In the first quarter of this year, in the face of the winter and spring epidemic test and the uncertainty of the external environment, the achievements of coordinating epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development have been consolidated and expanded. The economic operation is stable and consolidated, and it is stable and good; Agricultural production is generally stable, and pig production capacity has recovered significantly; Industrial production maintained rapid growth, and equipment and high-tech industries grew strongly; Energy consumption recovered rapidly, and the intensity of energy consumption remained declining; The service industry has resumed growth and the market is expected to improve.

　　The economic operation started well, and the development momentum continued to increase.

　　Zhao Tonglu, Director of National Economic Accounting Department of National Bureau of Statistics

　　In the first quarter, all regions and departments made concerted efforts to promote the prevention and control of normalized epidemic situation and the effectiveness of economic and social development continued to show. China’s economic operation continued to recover steadily and its development momentum continued to increase.

　　First, the steady recovery of the economy continued to consolidate and the overall start was good.

　　In the first quarter, China’s GDP was 24,931 billion yuan, an increase of 18.3% at constant prices; An increase of 10.3% over the same period in 2019, with an average increase of 5.0% in two years; Compared with the fourth quarter of last year, it increased by 0.6%.

　　In terms of industries, the added value of the primary industry was 1,133.2 billion yuan, up 8.1% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 2.3% in two years, driving economic growth by 0.4 percentage points; The added value of the secondary industry was 9,262.3 billion yuan, up 24.4% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 6.0% in two years, driving economic growth by 8.6 percentage points; The added value of the tertiary industry was 14,535.5 billion yuan, up 15.6% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 4.7% in two years, driving economic growth by 9.3 percentage points.

　　Second, the production continued to recover, and the industrial support function was obvious.

　　In terms of industries, the industry maintained a rapid recovery trend. In the first quarter, industrial added value increased by 24.4% year-on-year, driving economic growth by 7.6 percentage points, with an average growth of 6.7% in two years. The added value of transportation, warehousing and postal services increased by 32.1% year-on-year, with an average increase of 6.6% in two years. The added value of the accommodation and catering industry, which was greatly affected by the low base in the same period last year, increased by 43.7% year-on-year, which promoted the steady recovery of the service industry. Information transmission, software and information technology services continued to maintain rapid growth, with an increase of 21.2% on the basis of a year-on-year increase of 13.2%, with an average growth of 17.1% in two years.

　　Third, the three major demands have recovered steadily, and the role of consumption in stimulating economic growth has improved.

　　Consumer demand continued to recover. In the first quarter, the contribution rate of final consumption expenditure to economic growth was 63.4%, driving GDP growth by 11.6 percentage points, and driving GDP growth by 2.5 percentage points on average in two years, which is the main engine driving economic growth.

　　Investment demand grew steadily. In the first quarter, the contribution rate of total capital formation to economic growth was 24.5%, which boosted GDP growth by 4.5 percentage points, with an average of 1.2 percentage points in two years.

　　Net export demand has improved. In the first quarter, the net export of goods and services contributed 12.2% to economic growth, driving GDP growth by 2.2 percentage points, and driving GDP growth by 1.4 percentage points on average in two years.

　　Fourth, the innovation kinetic energy has been steadily enhanced, and the market vitality has been continuously improved.

　　New kinetic energy has maintained rapid growth, and market vitality and potential have been continuously released. In the first quarter, the added value of high-tech manufacturing and equipment manufacturing above designated size increased by 31.2% and 39.9% respectively. The average growth in two years was 12.3% and 9.7% respectively. The operating income of key areas of service industry has achieved positive growth. From January to February, the operating income of high-tech service industry, science and technology service industry and strategic emerging service industry above designated size increased by 38.2%, 37.5% and 31.6% respectively. The average growth rate in two years was 15.5%, 15.2% and 13.4% respectively.

　　Solid foundation of summer grain production and continuous recovery of animal husbandry production

　　Li Suoqiang, Director of Rural Department of National Bureau of Statistics

　　In the first quarter, all regions and departments did not relax their efforts to grasp grain production, and continued to promote the recovery of pig production capacity. The foundation of summer grain seedlings was good, animal husbandry production was stable and good, and agricultural production started well.

　　First, the overall growth of winter wheat is better than normal, and the production base of summer grain is good.

　　According to the results of remote sensing monitoring, the overall growth of winter wheat, the main crop of summer grain, was slightly better than normal in late March. Since sowing in autumn and winter last year, the climatic conditions in most wheat areas in China are good, the soil moisture is generally suitable, and the winter wheat grows and develops rapidly. At present, it is heading and flowering from south to north, and the overall growth is better than normal. Good seedling conditions lay a good foundation for the bumper harvest of summer grain.

　　Second, the production capacity of live pigs continued to recover, and the production of cattle, sheep and poultry increased steadily.

　　In the first quarter, the national output of pigs, cattle, sheep and poultry was 22 million tons, an increase of 3.87 million tons or 21.4% over the same period of last year. Among them, the output of pork increased rapidly, and the output of beef, mutton and poultry increased steadily. Milk production kept increasing, while egg production declined slightly.

　　The production of live pigs continued to recover, and the number of live pigs rose for six consecutive quarters. At the end of the first quarter, there were 415.95 million live pigs in China, an increase of 94.75 million over the end of the first quarter of last year and a year-on-year increase of 29.5%. Among them, the number of fertile sows was 43.18 million, an increase of 9.37 million, an increase of 27.7%. The number of live pigs continued to recover, and the chain has rebounded for six consecutive quarters, returning to 94.2% at the end of 2017. In the first quarter, the output of pork was 13.69 million tons, an increase of 3.31 million tons or 31.9%.

　　The output of beef, sheep, poultry and milk increased steadily, while the output of poultry and eggs decreased slightly. In the first quarter, 11.01 million beef cattle were slaughtered nationwide, an increase of 540,000, or 5.2%, over the same period of the previous year. The beef output was 1.65 million tons, an increase of 90,000 tons or 6.0%; The milk output was 7.09 million tons, an increase of 560,000 tons or 8.5%. In the first quarter, 70.59 million sheep were slaughtered nationwide, an increase of 4.86 million, an increase of 7.4%; The output of mutton was 1.04 million tons, an increase of 80,000 tons or 8.3%. In the first quarter, the output of poultry meat was 5.62 million tons, an increase of 390,000 tons or 7.4%; The output of poultry eggs was 8.11 million tons, a decrease of 170,000 tons or 2.1%.

　　3. Producer prices of agricultural products generally rose, with a sharp drop compared with the same period of last year.

　　In the first quarter, the producer price of agricultural products nationwide rose by 7.8% year-on-year, mainly due to the decline in the price of live pigs, with an increase of 31.2 percentage points lower than that of the same period of last year.

　　In terms of varieties, the producer prices of corn and soybean increased by 41.3% and 17.3% respectively, and the prices of rice and wheat increased by 6.8% and 7.8% respectively. Vegetable prices rose by 6.4%; The price of fruit dropped by 3.4%. The prices of live cattle and live sheep increased by 14.9% and 8.5% respectively; The supply of live pigs in the market increased significantly, and the price changed from 133.2% in the first quarter of last year to 6.3%. The prices of live poultry and eggs increased by 4.6% and 9.8% respectively.

　　Industrial production grew rapidly, and the benefits of enterprises improved significantly.

　　Jiang Yuan, Deputy Director of Industrial Statistics Department of National Bureau of Statistics

　　In the first quarter, the industrial economy continued its steady and positive trend since last year, industrial production maintained rapid growth, capacity utilization rate reached a high level in the same period in recent years, and corporate benefits recovered rapidly.

　　First, industrial production grew rapidly, with a high level of capacity utilization.

　　Industrial production maintained rapid growth. In the first quarter, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 24.5% year-on-year, 14.0% higher than that in the first quarter of 2019, with an average growth of 6.8% in two years; After seasonal adjustment, the quarter-on-quarter growth was 2.01%, slightly higher than the level in the fourth quarter of last year.

　　Most industries continued to recover. In the first quarter, 40 of the 41 major industries grew year-on-year. Among them, 35 industries achieved double-digit growth, and the growth rate of 13 industries exceeded 30%.

　　The capacity utilization rate increased significantly year-on-year. In the first quarter, the national industrial capacity utilization rate was 77.2%, up 9.9 percentage points year-on-year and 1.3 percentage points higher than that in the first quarter of 2019. Among them, the capacity utilization rate of energy and raw materials industries such as steel, oil and gas exploration and nonferrous metals has reached more than 80%.

　　Second, equipment and high-tech industries led the growth, and the consumer goods industry accelerated its recovery.

　　Equipment and high-tech industries are growing strongly. In the first quarter, the added value of equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing increased by 39.9% and 31.2% respectively. The average growth rate in the past two years was 9.7% and 12.3% respectively, and the growth rate was significantly higher than that in other industries.

