, Hua, Hua, wow, la, la.

One day, the biggest turtle suddenly stopped eating and exercising.

A few days later, it left. Every breath it took before leaving was particularly difficult.

The vet dissected its body and found a one-dollar coin from its throat. Veterinarians said that it was this coin that got stuck in the turtle’s throat, causing it to suffocate and die.

Turtles are the longevity stars in the ocean, and the longest-lived turtles can live to be over 150 years old. This big turtle who swallowed coins without knowing the situation is only 20 years old.

As a child, he met some people who were no longer children.

I don’t know if the 80-year-old man who threw coins into the plane engine used WeChat. If so, would she forward this post to five people every day, and you will have good luck all your life? She probably won’t mind disturbing other people’s lives, just as she doesn’t pay much attention to the trouble that coins thrown into the engine may bring to others.

Why do people love coins so much? I think it is because it is cheap.An expenditure with a total price of no more than 5 yuan can be exchanged for the infinite possibility of making a fortune in peace and happiness. This business is too cost-effective.Naturally, I have come several times, and I have the conditions to go, but I have no conditions to imagine that I have to go. It’s said that there are gods who hold their heads up three feet, so they should all see more.

I heard that the wishing pool was originally intended to throw gold coins to make a wish. If this rule is extended to this day, the wishing person will definitely fall off a cliff. Peace is so expensive, it is better to leave gold for peace.

Since there is a rule that ordinary coins with the same style can make wishes, there are no wishing pools, and there are lucky pools of human desires everywhere.

Huaer Street, which is greedy for money and lustful, is committed to bringing more valuable reading to everyone. Please indicate the source and author of the original reprint.Infringement will be investigated.

Special feature of 1905 film network Under the blessing of new and old films, the cumulative box office of the summer file in 2023 exceeded 20 billion yuan, and there is no suspense. The new director has contributed a lot.

This summer, the newcomer directed a live-action movie, preceded by "She Disappeared", which set off the first wave of watching movies in the summer file; Later, there was "Put All Your Eggs on the Buckle" to help the box office hit a new high. Between the two films, the box office and word-of-mouth of "octagonal cage" Qi Fei. The new face of the animated film director brought two masterpieces, Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an and Tea No.2 Middle School.

"After a period of continuous exploration, a large number of young creators and practitioners who have a clear understanding of the film industry have emerged in the film market, and they will play an important role in promoting the sustainable development of China’s film industrialization." When interviewed by the media, Zhifina, a professor at the China Academy of Art, once said so. These "fresh blood" of China film market make people see more development possibilities of domestic films.

Summer file: a box office blessing for new directors

According to the mainstream cognition in the industry, a director who has made no more than three feature films can be called a newcomer director. They are a new force for the development of China films.

In recent years, the summer file has become a box office blessing for new directors. Jason Wu, Muye Wen, Wang Baoqiang, jiaozi and a number of other newcomers have made famous films, all of which were born here.

This is because the "price" of the summer ticket for the mainland film market is relatively reasonable. The industry rumor that "don’t enter the Spring Festival file without 100 million publicity fees" is enough to prove how expensive the tickets for the Spring Festival file are. However, the publicity expenses starting from 100 million yuan are often the upper limit of the production cost of many new directors’ works.

From the perspective of capital, most of the big productions that can get tickets for Spring Festival and National Day will not be given to new directors. Because there are too many uncertain factors in the market awareness and quality control ability of new directors, well-known and mature directors are the first choice for employers.

In the summer of 2023, the production cost of the new director’s explosive works "Disappeared She" and "Put All Your Eggs on One Egg" is at most medium in the industry. Wu Ershan’s "Feng Shen I" is well-dressed, and its production cost is far ahead of both.

In addition, the long span of the summer file also leaves enough time for the word-of-mouth fermentation of the new director’s works. Wang Baoqiang’s "The Octagonal Cage" was not favored by the capital at the beginning of its production, and its early screening was mediocre. However, with the large-scale and long-term continuous screening of the film, when it was officially released, the single-day box office of the film appeared many times with high-quality word of mouth.

For the new director of animated film, the box office bonus ability of summer file is beyond the reach of other golden files. During the summer vacation, students, one of the mainstream moviegoers, are on holiday, have enough time to watch movies, and there is a strong demand for watching movies from parent-child groups. This is also one of the important reasons for the frequent explosion of animated films in summer files.

In addition, the summer file is more inclusive. No matter what type and theme of big-screen works, you can find your own audience. This is also conducive to the box office performance of the new director’s works with strong author style.

For example, half of the TOP10 domestic documentary films were released in summer. Among them, Guo Ke’s novel Twenty-two is the most famous. In the summer of 2017, the national screening rate of the film was less than 2% on the premiere day. With the voluntary publicity and support of "tap water", the highest rate of film scheduling in a single day rose to 16.7%.

In addition to the summer file, the Lunar New Year file with the second longest time span has also produced many new directors’ explosive works. For example, manslaughter 1 directed by Sam Quah, Unexpectedly directed by Xiaoxing Yi, Bath Buddy, etc. It can be seen that the more time the schedule is, the more likely it is that the new director’s works will enjoy the box office bonus.