　　The recovery of the consumer goods industry has accelerated. In the first quarter, the added value of consumer goods manufacturing increased by 18.6% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.2% in two years, showing a steady recovery trend. Among the 13 major consumer goods industries, 11 industries produced more than the first quarter of 2019.

　　Third, the market demand continued to improve, and the export-led role was strong.

　　Business orders continue to improve. The results of the questionnaire survey show that in the first quarter, 85.5% of industrial enterprises above designated size and 71.5% of small and micro-industrial enterprises below designated size had higher or normal product orders, both of which increased by more than 30% year-on-year, which was also higher than that in the fourth quarter of last year.

　　Exports maintained rapid growth. In the first quarter, industrial export delivery value increased by 30.4% year-on-year, continuing its strong driving role since the end of last year. From the two-year average, the growth rate of industrial export delivery value reached 8.2%.

　　Fourth, the efficiency of enterprises has improved significantly, and the demand for employment has continued to rise.

　　Rapid recovery of enterprise benefits. From January to February, the profits of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 1.79 times year-on-year, with an average increase of 31.2% in two years, continuing the rapid growth momentum since the second half of last year. Among them, more than 90% of the industry profits have increased, and nearly 60% of the industry profits have doubled.

　　The demand for employment in enterprises continues to rise. From January to February, the average number of employees in industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 3.0% year-on-year, and for the first time since 2014, it has turned from decline to increase.

　　On the whole, the industrial economy continued its steady and positive trend in the first quarter, but at the same time, we should also see that the foundation of industrial economic recovery is still not solid. In the next stage, we should strengthen the market regulation of raw materials, stabilize the supply chain of industrial chain, and strive to keep the industrial economy running in a reasonable range.

　　Energy production is stable and good, and energy consumption intensity keeps declining.

　　Liu Wenhua, Director of Energy Statistics Department of National Bureau of Statistics.

　　In the first quarter, with the sustained and stable recovery of China’s economy, energy supply and demand showed a recovery growth trend, energy production was stable and good, imports grew rapidly, and supply support capacity was continuously enhanced; Energy consumption recovered rapidly, energy intensity kept declining, and new progress was made in energy conservation and consumption reduction.

　　First, energy production is improving steadily.

　　With the steady progress of a series of policies and measures to ensure energy supply, the production of major energy products of industrial enterprises above designated size increased in different degrees in the first quarter, with the average growth of raw coal, crude oil and electricity in two years relatively stable, and the average growth of natural gas in two years relatively fast.

　　Rapid recovery of raw coal production. In the first quarter, the output of raw coal increased by 16.0% year-on-year, and decreased by 0.5% in the same period of last year, with an average increase of 7.4% in two years.

　　Crude oil production has increased steadily. In the first quarter, crude oil output increased by 1.4% year-on-year, the growth rate slowed down by 1.0 percentage points over the same period of last year, and the average growth rate in two years was 1.9%. Crude oil processing recovered rapidly, and the crude oil processing volume increased by 16.5%, down by 4.6% in the same period of last year, with an average increase of 5.4% in two years.

　　The growth of natural gas production has accelerated. In the first quarter, natural gas production increased by 13.1% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 4.0 percentage points higher than that of the same period of last year, with an average growth rate of 11.1% in two years.

　　Power production has rebounded rapidly. In the first quarter, power generation increased by 19.0% year-on-year, while it decreased by 6.8% in the same period of last year, with an average growth of 5.3% in two years. Among them, thermal power increased by 21.1% year-on-year, with an average increase of 5.4% in two years; Affected by natural conditions such as dry incoming water, hydropower increased by 0.5%, with an average decline of 4.6% in two years; Nuclear power increased by 18.8%, with an average growth rate of 9.6% in two years; Wind power increased by 30.9%, with an average growth of 17.6% in two years; Solar power generation increased by 14.1%, with an average growth of 12.5% in two years.

　　Second, the increase in oil and gas imports

　　According to the change of domestic energy supply and demand situation, we will increase the import of crude oil and natural gas and reduce the import of coal. In the first quarter, the imported crude oil was 139.23 million tons, up 9.5% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 4.5 percentage points higher than the same period of last year, with an average growth rate of 7.2% in two years. Imported natural gas was 29.39 million tons, up by 19.6% and accelerated by 17.8 percentage points, with an average growth of 10.3% in two years; Imported coal was 68.46 million tons, down 28.5% year-on-year, up 28.4% in the same period of last year, with an average decline of 4.2% in two years.

　　Third, the rapid recovery of energy consumption

　　In the first quarter, China’s energy consumption showed a rapid growth trend. According to preliminary accounting, the total energy consumption in the first quarter increased by 14.6% year-on-year, decreased by 3.1% in the same period of last year, and increased by 5.4% on average in two years.

　　The energy consumption of industrial enterprises above designated size, which accounts for more than 60% of the energy consumption of the whole society, increased by 14.4%, down by 4.3% in the same period of last year, with an average increase of 4.6% in two years.

　　The intensity of energy consumption keeps decreasing. In the first quarter, the energy consumption per unit of GDP decreased by 3.1% year-on-year, and increased by 4.0% in the same period of last year; The added value energy consumption of industrial units above designated size decreased by 8.1%, compared with an increase of 4.5% in the same period of last year.

　　The service industry has steadily resumed its development momentum and continued to improve.

　　Du Xishuang, Director of Service Statistics Department of National Bureau of Statistics

　　Since the beginning of this year, China’s service industry has made a good start, showing a general recovery growth trend, and its development momentum continues to increase.

　　First, the service industry showed a recovery growth

　　According to preliminary accounting, the added value of service industry in the first quarter was 14,535.5 billion yuan, up 15.6% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.7% in two years. The added value of the service industry accounted for 58.3% of the GDP, and contributed 50.9% to the national economic growth, driving the GDP growth by 9.3 percentage points, which was 21.1, 3.8 and 0.7 percentage points higher than that of the secondary industry respectively.

　　The production and operation of enterprises are improving. In March, the national service industry production index increased by 25.3% year-on-year, with an average growth of 6.8% in two years. From January to February, the operating income of service enterprises above designated size increased by 37.8% year-on-year, with an average increase of 10.0% in two years, which is close to the same period in 2019; The total profit of service enterprises above designated size turned from negative to positive year-on-year, and the profits of 10 industry categories all improved compared with the same period of last year.

　　Investment in service industry maintained its recovery momentum. In the first quarter, the investment in fixed assets in the service industry increased by 24.1% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.0% in two years; The actual use of foreign capital in the service industry was 237.79 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 51.5%, accounting for nearly 80% of the actual use of foreign capital in the country.

　　The trade deficit in services has fallen sharply. From January to February, the total import and export volume of China’s service trade declined, but the performance of service exports was obviously better than that of imports. Service exports reached 335.35 billion yuan, up 21.9% year-on-year; Service imports were 378.63 billion yuan, down 18.6% year-on-year; The trade deficit decreased by 146.88 billion yuan, down 77.2% year-on-year.

　　Second, new kinetic energy continues to grow rapidly.

　　First, the modern service industry remains active. In terms of added value, in the first quarter, the added value of real estate, information transmission, software and information technology services, and financial industry increased by 21.4%, 21.2% and 5.4% respectively year-on-year, with an average increase of 6.8%, 17.1% and 5.7% respectively in two years, which boosted the added value of service industry by 5.3 percentage points.

　　Second, the new service industry has accelerated its evolution. Under the initiative of "celebrating the New Year on the spot", new consumption such as online shopping, online ordering and cross-border e-commerce has developed rapidly. In the first quarter, the online retail sales of physical goods increased by 25.8% year-on-year, with an average increase of 15.4% in two years, accounting for 21.9% of the total retail sales of consumer goods in the same period. The online and offline integration of the consumer market has accelerated, and the scale of the express delivery market has accelerated.

　　Third, the development potential of key service industries has been rapidly released. In the first quarter, the investment in fixed assets of high-tech service industry maintained rapid growth, with a year-on-year increase of 28.6%, which was 4.5 percentage points higher than the investment in fixed assets of all service industries, with an average growth of 8.2% in two years.

　　With the further consolidation of epidemic prevention and control achievements, enterprises continue to be optimistic about market development expectations, and the service industry is expected to continue its recovery growth trend.

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Zhu Hengwen, an old criminal police and intelligence expert, left. At 10am on the 27th, in Baiyun Hall of Guangzhou Funeral Home, Zhu Heng Wen, a Guangdong public security intelligence expert, deputy director of the Criminal Countermeasures Department of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department and head of the Criminal Intelligence Research Center, lay quietly among the flowers. More than 1,000 people came from all over the country to see him off for the last trip.

On April 16th, Zhu Hengwen went on a business trip to Zhuhai to investigate another extraordinarily serious crime-related project. He had a sudden cerebral hemorrhage while discussing the case with his colleagues that night. He died at 11 o’clock on April 18th at the age of 45 after being rescued.

This 23-year-old criminal police officer has been fighting for more than 40 days. He has just finished the arrest of nearly 700 fugitives in two projects, and has not had time to grab a lunch, so he is busy with another project. He left his lover, his son who was about to take the senior high school entrance examination, and his elderly parents behind. When the illness hit, he closed his tired eyes and never woke up.

[last moment]

I ran several projects in a row and suddenly collapsed while discussing the case.

"Brother Hengwen, go!" On April 18th, the news that Zhu Hengwen died of a sudden cerebral hemorrhage in Zhuhai shocked everyone who knew him.

On April 15, Zhu Hengwen rushed to Shenzhen to prepare for the national promotion meeting of public security organs to crack down on criminal crimes. When he got home, he said "I’m very tired", lay on the sofa for an hour and went on working.

On the morning of April 16th, he attended the press conference of Guangdong police’s "Hurricane No.1" and "Hurricane No.2" pursuit projects, and was ready to introduce these two projects he handled to the media. At that time, he was livid.

Just after the press conference, he went to Zhuhai to organize the next step of investigation and crackdown on a large cross-border gang-related project. Zhanghua, a colleague on a business trip, recalled that when discussing the case at 10 o’clock that night, Zhu Hengwen suddenly said, "I have a headache. Let’s go back to my room and have a rest first, and we’ll meet again at 11 o’clock."

Ten minutes later, zhanghua received a phone call from Zhu Hengwen, whose language was vague. Everyone realized that the situation was not good. When the waiter opened the door, he was already lying on the bed, having difficulty breathing. Everyone immediately called 120.

Liang Ruiguo, a comrade-in-arms who has worked with Zhu Hengwen for many years and political commissar of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department, also received the news at this time and immediately rushed to Zhuhai to arrive at the hotel with the ambulance.

"When we carried him into the elevator, I also called him:’ Hengwen, hold on!’ His closed eyes were half open and he looked at me. "Liang Ruiguo has never forgotten his comrades’ last look before his death. This old policeman who is used to harsh scenes can’t help but sob.

At 11 o’clock that night, Deng Guodong, a policeman from the Criminal Intelligence Center of the Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department, also received a phone call from his colleague: "Zhu is ill, and the road is slippery in the dark. Please bring your nephew to Zhuhai as soon as possible."

Out of professional habits, Deng Guodong recognized the contradiction in his words. In consternation, he realized: "Zhu Chu’s condition may be critical, and I hope he can be safe." At 2 am on April 17th, they arrived at Zhuhai People’s Hospital. At this time, Zhu Hengwen was lying in the ICU ward and had fallen into a coma.

Two days and two nights of rescue, several expert consultations, but the illness came too fierce and too urgent. At 11 o’clock in the morning on April 18, Zhu Hengwen finally died because of ineffective rescue.

[intelligence expert]

Data chased 1340 people, and a large number of unjust cases and accumulated cases were solved.

After 23 years as a policeman, Zhu Hengwen has worked in personnel, counter-terrorism and criminal investigation. In the public security department, he is a famous "workaholic", and he can be seen burning the midnight oil at any time.

Since 2016, he has led and participated in 15 "Hurricane" series of network closing operations. In the "August 20" mega-transnational telecom fraud project in 2016, he took the initiative to go to Armenia to participate in the escort mission, and implemented the work of evidence conversion, personnel handover and repatriation escort one by one, and successfully escorted 129 suspects back to China.

In the Criminal Investigation Bureau, Zhu Hengwen does both intelligence and investigation. Since 2016, he has led the police handling the case, sorted out and analyzed the fugitives in the province one by one, and fought continuously, taking the lead in organizing five "hurricane" special operations, and arrested 1,340 fugitives through intelligence research, including 61 fugitives who have fled for many years. A number of unjust cases and accumulated cases have been solved.

"After these’ hurricanes’ concentrated pursuit operations, Guangdong online fugitives achieved the first decline since 2011." Liang Ruiguo said.

Zhu Hengwen also led the development of several important systems, such as Guangdong Criminal Investigation Information Professional Application System, Guangdong Electronic Record System, and Guangdong Criminal Crime Analysis System. In the past three years, the province’s public security organs have successfully detected more than 80,000 cases, destroyed 1,236 criminal gangs and arrested 5,562 suspects through the above-mentioned system.

In 2017, Zhu Hengwen served as the secretary and head of the Party branch of the Information Center of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Provincial Public Security Department, and created a number of national firsts in just over a year. He promoted the establishment of a "four-in-one" intelligence research and judgment platform, destroyed more than 500 criminal gangs, cracked 9859 cases of robbery and fraud, and recovered property losses of more than 21 million yuan for the masses.

This year, he also led the intelligence center to study the construction of "smart new investigation". In just one month, he developed many APPlications such as Guangdong criminal technology APPlication app and visual intelligent investigation app.

For the online application of these platforms, Zhu Hengwen works more than 16 hours on average every day, which is his normal work.

【 Anti-gang Force 】

A tip-off, digging up extra-large cross-border gangs involved in gangs.

Working hard in the front line of criminal investigation all the year round, Zhu Hengwen often has to face all kinds of complex crime types, judge and explore all kinds of criminal clues, including crimes involving black and evil with high risk factor and high difficulty.

In June 2017, the Criminal Intelligence Research Center of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Provincial Public Security Department received a clue from detainees. Zhu Heng Wen keenly started from this obscure clue and worked for 48 hours continuously, successfully digging out a large cross-border criminal gang. In January 2018, he went deep into the front line and organized the plan formulation, organization and command, on-site arrest and trial digging. After more than 30 hours of fighting day and night, the task force successfully captured a group of criminal suspects.

At the beginning of this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council deployed a special campaign to eliminate evils throughout the country. Zhu Hengwen immediately responded to the call and took advantage of his intelligence work to start with the pursuit. He organized the research and development of the illegal information platform in Guangdong Province, which has become a great weapon for Guangdong public security to eliminate evils.

Just after the Spring Festival in 2018, he organized the police in the intelligence center to sort out the information of fugitives in the province, identified 1,351 target fugitives from the information of more than 20,000 fugitives, and organized the "Hurricane No.1" and "Hurricane No.2" in the province from March 1 to April 15, and went deep into Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Zhongshan and other arrest lines to jointly study and formulate arrest plans with the police, and organize and direct the arrest operations on the spot.

As of April 15th, 669 target fugitives have been captured in the two special pursuit operations. After the action that night, he told his wife that he would take his elderly parents to the hospital in a few days and have a reunion dinner with the elderly.

However, the next day he hurried back to the unit and once again devoted himself to the arrest. Six days later, on April 16th, he went to Zhuhai to participate in an investigation.

At this moment, days of fatigue defeated the tough guy. He fell on the way to the case.

[Remembrance]

A good policeman, brother, comrade-in-arms, leader and father.

"There are too many regrets on the road ahead, and losing a good brother, a good comrade-in-arms and a good leader is one of the most painful ones." Deng Guodong posted such a paragraph in a circle of friends.

At the farewell ceremony of the body, his colleagues before his death, the old policemen who are used to life and death scenes, couldn’t help crying goodbye.

Zhu Hengwen’s wife is also a policeman. When the couple are busy, no one cares about their son. My son is about to take the senior high school entrance examination. As long as he has time, Zhu Hengwen will take the time to cook a table of his favorite meals for his son.

"He said in a proud tone, I cooked something for my son, and he ate it all." Colleague Li Yongjian recalled.

Liang Ruiguo told reporters that Zhu Hengwen’s son has a particularly good relationship with him. Sometimes Hengwen is too tired to work overtime and wants to have a rest when he goes back. My son wants to talk to him and doesn’t want to disturb his rest, so he moves a small stool and sits in front of the bed and looks at him.

On April 25th, the son who had just finished the entrance examination learned the news of his father’s death. In the mourning hall, the 15-year-old son comforted his mother: "I will take good care of my mother, take good care of the elderly in both families, and take good care of my relatives on both sides. I will study hard, become a useful person and carry on my father’s legacy.

[Profile]

Zhu Hengwen, male, Han nationality, born in August 1973, party member, CPC, graduated from Chinese People’s Public Security University with a bachelor’s degree in public security and political work in 1995; From July 1995 to March 1999, he worked in the supervision room of Guangdong Provincial Public Security Bureau; From March 1999 to May 2010, he worked in the Personnel Department of the Political Department of Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department, and served as deputy section chief and section chief successively; From July 2007 to December 2008, he served as deputy director of Huiyang District Branch of Huizhou Public Security Bureau; From May 2010 to May 2013, he worked in the Anti-Terrorism Office of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department as the deputy director; Since May 2013, he has worked in the Criminal Countermeasures Department of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department, and served as deputy director (head of the Criminal Intelligence Research Center).