How do new directors fight for summer files?

According to statistics, in the summer of 2023, the number of new directors’ works reached more than ten, and the cumulative box office broke 10 billion yuan. The director’s feature-length debut films released in the middle and late August include I Through the Storm directed by Qin Haiyan, Learning Dad directed by Su Liang and The Last Truth directed by Li Taige.

Through combing, it can be found that in the works directed by newcomers in the summer of 2023, works based on real events are more likely to explode. This phenomenon was not uncommon before this.

In the summer of 2018, Muye Wen’s first big-screen work, Dying to Survive, was adapted from the real life experience of a leukemia patient in China. In the end, the cumulative box office of the film reached 3.1 billion yuan, which also promoted the creative upsurge of realistic works in the market since then. The event of life, which was released in the summer of 2021, won both box office and word of mouth. This film is also the first film directed by Liu Jiangjiang.

Why do the realistic works directed by newcomers in the summer file stand out easily?

For many new directors, it is easier to tell a good story because the first film is often related to real life experiences. For example, in The Event of Life, which discusses life and death, director Liu Jiangjiang has two relatives and friends engaged in the funeral industry related to the theme of the story.

Even if there is no relevant life experience, the relevant cases in reality can provide inspiration and material for the director’s creation, making the story more solid and credible. For example, during the script writing stage of "Put all your eggs in one basket", the Olympic bid and the team interviewed many victims of online fraud, victims who were abducted overseas to participate in online fraud, and a large number of anti-fraud police and relevant technical personnel of the public security department who fought in the front line.

In addition, the works with realistic themes can arouse the discussion of social topics related to this theme and make the film information spread across circles. Rui Cui admits that the social value of the film brings more attention, "including emotional relationships, including staying away from gambling, including life choices, etc., which we hope to make the audience feel. In addition to deep empathy, there are many viewers on the Internet who do second creation based on concepts, and then have a lot of their own thinking and discussion."

Of course, the "mentoring" of the predecessors in the industry is also the escort of the new director’s work achievements. Chen Sicheng, as the producer of The Disappeared She, provided many suggestions and ideas for the filming. The bid for the Olympic Games is the signing director of the "Bad Monkey 72 Change Movie Plan" initiated by Ning Hao Company.

In terms of film types, comedies directed by new directors are also easy to become summer explosions.

For example, The Richest Man in Xihong directed by Yan Fei and Peng Damo, and monster hunt directed by Xu Chengyi. Of course, there are cases in which new directors make their mark through comedies in all major prime files. This is because comedy has just been needed by the domestic film market and has a huge audience base.

Looking back at the summer file in 2023, surprises and accidents coexist. In the future, the market and audience expect to see more excellent works directed by newcomers.

　　CCTV News:On May 19th, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference on international cooperation and exchange of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19.

　　At the press conference, Wu Zunyou, chief epidemiologist of China CDC, introduced that after the COVID-19, China shared information about the epidemic with the World Health Organization and other countries on the principle of "early, quick and transparent".

　　Wu Zunyou said that "early, fast and transparent" can be summarized by three "firsts". The first "first", on January 3, when it was not clear what the pathogen caused the epidemic, China notified the World Health Organization and other countries. Second, China immediately notified the World Health Organization and relevant countries when it separated novel coronavirus as the "culprit" of this unexplained pneumonia on January 7th. The third "first", when China made clear the gene sequence of the virus, he uploaded, notified and shared it to the World Health Organization as soon as possible, and uploaded the whole gene sequence to the World Health Organization’s global shared data platform. These three firsts show that China shared information with the World Health Organization and other countries on the principle of "early, quick and transparent" at the early stage of the epidemic. Only by sharing information in a timely, open and transparent manner can the whole world cooperate and win the war in COVID-19.

　　Congratulations to those who have the word "agricultural registered permanent residence" on the household registration book!

　　Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the Policy of Strengthening Agriculture and Benefiting Farmers in 2019. These 37 policies include the development and circulation of agricultural production, the protection and utilization of agricultural resources, the construction of farmland, the support of agricultural scientific and technological personnel, agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, and rural construction.

　　The two departments said that the central government will continue to increase investment in agriculture, strengthen the overall integration of projects, and continuously optimize the supply of financial investment in agriculture. The insiders believe that this year’s policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers will focus on promoting quality and green agriculture, developing and expanding rural industries and accelerating agricultural modernization.

　　Give appropriate financial subsidies.

　　Reduce the service price of farmers

　　Among them, the socialized service of agricultural production. Support rural collective economic organizations, specialized agricultural service organizations, service-oriented farmers’ cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives and other entities that have certain capabilities and can provide effective and stable services, and provide agricultural productive services such as agricultural technology promotion, land custody, farming and planting, unified prevention and control, drying and storage for farmers engaged in the production of important agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar. Appropriate financial subsidies will be given to reduce the service prices of farmers.

　　Development and circulation of agricultural production

　　It is a priority area for policy support.