Since my work, I have been awarded a personal second class merit, a third class merit and a personal commendation for three times, and won the title of outstanding Communist party member of directly under the authority Committee of Guangdong Provincial Public Security Bureau.

On April 16, 2018, during a business trip to Zhuhai to organize an investigation project, Comrade Zhu Heng suffered a sudden cerebral hemorrhage. He died unfortunately at 11 o’clock on April 18 after being rescued, and died in the line of duty.

　　【Endeavor, New Journey, New Era and Extraordinary Decade】

　　[Ten-year answer sheet]

　　Guangming Daily reporter Qiu Yue

　　Social security can guarantee people’s basic income and basic medical care in old age, unemployment, illness, work injury and childbirth, and relieve people’s worries. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that social security is the basic institutional guarantee for safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood, maintaining social equity and enhancing people’s well-being, an important institutional arrangement for promoting economic and social development and realizing the broad masses of the people to share the fruits of reform and development, and a major issue for governing the country and safeguarding the country.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reform of China’s social security system has been the strongest and the fastest. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we have focused on enhancing fairness, adapting to mobility and ensuring sustainability, and made overall plans to promote the construction of a fair, unified and sustainable social security system covering the whole people, coordinating urban and rural areas, with remarkable achievements.

　　Recently, the 24-hour social insurance self-service hall in Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong Province was opened, and citizens handled related business in front of the social security self-service machine set up in the hall. Xinhua news agency

　　　1. The coverage is constantly expanding.

　　In September, the weather is slightly cool, and the old village on the north bank of Miyun Reservoir in Beijing welcomes the most beautiful season of the year. In this village with many long-lived elderly people, the "junior" Lao Song, who just turned 60, has started to receive a pension.

　　Lao Song is an out-and-out farmer. In 2009, Beijing introduced the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents on the basis of new rural insurance and urban residence insurance. It was also from this year that Lao Song began to participate in endowment insurance. By March of this year, Lao Song had completed the 15-year collection standard at one time.

　　"I can have the same old-age security as people in the city. I didn’t even think about it before." At the thought of the pension that arrives on time every month, he smiles from ear to ear. "The staff in the town give me a very clear calculation. I pay according to the highest standard of 9,000 yuan every year, and I also enjoy government subsidies. Now there are more than 130,000 yuan in my personal pension account. In the future, I will receive a personal pension of more than 980 yuan per month, plus a basic pension of 887 yuan, which will be more than 1,800 yuan. "

　　The story of Lao Song is just a microcosm of the reform of the national endowment insurance. In the past ten years, people have witnessed the trajectory of the old-age insurance in become a butterfly.

　　Jong Li, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that in the past ten years, China has carried out the top-level design of endowment insurance and introduced the overall plan for the reform of endowment insurance system; Unified the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, forming two basic old-age insurance system platforms for urban workers and urban and rural residents; Implemented the reform of the endowment insurance system of government agencies and institutions, and realized the integration with the enterprise endowment insurance system; Introduced the basic old-age insurance fund investment management measures, and carried out market-oriented investment operations; The central adjustment system of enterprise endowment insurance funds has been established, and the provincial-level overall planning of endowment insurance has been fully realized. At present, the national overall planning of endowment insurance is being implemented. The occupational annuity system was established, and the personal pension system was introduced, which filled the gap of multi-level and multi-pillar pension insurance system.

　　In the past ten years, focusing on the bottom line, weaving dense nets and building mechanisms, we have promoted the full coverage, basic protection, multi-level and sustainable development of social security, made important breakthroughs in the reform of social security system, and the coverage has been continuously expanded. The number of people participating in the three social insurances of basic pension, unemployment and work injury has increased from 790 million, 150 million and 190 million respectively in 2012 to 1.04 billion in June 2022. The basic medical insurance covers 1.36 billion people, and the participation rate remains above 95%.

　　"In the past ten years, China’s social security system has entered the fast lane. Through unremitting efforts, it has built a social security system with distinctive China characteristics, the largest scale in the world and complete functions." Jong Li said.

　　Residents consult and go through the formalities in the Medical Insurance Office of the First Hospital of Sanming City, Fujian Province. Xinhua news agency

　　2. The level of social security benefits has been continuously improved.

　　In Yujiafu Community, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, there is an old man named Li Xiufang. She has been dealing with fields and crops all her life, and her work and time have left traces of time on her dark face. Many years ago, the rapid development of cities included neighboring villages. Li Xiufang also lived in a new house, but she was used to working every day and living on the harvest in the field, and suddenly lost her land, which made her feel very helpless.

　　Fortunately, the implementation of a policy has brought a new beginning to life in Li Xiufang — — Chengdu has included all eligible land-expropriated farmers, including the elderly in Li Xiufang, into the coverage of old-age insurance, which not only solved their worries, but also improved their security level year by year.

　　"At the earliest time, my pension was seven or eight hundred yuan a month, so I didn’t have to worry about my daily life. I started dancing and climbing mountains with my sisters, so life was much more comfortable. Not to mention that the pension has been rising every year for so many years, and the pension that has just arrived this month has been nearly 2000 yuan a month! Not only do you usually spend enough for yourself, but you also have money to buy some delicious food for your grandchildren, save some money, and go out for a trip. " Li Xiufang said.

　　In the past ten years, adhering to the principle that the level of social security is compatible with economic development, China has steadily improved various social security benefits and effectively improved people’s living standards. Jong Li introduced that since 2012, China has continuously adjusted the basic pension for retirees of enterprises, institutions and institutions, and established and improved the mechanism for determining and reasonably adjusting the basic pension benefits, taking into account factors such as price changes, wage growth of employees, fund affordability and financial situation. Since 2014, the national basic pension standard for basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents has been raised four times.

　　Since 2012, the monthly per capita pension of enterprise retirees has increased from 1,686 yuan to 2,987 yuan, the monthly per capita pension of urban and rural residents has increased from 82 yuan to 179 yuan, the monthly average unemployment insurance premium has increased from 707 yuan to 1,585 yuan, and the monthly average industrial injury insurance disability allowance has increased from 1,864 yuan to about 4,000 yuan. At the same time, the guarantee capacity has been continuously enhanced. The accumulated balance of the three social insurance funds is 6.9 trillion yuan, the annual income and expenditure scale of the funds exceeds 13 trillion yuan, and the market-oriented investment and operation funds exceed 8 trillion yuan.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, especially since the establishment of the National Health Insurance Bureau in 2018, residents’ medical insurance benefits have become higher and higher, and the scope of reimbursement has become wider and wider. At present, the participation rate of China’s basic medical insurance is stable at over 95%, and the proportion of hospitalization expenses within the scope of employee medical insurance and resident medical insurance policies is about 80% and 70% respectively. The annual income and expenditure of the fund are over 2 trillion yuan, benefiting more than 4 billion people to seek medical treatment, which has played an important role in solving the problem of expensive medical treatment, supporting the development of medical and health undertakings, maintaining social stability and promoting common prosperity.

　　　3. The management service level has been significantly improved.

　　The Pearl River enters the sea, and a bridge connects the three places. At one end of the bridge, Mr. Li, a Macao resident, grew up at home, and at this end of the bridge — — Zhuhai, Guangdong, is his home with a residence permit. In 2020, 59-year-old Mr. Li learned through the media in Zhuhai and Macao that unemployed Macao residents with Zhuhai residence permits can participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Zhuhai, and went through the relevant insurance procedures in Zhuhai.

　　In January, 2021, Mr. Li saw in the news that the affiliated outlets of the Macao Federation of Trade Unions could handle the social security-related business in Zhuhai, so he went to the agency to understand and handle the wholesale payment and pension application business of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance in Zhuhai. Within two working days, Zhuhai Social Insurance Fund Management Center received Mr. Li’s application materials handed over by Macau Federation of Trade Unions, and "packaged" its endowment insurance for urban and rural residents and pension application business. "You can receive social security benefits from Zhuhai in Macao, and you have completed all the business at your doorstep. Thanks for such a good policy and praise for the intimate social security service!" He couldn’t help sighing.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the framework of national policies, China has successively introduced policies such as holding permanent residence permits for foreigners and participating in the residence permits for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents, which has made more strangers feel at home. Mr. Li’s story is just the tip of the iceberg for the remarkable improvement of China’s social security management service level.

　　In the past ten years, more than 5,400 social security agencies at or above the county level have been established around recording, guaranteeing and serving a lifetime. A five-level social security management service network has basically taken shape, the national social insurance public service platform has been put into operation, and the level of standardization, standardization and informatization of management services has been significantly improved. It is more convenient and fast to handle social security affairs for the masses nearby, online and quickly. The national medical insurance settlement network for medical treatment in different places has been basically completed, and cross-provincial reimbursement for medical treatment in different places has been implemented.

　　By the end of June 2022, the number of social security card holders exceeded 1.36 billion, of which the number of electronic social security card recipients exceeded 575 million. The cumulative number of visits to the national social insurance public service platform has exceeded 3.6 billion, which facilitates the people to run it across provinces and through one network. The national social insurance public service platform opened 52 national and cross-regional social security public services, with a cumulative number of visits exceeding 3 billion.

　　It seems to be the most extraordinary, but it is easy but hard to achieve. In the past ten years, from Tiannan to Haibei, from urban to rural areas, China has established the social security system with the largest coverage in the world by implementing the universal enrollment plan and accurately promoting the enrollment of key groups. The coverage of social security has been continuously expanded, the benefits have been steadily improved, the support capacity has been continuously enhanced, and the service level has been significantly improved … … This increasingly woven social security net has helped the people to have a stable happiness.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 5 th: Achieving Three "Consistency" and Creating a New Situation in Business — — Interpretation of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the opening ceremony of the seminar on studying and implementing the spirit of the 19th Party Congress.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhu Jichai, Rong Qihan and Luo Zhengguang

　　"We should stick to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics consistently, promote the new great project of Party building consistently, enhance the sense of hardship and guard against risks and challenges consistently".

　　On the 5th, a seminar for new members of the Central Committee, alternate members and leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels to study and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and the spirit of the 19th Party Congress was held at the Central Party School. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attended and delivered an important speech, using three "consistency", and put forward fundamental guidelines for opening a new era and a new situation in Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause at a new and higher starting point.

　　Adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics consistently.

　　When meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists in the 19th CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said that the Communist Party of China (CPC) could lead the people to carry out great social revolution and self-revolution.

　　At the opening ceremony, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era is the result and continuation of the great social revolution led by our party, which must be carried on consistently. Both history and reality tell us that it often takes a long historical process for a social revolution to win the final victory.

　　Xu Yaotong, a professor at the National School of Administration, said that the speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary brought Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era into the historical pedigree of the social revolution led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) with a profound historical vision, and explained its internal relations in the same strain.

　　Since its birth, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has led the people of China to create one miracle after another, from leading the new democratic revolution to developing the socialist revolution and then carrying out the new great revolution of reform and opening up.

　　"Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the cause of the party and the country has made historic achievements and undergone historic changes, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. The new era is also a new stage. It is in the same strain and innovative development with those revolutions in the past. It is naturally the result and continuation of the great social revolution led by the party. " Xu Yaotong said.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that Socialism with Chinese characteristics did not fall from the sky, but came from the great practice of 40 years of reform and opening up, from the continuous exploration of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC) for nearly 70 years, from the practice of our party leading the people in the great social revolution for 97 years, from the historical process of the Chinese nation from decline to prosperity for more than 170 years in modern times, from the inheritance and development of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years, and from the hardships of the party and the people.

　　He also pointed out that the success of scientific socialism in China is of great significance to Marxism, scientific socialism and world socialism.

　　"The speech of the General Secretary shows a grand historical vision, a world vision and an era vision." Xin Ming, a professor at the Central Party School, said that in the history of mankind, socialism is a brand-new social form, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics is an unprecedented pioneering undertaking. It was founded in the revolution and must continue to develop in the revolution, with different characteristics in different historical stages.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the most fundamental thing for the Party to realize its historical mission in the new era is to hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　"The flag determines the road, and the road determines the fate." Xin Ming said that Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, which has further strengthened our "four self-confidences" and inspired our fighting spirit to continue along this correct path.

　　How to push Socialism with Chinese characteristics forward in the new era? General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward clear requirements for all Party comrades — —

　　"Comrades of the whole party must maintain the revolutionary spirit and fighting spirit, and have the courage to carry forward the great social revolution that our party led the people for 97 years. We must never be proud of victory, never slack off because of achievements, and never retreat because of difficulties, and strive to make Socialism with Chinese characteristics show a stronger and more convincing force of truth."

　　"A great cause needs a great revolutionary spirit." Xin Ming said that to maintain the revolutionary spirit and fighting spirit, in the final analysis, it is necessary for the whole party to always maintain a never-ending mental state and an indomitable struggle posture. Only in this way can the great revolution be carried through to the end.

　　The new great project of promoting party building should be consistent.

　　Throughout ancient and modern times, the self-revolution of the rulers of no era is so profound; Looking at the world, no political party manages the party so strictly.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that it is the most distinctive character of our party to be brave in self-revolution and strictly manage the party, and strictly manage the party in an all-round way will always be on the road.

　　From putting forward the "great project" of party building in the revolutionary war years, to putting forward the "new great project" of party building in the reform and opening up period, and then further promoting the comprehensive and strict management of the party after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, consistent party building is an important magic weapon for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to win.

　　Looking around at our new historical position, the task of building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is arduous, and the factors affecting the party’s advanced nature and purity always exist. The "four major tests" are long-term and complex, and the "four dangers" are sharp and severe.

　　"Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and our party must have a new atmosphere and new actions." In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, hit the floor, the supreme leader’s general secretary, put forward the general requirements for party building in the new era and made a strategic plan for the comprehensive and strict management of the party to develop in depth.

　　At the seminar, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader particularly emphasized that in order to carry out the great social revolution of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era well, our Party must be brave in self-revolution and make it stronger.

　　Zhuang Deshui, deputy director of the Research Center for the Construction of a Clean Government in Peking University, said that to build the Party stronger in the new era, it is inseparable from enhancing the systematicness, creativity and effectiveness of comprehensively and strictly administering the Party, and it is necessary to consolidate the foundation and cultivate the yuan while pioneering and innovating, and to grasp key points and form an overall situation.

　　To strictly manage the party in an all-round way, we must first strictly manage the officials, and the key is to manage the "key minority".

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly pointed out that "it is very important to build a big party like us and lead a big country like us."

　　On October 27th, 2017, two important documents — — "Several Provisions of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee on Strengthening and Maintaining the Centralized and Unified Leadership of the CPC Central Committee" and "Detailed Rules for Implementing the Eight Provisions of the Central Committee in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee". "This clearly shows that the comprehensive and strict administration of the party should take the lead from the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, and leading cadres at all levels take the initiative to align themselves, and demonstrations at all levels form a lead." Zhuang Deshui said.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the requirement of "five excellent points" for "key minority" — — Excellent faith, politics, responsibility, ability and style.

　　"These five excellent points are crucial to maintaining the mental state of long-term struggle and are the basic qualities that the rulers of Marxist political parties must possess." Xin Ming analyzed that "five excellent points" are closely linked and indispensable. The "key minority" must first have firm ideals and beliefs, and the political direction will not go wrong. Responsibility means taking responsibility, and taking responsibility must be capable. It is not enough to have strong light energy, but also must have a good style.

　　"We should strengthen moral cultivation", "Be mindful and stop doing things" and "Take an honest and clean life as the first level" … … General Secretary of the Supreme Leader earnestly warned in his speech.

　　"Leading cadres should not only obey other laws, but also strengthen self-discipline, and get used to working and living in a supervised and constrained environment." Zhuang Deshui said that strictly administering the party in an all-round way is like a "melting pot", and only cadres who can stand the test can shoulder the historical mission.

　　It is necessary to enhance the sense of hardship and guard against risks and challenges consistently.

　　"The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation can never be achieved easily. The whole party must be prepared to make more arduous and arduous efforts. " In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Supreme Leader General Secretary warned all party member in this way.

　　At this seminar, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once again profoundly warned that the road ahead cannot be smooth sailing. The more achievements are made, the more cautious they must be, the more they must be prepared for danger in times of peace, and they must never make strategic and subversive mistakes.

　　"A strong sense of urgency and risk is the consistent logic of the Supreme Leader General Secretary." Liu Dongchao, a professor at the National School of Administration, said.

　　In the "July 1st" speech celebrating the 95th anniversary of the founding of the Party, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader warned the whole Party that it should always be ready to meet major challenges, resist major risks, overcome major obstacles and resolve major contradictions. In the important speech of "July 26" in 2017, he proposed for the first time to resolutely fight the tough battle of preventing and resolving major risks, accurately getting rid of poverty and preventing pollution.

　　Liu Dongchao pointed out that all party member cadres, especially the senior leading cadres of the Party, must always keep in mind these risks and challenges repeatedly reminded by the Supreme Leader General Secretary. 2018 is the first year after the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. While we are full of confidence in building Socialism with Chinese characteristics in a new era, we should not be blindly optimistic. We should accurately grasp China’s current development situation and its development stage and remain sober and calm.