　　Subsidies for corn, soybean and rice producers are related to the interests of grain farmers and various new agricultural business entities, and are the most concerned by the industry.

　　This year, the state has decided to implement corn and soybean producer subsidies in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, and implement rice subsidies in relevant rice-producing provinces. The insiders believe that producer subsidies can not only reflect the specific requirements of the structural reform of agricultural supply side for various grain varieties, but also reflect the policy trend of separating grain prices from subsidies and conforming to the rules of the World Trade Organization.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs introduced that this year, the central government will make overall arrangements for subsidies for corn and soybean producers, and the subsidy funds will be paid to producers in the form of "one card (discount)". The specific scope, basis and standard of subsidy are determined by each province in combination with local conditions, but the standard of soybean subsidy is higher than that of corn. In order to promote the reform of the minimum purchase price of rice and implement rice subsidies in the relevant rice-producing provinces, the central government will allocate a certain amount of subsidy funds to the provinces, and the relevant provinces will formulate specific subsidy implementation plans.

　　High-standard farmland construction will

　　Xiang grain production functional area

　　Important agricultural products production protection zones are inclined.

　　According to the requirements of the "Government Work Report", in 2019, more than 80 million mu of high-standard farmland will be built nationwide.

　　This time, the two departments further clarified that the construction of high-standard farmland will be inclined to grain production functional areas and important agricultural product production protection areas. It will be implemented in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, and a centralized contiguous demonstration zone will be established to showcase a number of black land protection and utilization models. Support the development of technical and engineering measures such as controlling black soil loss, increasing soil organic matter content, conserving water and fertilizer, raising black soil, and monitoring and evaluating cultivated land quality.

　　Lu Guimin, director of the farmland construction management department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that the construction of high-standard farmland has strong public welfare, wide benefits, large investment and long construction period, and must rely on the effective organization and promotion of the government.

　　In this regard, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has promoted the integration of original farmland construction projects and funds from the source of the central budget, and set up special farmland construction projects. Project expenditures are earmarked for farmland construction, and in recent years, they have been concentrated on high-standard farmland construction, and other non-farmland construction projects such as agricultural comprehensive development industrialization development and departmental projects are no longer arranged.

　　Protect and utilize agricultural resources

　　In terms of the protection and utilization of agricultural resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will issue subsidies and awards for grassland ecological protection, subsidies for fishery development and ship scrapping, dismantling and updating, and compensation for fishing bans in key waters of the Yangtze River Basin. Carry out fishery proliferation and release, promote the pilot project of comprehensive utilization of crop straw, support the resource treatment of livestock manure, comprehensive management of groundwater overexploitation, and comprehensive management of cultivated land polluted by heavy metals.

　　Liu Changquan, director of the Industrial Economics Research Office of the Rural Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, said that compared with previous years, this year’s policy objectives are clearer and the support is stronger. At the same time, it is more prominent that green development has taken root.

　　It is necessary to fully implement the reform plan of agricultural subsidy system oriented by green ecology, effectively protect cultivated land, grassland and aquatic biological resources, strengthen the management of agricultural ecological environment, support the development of green circular agriculture, accelerate the formation of agricultural green production methods, and accelerate the transformation of agriculture from production-oriented to quality-oriented

　　Cultivate agricultural science and technology talents

　　Financial support can’t "only see things but not people", and the support of agricultural scientific and technological talents is another major aspect of the policy of strengthening agriculture.

　　In 2018, the central government allocated 2 billion yuan to cultivate more than 1 million new professional farmers in different levels according to the demand for talents at different levels in rural revitalization. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance decided to focus on cultivating new agricultural business leaders, modern young farmers, agricultural professional managers, agricultural socialized service backbones and agricultural industry poverty alleviation targets to improve their production skills and management level. Support capable farmers’ cooperatives, leading agricultural enterprises and other subjects to undertake training work.

　　Liao Xiyuan, director of the Department of Science and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that at present, most provinces in China have formulated provincial-level management measures for the identification of new professional farmers, and many counties and cities have introduced county-level support policies.

　　It can be said that the new professional farmer cultivation system has basically taken shape. However, due to the low comparative benefit and high risk of agriculture, the gap between urban and rural development leads to the siphon effect of talents, and there is a phenomenon of "lack of people" in rural revitalization. According to the plan, the number of new professional farmers will reach 20 million by 2020. Only by strengthening the cultivation of new professional farmers and speeding up the construction of a high-quality modern agricultural production and management team can we provide a solid human security for modern agriculture.

　　Diffusion is well known!

In 1960, China was in a difficult period for three years, and hunger threatened everyone. At that time, the Fifth Hospital of the Ministry of National Defense had just been established. Due to lack of materials and malnutrition, the physical fitness of scientific and technological personnel declined, and 70% of people suffered from edema, and some people also suffered from night blindness.

At this time, Sino-Soviet relations have already seen a huge rift. Soviet leader Khrushchev, who was invited to China to attend the National Day ceremony, told Mao Zedong: "The Soviet Union cannot provide atomic energy technology to China." On July 16, 1960, the Soviet Union suspended its aid project to China and withdrew all its experts in China.

Liu Zhanyi, who just graduated from the Physics Department of Peking University that year (later served as 25 senior engineers in the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology), recalled the scene at that time: all the scientific and technical personnel involved in the development of the model were holding their breath.

On September 18th, 1962, the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense appointed Sara (who was originally the director of the Dongfeng II model design committee) as the chief designer of Dongfeng II missile, and Qian Wen was the chief designer of the code-named "543" missile (Hongqi I missile).

On October 11th, Vice Premier Nie Rongzhen made it clear again after listening to the report from the leaders of the Fifth Hospital of the Ministry of National Defense: Dongfeng II is the key point, and it should be built during the third five-year plan period, with ground test first and then flight test; We should attach importance to the imitation of "543" and pay close attention to the data collation of this model.

The cohesion and creativity of the Chinese nation once again shine the most brilliant brilliance at the most critical moment.

The scenes of researchers working hard day and night are like movie clips, and every frame is precious. Scientists continue to struggle and innovate independently, constantly pushing the space industry to a new peak.

"Black Cat" Attacks

Since March, 1958, the high-altitude reconnaissance flying team in Taiwan Province area, code-named "Black Cat Squadron", has frequently flown to the mainland for high-altitude reconnaissance. They used the U-2 reconnaissance plane made in the United States, which was specially equipped with a B-type camera for high-altitude reconnaissance to capture information and take photos.

Anti-aircraft guns and fighters can do nothing to combat the arrogance of the "Black Cat Squadron", and anti-aircraft missiles must be used.

In 1960, the research on China’s surface-to-air missile weapon system was just in its infancy. At that time, only more than 50 surface-to-air missiles with code name "543" (C-75) were introduced from the Soviet Union.

After the Soviet Union withdrew its experts and stopped providing aid, Nie Rongzhen pointed out that it was necessary to give full play to the enthusiasm of China experts and rely on China’s own technical strength to copy "543".

According to Nie Rongzhen’s instructions, relying on and giving full play to the role of China’s own experts, the astronauts put forward the slogan of "learning C-75, thoroughly understanding C-75 and imitating’ 543’" to speed up the pace of imitation.

In September 1961, the Second Branch concentrated a scientific and technological team including experts from Qian Wen, Cai Jintao, Wu Shuoping, Huang Weilu, Liang Sili, Zhang Lvqian, Chen Huaijin, etc., and strengthened the imitation power of the C-75 surface-to-air missile.

With the progress of imitation work, "543" gradually entered the outfield for flight shooting test. In 1963, the flight test of two model bombs was successfully carried out for the first time, and in 1964, the target test of combat bombs was carried out in the whole weapon system. As a result, the fuze did not lead the warhead when hitting the entity drone.

Through a large number of experiments and analysis, the designer successfully shot down the drone in the second test after taking corresponding technical measures for the fuze and the drone, and realized the finalization of the imitation missile. Since then, the missile named "Red Flag No.1" has been produced and equipped with troops.

Hongqi-1 missile

There has been a new breakthrough in imitation

The imitation process is very hard, just like crossing the river by feeling the stones. When copying the "543" missile, the astronauts overcame a series of technical difficulties and made many new achievements on their own.

Liu Zhanyi was working on a group of ground-based radars. With the help of Soviet experts, Liu Zhanyi, who majored in radio physics, quickly completed the reverse design of the command antenna.

Then, Liu Zhanyi’s group successfully completed the reverse design of the electrical size and parameters of the tracking and guidance antenna, but suddenly encountered a problem when calculating one of the numbers of the scanner.

The purpose of reverse design is to find out the design structure of the missile, the performance of materials and parts, and prepare for the next imitation. "Calculus and geometry learned at school are far from enough." Liu Zhanyi and his colleagues gritted their teeth, worked overtime and studied hard every day. After self-learning a book of more than 800 pages of Intrinsic Geometry of Convex Surfaces, they finally got the calculation results.

At the moment, everyone has a common belief: master missile technology as soon as possible and complete the tasks assigned by the state quickly and well.

The imitation work is going on at full speed. At the same time, in 1960, Tang Jingzhi (later 23 senior engineers in the Second Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology) undertook the imitation design of the display of the "543" missile display command vehicle.

He recalled: "Once the U-2 reconnaissance plane appeared again, the’ black cat’ turned around and flew away before our missile radar was turned on and powered on. After discussion at that time, it was agreed that the U-2 reconnaissance plane must have installed a new electronic reconnaissance system, so it could receive the signal that the ground missile radar was turned on. "

In order to cover up the frequency of electrical scanning, 23 technical teams decided to install an irradiation antenna on Hongqi-1 to search for the target and initially track and lock the target, then turn on the scanning antenna at an appropriate time, and then immediately launch missiles to shoot the target.

Two octogenarians, who are now over 80 years old, recalled those years and said, "In that era of hard struggle, we believed that the Chinese nation had the ability to overcome scientific difficulties, and we had to work it out despite all difficulties."