　　Experts pointed out that at present, from the domestic situation, the task of reform and development is still arduous, the problem of insufficient imbalance in development is still outstanding, and economic and social risks are on the rise; From the external environment, the international situation is still complicated and the surrounding environment is increasingly complex and sensitive. While the China model and the China road are highly concerned by the world, some countries’ misjudgments and unfavorable interference in China’s development test our wisdom and ability to cope.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that we should not only have the first hand to prevent risks, but also have ingenious ways to deal with and resolve risk challenges; It is necessary not only to fight a well-prepared battle to prevent and resist risks, but also to fight a strategic active battle to turn crises into opportunities.

　　He who travels a hundred miles is half ninety.

　　Today, it is less than three years before building a well-off society in an all-round way. From the 19th National Congress to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it is the historical intersection of the goal of "two hundred years". We should not only build a well-off society in an all-round way and achieve the goal of the first century, but also start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is not easy to be prepared for danger in times of peace when you are successful, and to maintain the mental state of making great efforts in the early days of starting a business. It is not easy to be frugal and restrained after taking power, and it is not easy to be strict with officials, prevent corrosion and refrain from extravagance during the period of peace-keeping, and it is not easy to conform to the trend and the people’s hearts at the critical juncture of major changes.

　　"Don’t boast of good color, just leave the air full of dry Kun. To solve the problem of China, we can only explore our own roads and methods on the land of China, and we must use development methods to solve the problems that arise in development. " Liu Dongchao said: General Secretary of the Supreme Leader explicitly asked the party’s senior leading cadres to devote themselves to their work in the spirit of seizing every minute. Only in this way can the whole party and the people of all nationalities be urged to unify their thoughts with the spirit of the 19th Party Congress, concentrate their efforts on achieving the goals and tasks set by the 19th Party Congress, and constantly open up a new situation in Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause in the new era.

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　　China Economic Net, Beijing, April 28 According to the website of the Ministry of Supervision of CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, from October 30 to December 30, 2015, the Sixth Inspection Team of the Central Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Central Inspection Team) conducted a special inspection of the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the People’s Bank). On January 31, 2016, the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work gave feedback to the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China. According to the relevant provisions of the "Regulations on Patrol Work in the Communist Party of China (CPC)", the patrol rectification situation is now released.

　　I. General situation

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China attaches great importance to the patrol feedback. After the feedback meeting on the special inspection, Comrade Zhou Xiaochuan, secretary of the Party Committee and president, immediately presided over a party committee to thoroughly study and understand the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on inspection work and the requirements of the central authorities for doing a good job in inspection and rectification, carefully study the feedback from the Central Inspection Team, deeply analyze the problems pointed out by the inspection, and deploy the inspection and rectification work for the whole system. Party committees at all levels in the People’s Bank of China system and leading cadres in party member are required to regard special inspection and rectification as a major political task at present and in the future, and earnestly assume the main responsibility of comprehensively administering the party strictly and implementing inspection and rectification with a high sense of responsibility and mission.

　　(1) The Party Committee attaches great importance to it.

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China has set up a special inspection and rectification work leading group, with Comrade Zhou Xiaochuan as the leader, Comrade Yi Gang and Comrade Wang Huaqing as the deputy heads, and other members of the Party Committee as members to lead the inspection and rectification work of the whole system in a unified way. Comrade Zhou Xiaochuan, as the party secretary, earnestly fulfilled the responsibility of the first responsible person. On February 5, February 23 and March 29, he presided over the party committees three times to rectify the relevant problems pointed out by the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work and seriously deal with the relevant responsible persons.

　　Comrade Zhou Xiaochuan and members of the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China presided over four special meetings, interviewed the responsible persons of relevant units individually for many times, listened to the report on the implementation of rectification, and reviewed the implementation of rectification of problems pointed out by the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work item by item to ensure that "all articles should be rectified and all pieces should be settled".

　　On March 29th, Comrade Zhou Xiaochuan presided over the special democratic life meeting of the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China, deeply analyzed the problems found in the inspection, seriously carried out criticism and self-criticism, and further implemented the rectification measures. According to the deployment of the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China, relevant departments, directly affiliated enterprises and institutions, relevant units and branches also held special democratic life meetings to implement the rectification requirements of the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work and the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China.

　　(2) Strictly implement responsibilities.

　　After careful study and deliberation by the Party Committee, the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China issued the Work Plan for the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work to patrol the People’s Bank of China, making it clear that all units are responsible for rectification, and the units clearly pointed out by the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work are the key responsible departments for rectification. It is required that all units should set up a leading group for special inspection and rectification, and the main person in charge of each unit is the first responsible person for rectification, and make a detailed rectification plan according to the problems pointed out by the inspection. The leaders in charge and the members of the office of the leading group for special inspection and rectification work shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, strengthen the supervision and guidance of the responsible departments for rectification, and ensure that the inspection and rectification work is paid close attention to and effective.

　　Members of the Office of the Leading Group for Special Inspection and Rectification of the People’s Bank of China shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, strictly review and check the rectification plan and implementation submitted by each unit, and resolutely urge them to make rectification again if they do not meet the requirements or the rectification measures are false and not in place. Member units have held several meetings to study key rectification issues, strictly and uniformly rectify standards, and urge relevant units to effectively rectify in place. The rectification guidance department and the stationed discipline inspection team will strengthen supervision and inspection and follow-up supervision of the rectification work of each unit. Establish a general ledger for rectification work, list detailed problem lists, task lists and responsibility lists, and implement them one by one.

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China has also adjusted and set up an inter-departmental enterprise management committee, a sub-branch work coordination committee and an international affairs committee, which are under the responsibility of the leaders of the branch in charge, designated the lead departments and relevant functional departments to participate, conducted research and coordination on major issues involving enterprises, institutions, branches and international affairs, and further improved relevant management mechanisms.

　　(3) Centralized special rectification

　　During the stationing of the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work, the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China organized a special self-inspection and rectification on the collection of party fees, office space, car allocation and housing violations. According to the feedback from the Central Inspection Team, the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China deployed the whole system to focus on the investigation and payment of party dues, the special clean-up of office buildings, car allocation and housing violations, the illegal construction of buildings and halls, the indiscriminate payment of salary subsidies, public funds to eat and drink, and the use of training centers for extravagant enjoyment.

　　The special clean-up and rectification work was organized under the unified leadership of the leading group for special inspection and rectification work of the People’s Bank of China, and all units earnestly enhanced their political awareness of being responsible for the party and earnestly performed their duties. As the first responsible person, the "top leaders" of each unit define the rectification measures, implement the rectification responsibilities, limit the rectification time limit, and establish the rectification account. Strictly implement the discipline of special clean-up and rectification work, ensure that the investigation problems of special clean-up and rectification are true and complete, and the special clean-up and rectification work will not be delayed. Deeply analyze the root causes of the problems, and take the attitude of strict grasp, strict reform and strict accountability, and never let go of the problems, and never let go of the rectification. Those who resort to deceit, conceal and fail to report, and those who fail to carry out rectification as required, will be dealt with severely. In the process of special clean-up and rectification, violations of discipline and discipline against the wind are found together, investigated and dealt with together, and will never be tolerated. Each unit takes the special clean-up and rectification as an opportunity to combine it with strengthening daily supervision and management and internal control mechanism construction to establish a long-term mechanism for standardized management.

　　Second, the rectification of the feedback from the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work

　　In response to the feedback from the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work, the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China carefully formulated measures to do a good job in rectification, and formulated a total of 268 rectification measures. As of March 30, 2016, 119 rectifications have been completed; The remaining 149 items are being rectified. Among them, 38 items are planned to be rectified by the end of June 2016, 53 items are planned to be rectified by the end of December 2016, 5 items are planned to be rectified by the end of December 2017, 51 items need to be rectified for a long time, and 2 items will be rectified immediately after the approval of the central government.

　　(1) The rectification of the problem of "weakening the leadership of the party and failing to strictly manage the party in an all-round way"

　　First, adhere to the above rates and do a good job of demonstration and guidance. At the democratic life meeting of the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China, the team members took the initiative to report matters related to personal housing, car use, spouses and children, and asked the democratic life meetings of various departments to be in line with the Party Committee. The members of the team found and analyzed the performance of strictly administering the party’s main responsibility, promoting the building of a clean and honest party style and anti-corruption work, and put forward improvement measures to continuously strengthen their awareness of the main responsibility of party building. Team members strictly implement the dual organizational life system of leading cadres, and participate in the democratic life meeting of the branch where they are in charge or organizational relations as ordinary party member, with a total of 19 person-times, and put forward strict requirements for the leadership of departments and bureaus to "dare to grasp", "dare to manage" and "dare to take responsibility".