Beat the antelope to build missiles

At that time, faced with heavy and tense scientific research tasks, scientific and technological personnel often worked overtime spontaneously and made painstaking research. Until the dead of night, in the early hours of the morning, everyone was still busy in the office.

Researchers use simple equipment to design.

At that time, Nie Rongzhen, who was in charge of the national defense science, technology and industry, made a special provision for this: all research institutes must turn off their lights at 0: 00 and ask everyone to rest on time. However, in the Fifth Hospital and the Institute of Atomic Energy, after zero, some people hide in the toilet to read books, and some people study with flashlights under the covers.

Researchers actively learn new knowledge, master new technologies and strive to overcome scientific difficulties.

In order to ensure that the front-line researchers have enough nutrition, the state mobilizes all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions to support the Fifth Hospital as much as possible. Not long after, several major military regions and naval forces urgently allocated a batch of non-staple foods such as pork, soybeans, fish and eggs to the national defense scientific research front, which were extremely precious at that time. This batch of materials has greatly eased the shortage of food supply in the Fifth Hospital.

While allocating materials from all over the country, the Fifth Hospital organized troops to fight antelope in Inner Mongolia to solve the problem of eating meat in the whole hospital. In the early winter of 1961, Zhai Dajun (later deputy director of the Second Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology) set out with the hunting team of the Second Branch.

The winter weather is cold, and the grassland temperature in Inner Mongolia drops to MINUS 30-40 degrees Celsius. The cloth tent of the hunting team is not only not cold-resistant, but also can’t stop the wind.

Zhai Dajun, now 93 years old, recalled the scene at that time and said, "I dare not take off my clothes when I sleep at night. When I get into bed, I feel like I have entered icehouse." Later, the tent was too cold to live in, so they had to borrow two earth houses nearby to stay temporarily, which solved the accommodation problem.

After a heavy snow, it became more and more difficult to beat the antelope. The team members stayed up all night looking for the trail of the antelope and were very tired. What moved Zhai Dajun was that the comrades proudly said that the scientific and technical personnel were developing our country’s missiles at home, and they were willing to work hard and tired to let them eat a bowl of yellow mutton noodles.

It was under such difficult conditions that Dongfeng II missile was born.

"Dongfeng II" was born

In 1960, China mastered the missile manufacturing technology by imitating the Soviet surface-to-surface missiles. At the same time, the Dongfeng-2 missile with a longer range began to be developed.

At that time, the successful imitation of the "1059" missile greatly encouraged the morale of astronauts. Mr. Nie proposed that we should break through the barrier from imitation to independent design and design our own missiles with our own hands.

The missile in Nie Rongzhen’s mouth is the Dongfeng-2 short-range surface-to-surface missile designed by itself on the basis of the "1059" missile.

After discovering that the thrust and range of the "1059" missile still have potential to be tapped, the technicians of the First Branch of the Fifth Academy conducted an in-depth analysis of the overall scheme and the structure of the missile, and decided to independently develop the medium and short-range missile "Dongfeng II" with a range of 1,200 kilometers.

According to Mao Zedong’s famous saying, "East Wind Overwhelms West Wind", "East Wind" became the code name of China’s surface-to-surface missile series.

Although Dongfeng-2 missile "climbs high" on the basis of "1059" missile, it has great technical inheritance, but it still encounters many thorny problems in the design process. At that time, the vast majority of engineers and technicians who participated in the design were young people who had just left school. It was the first time to engage in missile design, but many technical problems were creatively solved.

In order to increase the range and reduce the weight of the rocket itself, Lu You, who was a designer of the missile tail shell in a branch at that time, put the missile rudder bracket originally placed outside into the rudder ring in one design, so that the rudder was within the jet range of the engine and the missile could be "controlled" smoothly. It is precisely because of this ingenious design that Lu You’s post division of labor has become a rudder unit designer.

In this way, Lu friends and colleagues began to develop intensively. "I missed dinner after working overtime, and I can still eat a bowl of yellow mutton after rushing to the cafeteria." So far, Lu You is still crying. He said with emotion that in the difficult period when the country’s materials are very poor, he can do everything possible to care for scientific and technological personnel from life, and the care and warmth of the party have all become the working motivation of scientific and technological personnel. Although the conditions are poor and there are many difficulties, people are all in high spirits and full of emotions.

Lijian Dongfeng

Determination of parameters, preparation of components, modification of equipment … The front and rear fought day and night, and after more than a year of hard work, Dongfeng II missile was finally developed.

In March 1962, the first Dongfeng-2 missile arrived at the launch site for various tests before launch.

Everything seems to be going very well. On March 21st, Dongfeng-2 missile made its first flight test.

69 seconds after launch, Dongfeng-2 missile crashed on the launch site, and the explosion point was only 680 meters away from the launch pad. Pain and disappointment hang over the hearts of every scientific and technological person.

After the first test failure of Dongfeng-2 missile, technicians analyzed the reasons for the failure.

Technicians inspected Dongfeng-2 missile.

After the launch failed, Qian Xuesen immediately took technicians to the scene to investigate the cause of the accident. Under the leadership of Qian Xuesen, after careful analysis, the crux of the defeat was finally found out. Experts also analyzed that the "Dongfeng II" test was not sufficient, and there was no ground facility for full missile test, so it was impossible to expose defects in the ground test, which was also an important reason for the missile crash.

In 1962, Qian Xuesen rushed to the base to guide the work after the first test failure of Dongfeng II missile.

Lessons learned from failures are often more valuable than successful experiences. Since then, on the one hand, developers have revised the design to improve the reliability of the engine system; On the other hand, accelerate the construction of large-scale ground test facilities such as all-missile test bench, and eliminate faults on the ground as much as possible.

At that time, Zhang Zuocheng (later Secretary-General of the Science and Technology Committee of the Third Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology of China) participated in the engine test of each test platform of the test station and the all-missile test of Platform 4 as a technical assistant.

In order to simulate the flight state and test the reliability of the missile system on the ground, in 1963, the most important large-scale ground test facility, the all-missile test bench, was completed.

On May 20th, the Fifth Hospital established the acceptance committee of all-missile test bench. Zhang Zuocheng remembers that after the completion of the all-missile test bench, three cold tests and two hot tests were carried out on the newly-built platform 4 using the "1059" missile. After that, more than 20 technical measures were taken and more than 80 ground tests were carried out to test the safety and reliability of the all-missile test bench.

On December 26th, the improved Dongfeng-2 missile carried out five all-missile tests in short range, medium range, full range, rated thrust and large thrust on the newly-built all-missile test bench, which stood the most rigorous and comprehensive test before the flight test.

The experiment went very smoothly. The redesigned Dongfeng-2 missile has passed 17 large-scale ground tests and 105 engine test runs.

On June 29th, 1964, Dongfeng-2 missile, which was developed by our country, ignited and lifted off at Jiuquan launch site, accurately hitting the intended target 1,000 kilometers away, turning a new page in the history of missile development in China.

On June 29th, 1964, China’s self-developed Dongfeng II turned a new page in China’s missile history.

August 27, 2019 "China Aerospace News" 3 rd edition

The pictures are from China Aerospace Publishing House, this newspaper and other materials.

Text/China Aerospace News reporter Miao Shanshan

Editor/Liu Zhe Zhang Xiaofan Hao Chenxi (intern)

Producer/Xu Bin

It is Hongmeng Zhixing’s first coupe SUV. The new car has already released the official picture and will be listed in September. It is expected to be priced at 300,000 yuan. Don’t say expensive, this pure electric coupe SUV jointly built by Huawei and Chery has excellent hardcore performance. The reference price (24.98-34 9,800 yuan), it is still very possible for the main sales model of Zhijie R7 to be locked at 300,000 yuan.

The Smart R7 has two major product highlights, the first is space. He Gang, CEO of Huawei’s end point BG, said on social media that the Smart R7 has redesigned the back shape. In order to optimize the rear row and storage space in the car, the rear of the whole car is raised to bring the largest interior space in the coupe SUV. At the same time, it also maintains the beautiful curve of the coupe and reduces the wind resistance, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone.

At the same time, the new car is equipped with 800V fast charging, and has 800km + long battery life. Once fully charged, it can meet the requirements of long-term inter-provincial travel without mileage anxiety.

In terms of power system, the future Smart R7 is expected to launch dual-motor and single-motor versions, with a maximum range of more than 800 kilometers. It was previously reported that the Smart R7 may also launch a range-extended version. The car is an SUV, which has more advantages in space layout. The installation of range extenders and the adjustment of the front and rear counterweights of the vehicle give the Smart R7 more flexibility.

Refer to other models of Hongmeng Zhixing, and M9 have both launched extended-range power models, and their sales performance is quite good. Therefore, the intelligent R7, which has advantages in space layout, will be very beneficial to sales growth if it launches extended-range models and lowers prices.

At the smart driving level, the Smart R7 will be equipped with high-precision 4D millimeter-wave radar, supporting Huawei’s latest ADS 3.0 smart driving system and the new generation of Hongmeng cockpit.

N Comments: 300,000 Yuan-level new energy SUV competition is very fierce, and other models focus on home use, while there are not many personalized coupe SUV products like Zhijie R7. From the positioning point of view, Zhijie R7 has made product differentiation, providing young consumers with a product that is both intelligent and personalized, but personality means niche in the domestic market. If Zhijie R7 can launch an extended range version to lower the entry threshold and match it with a rich configuration, it is also possible to sell over 10,000 in the future. (Figure: Network/Text: Ouyang)

For most people, the mention of a car from a 4S shop is just the beginning, and the cost of maintaining a car in the later stage is a big deal. Can today’s talk help us save some money in the future? Without further ado, let’s take a look.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of the Zhiji LS6 first. The front face design of the Zhiji LS6 is relatively cute and very recognizable. The headlights are very simple and elegant, and the recognition is very high. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing, etc. Come to the side of the car, the body size of the car is 4904MM*1988MM*1669MM, the car adopts avant-garde lines, and the body gives a very hard-core feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is eye-catching. Looking back, the rear of the car looks very simple, the taillights are very simple, and the sense of neatness is in front of you.