　　Second, in accordance with strict requirements, we should implement the responsibility of managing the party from the aspects of ideological understanding, system construction, inner-party life and discipline. Strengthen the ideological and political construction of leading bodies and strengthen the awareness of managing the party. Strengthen the study management of the central group, inform the central group of party committees (party groups) at all levels in the People’s Bank of China system about their study, enhance their political awareness, overall awareness, core awareness and conformity awareness, and consciously become "sensible people" politically. Strictly manage the party by system, improve the working mechanism of party building, give full play to the role of the leading group of party building work of the People’s Bank of China, and transfer the overall responsibility of strictly administering the party’s main body to party organizations and responsible persons at all levels, forming a pattern of party building work that is linked up and down, responsible at all levels, interlocking and implemented together. The People’s Bank of China has comprehensively carried out the evaluation and assessment of party building work, continuously optimized the quantitative assessment system of party building, and established the orientation of "doing a good job in party building is the greatest political achievement". Strict inner-party life and create a good political ecology. Explore the establishment of leading cadres’ democratic life before the meeting, attend the meeting, report after the meeting, analyze and summarize the system, strengthen the supervision and guidance of all links, ensure the quality of democratic life, and play its role as a platform for education and management of party member and party spirit training. Strict discipline and rules, in accordance with the requirements of putting discipline and rules ahead, comprehensively popularize and apply the anti-corruption risk prevention and control system, regularly check risk points at different levels, strengthen the restriction and supervision of power and capital operation, and initially establish an internal control mechanism for business departments to implement supervision responsibilities and discipline inspection departments to implement re-supervision. Carry outMy bottom line, my rules, everyone talks about "special activities, organizes special organization life meetings to study and implement the two laws and regulations within the party, and bureau-level cadres take the lead in learning and communication. Party member cadres’ awareness of discipline and rules has been significantly enhanced, and a good habit of respecting discipline, observing rules and defending the system has gradually taken shape.

　　The third is to take practical measures to solve problems, prevent risks and fill shortcomings around the issues raised in the patrol feedback on macro-control, internet finance, financial supervision and coordination, organizational structure and overall planning of party building. In-depth research, listen to the opinions and suggestions of all parties, strengthen the analysis of economic and financial situation, innovate monetary policy tools, fully demonstrate the proposed policies, and further enhance the scientific, effective and forward-looking nature of monetary policy and macro-control. Actively respond to the concerns of all parties, reasonably guide public opinion and market expectations, and further improve the recognition and credibility of monetary policy. Members of the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China explained China’s monetary policy and macro-control intentions through international conferences, international financial exchange and cooperation platforms, actively participated in the coordination of international economic and financial policies, the reform of the international financial system and the formulation of rules, issued the "China Voice" and actively promoted the adoption of the "China Opinions". Strengthen the supervision and management of new financial formats such as Internet finance. Give full play to the leading role of the lead unit of the financial supervision and coordination mechanism. Actively promote the reform of branch management system. Strengthen the classified guidance of party building work, sort out, refine and standardize the party building work system and workflow of the People’s Bank of China, and improve the institutionalized, systematic and scientific level of party building work. The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China will continue to be problem-oriented, adhere to the above rate according to the characteristics of the vertical management of the Party building work of the People’s Bank of China, and truly realize the goal of grasping organs, bringing systems and promoting grassroots,Comprehensively improve the overall effectiveness of the people’s bank of China in managing the party.

　　(2) The rectification of the problem of "the implementation of the main responsibility is not in place and the grassroots party building is weak"

　　First, strictly implement the responsibility system for party building work and strengthen the main responsibility of party committees (party groups). Adhere to the strict management of the party, ideological party building, and institutional party building, concentrate on party building, and be responsible for defending the soil, defending the soil and being responsible for it; Implement the responsibility of the first responsible person of the party Committee (party group) secretary and the responsibility of "one post and two responsibilities" for the members of the party Committee (party group). Improve and perfect the appraisal system for party building. Quantitatively assess the Party Secretary’s research and deployment of Party building work, the staffing situation of full-time and part-time Party workers in internal institutions and the scheduled change of positions, and the protection of active positions in party member.

　　The second is to seriously carry out political life within the party. According to the relevant requirements of the central government, we will formulate specific measures for the democratic life meeting of leading cadres in party member of the People’s Bank of China in a timely manner, further strictly implement the system of dual organization life meetings throughout the system, strive to improve the quality of democratic life meetings and organizational life meetings, and effectively use the weapons of criticism and self-criticism. Formulate guidelines for the standardization of activity rooms in party member, and take the activity room in party member as the carrier to promote the standardized implementation of the rules and regulations of inner-party life such as "three meetings and one lesson", party spirit analysis and democratic appraisal.

　　Third, through the normalization of basic management work and work style construction, the grass-roots party building work will be promoted to a new level. Formulate guiding opinions on strengthening grassroots party building work and improve the establishment of party organizations in directly affiliated enterprises and institutions. Matching and strengthening the leaders of grassroots party organizations, enriching the carrier and form of grassroots party building work. Do a good job in the daily education management in party member, sum up the good experience of using the mass line education practice activities and the "three strictness and three realities" special education style construction, do a good job in rectifying and implementing the lax and untrue problems identified by party committees (party groups) at all levels, and combine the "two studies and one work" study and education to grasp the style construction to the end. Strengthen the management of the party organizations of expatriates and overseas institutions by organizing education before departure, strengthening theoretical study, and participating in daily and special organization life.

　　(3) rectification of the problem of "irregular payment of party dues"

　　First, the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China held a special meeting to study and deploy the rectification work of party dues collection, clarify the responsible departments, and complete the rectification task within a time limit. We have formulated a work plan for the investigation and payment of party dues in the People’s Bank of China system, and organized all units in the People’s Bank of China to carefully clean up, standardize and rectify the management of party dues collection in recent years.

　　Second, the investigation and payment of party dues should be regarded as an important part of strengthening the education management in party member and strengthening the organizational concept and discipline concept in party member, and the party organizations at all levels and all party member should be urged to earnestly fulfill their due obligations of paying party dues. Strictly contrast with party constitution and relevant regulations, make clear the time period of investigation, define the payment standard of party dues, organize party organizations at all levels of the People’s Bank of China to conduct investigation on the collection of party dues, comprehensively account the amount of party dues that party member did not pay in full according to the regulations during the investigation period, carefully analyze the reasons for missing payment, and deeply reflect.

　　The third is to fully recover the party fees that have not been paid according to regulations. Except for some party member who died, retired party member who lived in different places, and party member, who lost contact, who failed to pay the dues in time, the dues have been paid in place. At present, party member, who lost contact, is still being contacted to find out, and the recovery of party dues is continuing, and the party dues are paid to the Central Organization Department and the Central State Organs Working Committee in accordance with the prescribed proportion.

　　By rectifying the irregular payment of party dues, party organizations at all levels have earnestly fulfilled the provisions on the collection of party dues, and members of leading bodies at all levels have deeply reflected on the lax management of the party. party member’s consciousness and party spirit have been strengthened, the level of party work has been improved, and the basic work system of party building has been continuously improved. In the next step, we will continue to improve the internal control system of party dues collection and improve the supervision and inspection mechanism of party dues collection.

　　(four) the rectification of the problem of "the spirit of the eight central regulations is not strictly implemented"

　　In view of the problems pointed out by the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work that the working and living conditions of leading cadres in some subordinate enterprises and institutions of the People’s Bank of China are in violation of regulations in disguise, public funds, gifts, eating and drinking are repeatedly prohibited, the projects of buildings, halls and museums have been completely transformed, and salary subsidies have been paid under various pretexts, the People’s Bank of China has seriously carried out special clean-up and special rectification, and mainly adopted the following measures:

　　The first is to carry out special rectification of "public funds to eat and drink" and the use of training centers for extravagant enjoyment. Formulate a special rectification plan, organize the establishment of a "negative list" according to the key problems found in the inspection, strictly investigate the problems of "eating and drinking with public funds" and using the training center for extravagant enjoyment in accordance with the principle of "strict requirements, practical measures and quick implementation", and urge relevant responsible units to pay close attention to rectification. For the expenses of eating and drinking illegal public funds, the responsible person has cleared the expenses that should be paid by individuals for illegal reimbursement, and has been severely dealt with according to regulations. The relevant units have cancelled the reserve fund system, refunded the expenses in violation of regulations, criticized, educated and talked to the responsible persons, and some responsible persons have been given disciplinary sanctions. According to the relevant regulations of the central government, improve the management system of official reception, establish an audit mechanism with clear rights and responsibilities and strict procedures, and eradicate the problem of "eating and drinking with public funds" and using the training center for extravagant enjoyment from the source.