In terms of the interior, the interior adopts a clean and refreshing design, which is easy to impress the hearts of young consumers. The steering wheel of the car is well designed and made of genuine leather, which makes it feel good. Take a look at the central control, with a 26.3-inch central control screen, the interior design is quite layered and looks fashionable and dynamic. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of the car presents a simple design style, which is very eye-catching. The car adopts imitation leather seats, equipped with electric adjustment of the auxiliary seat, electric adjustment of the seat with memory, and seat ratio reclining, which further improves the comfort of the driver and occupant.

The Zhiji LS6 is 579KW, with a total torque of 800N.m and a maximum speed of 252km/h.

The car is equipped with vehicle to everything, driving mode selection, Bluetooth key, NFC/RFID key, interior ambient light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, the configuration performance is passable, basically satisfactory.

After reading the full text, what are your main impressions of this car? I wonder if you are excited about the car introduced today?

　　After the second launch of the "Starship" rocket, there was an explosion after the first-stage separation and the second-stage loss of contact. The US manned moon landing program was highly unlikely to send people to the moon as planned.

　　The second launch of Starship was originally scheduled for November 17th, but the launch time was postponed to 18th due to a problem with a grille rudder of the rocket, which required replacement of the driver. As the largest rocket of mankind at present, the second launch of Starship still attracts the attention of the whole world. Although it did not fully achieve the expected goal, the flight time was longer, and the first and second stages were successfully separated. Compared with the first flight, there were more technical progress and achievements.

　　A somewhat different "starship"

　　In April this year, "Starship" ushered in its first flight test, but after liftoff, it was found that many engines in the first stage were not working normally. After liftoff for 2 minutes and 30 seconds, the attitude of the rocket became unstable and began to rotate, and finally it disintegrated and exploded, and the launch failed.

　　Later, SpaceX announced the cause of the failure, saying that after the launch of the "Starship", several engines failed, lost altitude and began to rotate, and issued instructions to the spacecraft to terminate the flight. SpaceX said that the "Starship" has set up a self-destruction mechanism in the event of an accident to prevent the rocket from falling freely and threatening the safety of human beings on the ground.

　　It is said that the engine failed because the leaked propellant at the back end of the overweight booster caught fire and finally cut off the connection with the main flight computer. This led to the loss of signal of most booster engines, and eventually led to the interruption of the "Starship" control system.

　　Afterwards, SpaceX implemented leakage mitigation measures and improved the testing of engine and booster hardware. In addition, SpaceX upgraded the existing fire extinguishing system of overweight booster to reduce the risk of engine fire in the future.

　　Starship is a heavy-duty launch vehicle developed by SpaceX, which adopts reusable design. The rocket consists of two parts: the take-off stage is called "Super Heavy Booster", and 33 Raptor liquid oxygen methane engines are installed in parallel, of which 13 are built in to change the thrust direction, with a maximum thrust of about 7,600 tons; The second stage is actually a spaceship with six engines (including three vacuum Raptor engines and three sea-level Raptor engines). The maximum carrying capacity of Starship in low earth orbit is 250 tons, and it is 150 tons in recoverable state.

　　Get up from where you fell. In response to the failure of the first flight, Musk said in September that SpaceX has made more than 1,000 modifications to the Starship since its first flight in April. The most important change is the interstage thermal separation method, that is, the second-stage spacecraft of the Starship ignites the engine when it has not been separated from the first-stage overweight booster. Musk said, "Thermal separation has the advantage of loading into orbit, and conservatively speaking, the carrying capacity has increased by about 10%."

　　Musk said that when the engine of the "Starship" second-stage spacecraft was ignited, a few engines of the overweight booster were still working. This can prevent the vehicle from losing thrust in the traditional stage separation process when the first stage engine is turned off first.

　　In order to improve the carrying capacity, most rockets adopt multi-stage design. Separation between rockets is one of the key technologies of launch vehicles, and whether it can be successfully separated directly affects the success or failure of the mission. At present, there are two separation forms of interstage separation: cold separation and thermal separation. Thermal separation means that the rocket at the back stage is pushed away by the high-temperature gas jet from the rocket engine at the front stage, and the engine at the front stage is already ignited when the connector is unlocked; The cold separation uses the separation energy installed on the separation body to provide separation energy, and the engine of the first stage rocket will not ignite until the first and second stages of rockets are separated.

　　The two separation methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The thermal separation method does not need to accelerate the engine twice, which reduces the dead weight problem and improves the carrying capacity to some extent. But there are also some problems in thermal separation, which need to be paid attention to when using this technology. For example, the "Starship" stage will be directly hit by the flame during thermal separation, and the time must be controlled well, otherwise it may affect the reuse of the arrow body. Secondly, thermal separation is fast, and if there are design problems or unexpected factors, it may lead to accidental damage of the rocket.

　　Judging from the live video of this launch, the thermal separation technology was successful, and all 33 engines in the first stage were ignited, but it exploded shortly after thermal separation. The second stage was about to run out of time machine when the propellant was about to run out, and then the telemetry signal was lost. Although the second launch did not meet expectations, it took longer than the first flight, which verified more technologies.

　　The United States may not be able to send a man to the moon on time.

　　The second launch of Starship failed to fully meet expectations. Although this is an acceptable setback under SpaceX’s "rapid iteration" and "flying instead of testing" rocket development mode, these setbacks are likely to drag down the US manned moon landing plan and its own company’s space program.

　　In August this year, NASA officials said that if the research and development progress of key systems can’t keep up, the "Al themis 3" manned moon landing program may not include the astronauts’ landing on the moon. Jim Fry, an official of NASA’s Exploration System Development Task Department, told the media that if key equipment such as the manned lunar landing system developed by SpaceX (that is, the moon landing version of "Starship") is not in place in time, "we may finally perform it once (with the plan). Different tasks."

　　NASA Director Bill Carney once said, I ask such a question every day: How is SpaceX progressing? All the managers told me that they were achieving all the milestones.

　　In 2019, the U.S. government announced the new moon landing plan of "Al themis", and has completed the mission of "Al themis 1" orbiting the moon. NASA plans to carry out the manned mission of "Al themis 2" around the moon in November next year.

　　In the American moon landing plan, SLS rocket+Orion spacecraft+moon landing version of "Starship" are the three most critical parts, which are indispensable. Although the development progress of the first two is protracted and costly, the research and development have been completed, and everything went well for the first test flight. According to the plan, only one manned test flight around the moon needs to be completed in 2024, and the conditions for landing on the moon are met.

　　In the new moon landing plan of Al themis, the moon landing version of "Starship" will carry astronauts away from the "portal" lunar space station to carry out the moon landing mission. After landing on the lunar surface to complete the mission, the "Starship" took off again to dock with the lunar portal, sent the astronauts to the "portal" space station, and returned to Earth after a rest in the "Orion" spacecraft. After the second launch, "Starship" will have to carry out many verification flights, including a series of major test challenges, such as recovery of launch pad, rapid reuse launch, on-orbit refueling, unmanned lunar landing demonstration, etc. It is said that it may take at least ten flight tests and success before it can meet the conditions for landing on the moon. Now, the "Starship" has become the X factor for the United States to return to the moon in 2026.

　　It is worth mentioning that one month after the first flight of Starship failed, on May 19th, NASA announced that it had signed an additional contract with Blue Origin Company to develop a second manned lunar lander, which will make its first manned flight as part of the mission of Al themis 5. Blue Origin’s lunar lander is smaller than the moon landing version of Starship, with a payload of only 20 tons. The lander uses a combination of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellant as fuel, and plans to carry out its fifth mission in 2029. Some analysts believe that because NASA saw the progress of the Starship delayed and there were some technical uncertainties, it decided to choose a "spare tire" for the moon landing version of the Starship, and the blue origin company’s plan was "spare tire".

　　William Gersten Mayer, vice president of SpaceX in charge of construction and flight reliability and a former senior employee of NASA, once said that if the delay continues, eventually, we will lose our leading position and we will see China land on the moon before us.

　　In July this year, the China Manned Space Engineering Office issued the "Announcement on Collecting the Scientific Load Plan for the Manned Lunar Exploration Project", pointing out that the mission of the manned lunar exploration project in China has been launched, and it is planned to carry out unmanned lunar landing in advance and realize the first landing of China people on the moon by 2030.

　　China’s initial plan for manned landing on the moon is to use two launch vehicles to send the lunar lander and manned spacecraft to the Earth-Moon transfer orbit respectively, and the spacecraft and lander will rendezvous and dock in the orbit around the moon, and the astronauts will enter the lunar lander from the spacecraft. After that, the lunar lander will descend and land in the predetermined area of the lunar surface, and the astronauts will land on the moon to carry out scientific investigation and sample collection. After completing the established mission, the astronauts will ascend to orbit around the moon on the lander and rendezvous and dock with the spacecraft, and return to Earth on the spacecraft with samples.

　　It is reported that China has fully deployed and carried out various research and construction work, and researchers are developing the Long March 10 carrier rocket, a new generation of manned spacecraft, a lunar lander, a lunar landing suit, a manned lunar rover and other equipment. The take-off weight of the Long March 10 is about 2,187 tons, the take-off thrust is about 2,678 tons, and the carrying capacity of the Earth-Moon transfer orbit is not less than 27 tons. It is expected that it will have the first flight conditions in 2027, and the new generation manned spacecraft test ship will successfully make its first flight in May 2020. The lunar lander under study weighs about 26 tons and consists of a lunar module and a propulsion module. It can deliver two astronauts to the lunar surface and is mainly responsible for lowering the astronauts from the orbit around the moon to land on the lunar surface and returning to the orbit around the moon. At the same time, the lunar lander also has the ability of autonomous control flight.

　　The United States was once the first country in the world to successfully land a man on the moon. It hopes to win the top spot again in the lunar exploration boom in the new century, and now the pressure is coming.