　　The second is to organize and carry out special rectification of "new buildings, halls and venues" throughout the system. We have earnestly implemented the spirit of "it is strictly forbidden to build new buildings and halls for any reason" by the central government, and have stopped building projects related to illegal buildings and halls, and given disciplinary sanctions to those responsible. The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China will further improve the system according to relevant laws and regulations, standardize the management of capital construction, and ensure that the central ban order is prohibited and not discounted.

　　The third is to carry out the "special clean-up of office space, car allocation and housing violations". In strict accordance with the 2014 standards for the construction of office buildings of party and government organs and the central government’s notice on further cleaning and rectification of office buildings, on the basis of cleaning and rectification of office buildings, the cleaning and rectification efforts were further intensified, and relevant responsible persons were interviewed and informed criticism was held, and rectification was carried out by means of engineering transformation. At the same time, in strict accordance with the relevant policies and regulations of the central and local governments, the management of housing and car allocation has been strengthened, which has effectively solved the problems of unclear housing use status of employees, unclear base, chaotic distribution management, and car allocation and use by leading cadres in violation of regulations. At present, problems such as excessive office space and illegal car allocation have been rectified in accordance with relevant standards, and the rectification of "illegal housing" has also achieved phased results and is being completed. During the rectification, the relevant systems for office space and housing management were also formulated and improved, and preparations were made for the reform of the official car system, and the key units responsible for rectification were urged to improve the long-term mechanism.

　　Fourth, follow the principle of "comprehensive improvement, simultaneous rectification and construction, and focus on prevention" to standardize salary subsidies. Earnestly carry out special rectification of illegal payment of salary subsidies, thoroughly investigate the payment amount, name and basis of each salary subsidy item by item, and establish a list of tasks and responsibilities item by item, resolutely correct the problem of illegal payment of salary subsidies and return the non-compliant subsidies. By strictly implementing the salary management system for the heads of enterprises and related units directly under the People’s Bank of China and taking salary-limiting measures for the heads of institutions directly under the People’s Bank of China, the salary distribution of the heads will be further standardized and the salary gap will be reasonably controlled. According to the unified arrangements of the central government, the performance pay system for institutions directly under the People’s Bank of China will be implemented. Consolidate the results of solving the problem of mismatch between personnel funds and wages, and strengthen the management of personnel funds and wages. In the process of rectifying the problem of illegal payment of salary subsidies, all units seriously pursued accountability and dealt with relevant responsible persons. In the next step, we will continue to improve the salary management system and establish a long-term supervision mechanism to improve the scientific and normative income distribution.

　　(V) Rectification of the problem of "lax implementation of organizational discipline"

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China combined the rectification of feedback from the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work with the implementation of the central government’s decision-making arrangements on organization and personnel work, adhered to the problem orientation, deepened the rectification of problems, and made efforts to strengthen the implementation of organizational discipline system.

　　First, in accordance with the provisions of the "Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government" and in light of the actual situation of the People’s Bank of China, improve the selection and appointment of cadres. In accordance with the requirements of building a "learning-oriented, research-oriented, expert-oriented, pragmatic and pioneering" central bank cadre team, we will focus on deepening the reform of the cadre personnel system, reform and improve the cadre assessment mechanism, focus on the grassroots, lay a solid foundation, highlight the standards of "firm belief, serve the people, be diligent and pragmatic, dare to take responsibility, be honest and clean", adhere to the principle of being universally recognized by the masses, and establish a correct one.

　　The second is to comprehensively sort out the cadre appointment problems pointed out by the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work, deeply understand the post assessment, work performance and evaluation opinions of cadres and the masses, and comprehensively grasp the public sentiment and public opinion through multiple channels. The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China has convened many party committees to study the issue of cadre adjustment and allocation. According to the thorough investigation, post assessment, work performance and opinions of cadres and the masses, it has adjusted the teams of several departments, directly affiliated units and branches, strengthened the orientation of focusing on performance and the orientation recognized by the masses, and highlighted the leading and checking role of party organizations. Strictly implement the "Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government" and the central regulations on secretary management, civil servant transfer and overseas talent introduction, adhere to the cadre standards in the process of cadre selection, adhere to the principle of being recognized by the masses in all corners of the country, adhere to the correct orientation of employing people, expand the horizons of selecting and employing people, select and train cadres from multiple perspectives and ways, strengthen organizational checks, and take into account the growth of all kinds of cadres.

　　The third is to organize the screening of the employment situation of spouses and children of bureau-level cadres one by one, resolutely transfer them out in violation of the avoidance regulations, and resolutely clean up the illegal transfer. For those who do not violate the existing system regulations, leading cadres are also required to set an example, encourage and guide spouses and children to work outside the system, and at the same time pay attention to establishing a long-term mechanism. Resolutely rectify the problems found involving job avoidance. Access to the original deployment files, to verify whether there is no unified examination recruitment or unauthorized transfer. Those who have not been hired by the examination or transferred without approval will be resolutely cleaned up and rectified. Those who conceal or fail to report shall be dealt with severely, and the responsible person concerned shall be investigated for responsibility.

　　The fourth is to strictly implement the personal reporting system and resolutely safeguard the seriousness and authority of the system. Organize special training courses on personal reporting, convey the spirit of relevant documents, clarify standards and reiterate requirements. Urge leading cadres to carefully fill in personal reports on relevant matters. Do a good job in policy interpretation and work guidance, and urge all units to strictly grasp the standards and do a good job in verification and handling. Actively rectify and intensify the verification and handling of personal related matters reports. Cadres who did not truthfully report personal matters were severely dealt with. In the next step, combined with the adjustment of cadres and the investigation of reserve cadres, we will intensify the inspection and disposal of cadres who are selected for key spot checks and are to be promoted and reused, expand the scope of supervision and inspection, and promote the implementation of the system through strict handling.

　　The fifth is to classify by levels and actively digest and rectify the problem of over (high) cadres. The super (high) allocation of department-level cadres will be digested by stages and batches through peer exchanges, transfer to non-leadership positions, retirement and other means. The over-allocation of cadres at the department level shall be gradually digested and solved through transfer, exchange and adjustment of positions according to the needs of work and the allocation of positions.

　　The sixth is to carefully sort out and study to promote cadre exchanges. Comprehensively sort out the department-level cadres who have served for more than 5 years in the whole system, deeply analyze the post characteristics, employment conditions and rotation requirements of department-level cadres in different departments and institutions at different levels, and study and put forward the principles and ideas for strengthening the rotation exchange of cadres. In the same unit or department as the main leadership positions for 5 years, in principle, to communicate; Those who have been over 10 years must communicate. Strengthen supervision and inspection of the implementation of the cadre exchange system.

　　(six) the rectification of the problem of "lax supervision and restraint of power"

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China held a special meeting to thoroughly study the issue of strengthening power supervision and restraint, conducted a comprehensive investigation on the administrative examination and approval and fees involved in "business departments+",and demanded that all kinds of power transfer and disguised transfer be resolutely put an end to, adhere to the problem orientation, dig deep into the root causes of the problem, clarify relevant responsibilities, and effectively rectify the situation.

　　First, establish and improve the institutional arrangements for regulating the exercise of power. Fully listen to the opinions of commercial banks and related enterprises, strengthen personnel management, sort out business processes, and put an end to rent-seeking corruption. To further standardize the examination and approval behavior, it is strictly forbidden to continue to implement disguised examination and approval for the examination and approval items that have been cancelled, and it is not allowed to authorize or entrust enterprises and institutions to exercise the examination and approval power. A special enterprise management committee directly under it is responsible for the research and management of major issues involving enterprises and institutions. We will speed up the improvement of the charging management system of enterprises and institutions and standardize the charging behavior. Establish the management system of charging items, and strengthen the rationality demonstration and whole process supervision of the establishment and implementation of charging items. At the same time, taking the implementation of rectification as an opportunity, we will extend from solving superficial problems to solving deep-seated problems, from centralized rectification to normalized governance, promote system construction and accountability, and promote the healthy development of business work.

　　Second, strict access and supervision of payment institutions and increased penalties for violations. Establish and improve the classified supervision mechanism of non-bank payment institutions, and issue the Measures for the Administration of Rating of Non-bank Payment Institutions. Strengthen the supervision of reserve funds to curb the high risk of misappropriation of funds. Pilot operation of the national off-site supervision system for non-bank payment institutions (Phase I). Increase penalties, clean up and rectify market order, and focus on rectifying unlicensed payment institutions. Study and establish a centralized deposit and management system for customer reserve funds of payment institutions, fundamentally prevent the risk of misappropriation of customer reserve funds by payment institutions, and standardize the inter-bank liquidation obligations of payment institutions.

　　The third is to strengthen supervision and restriction on the operation of power and promote strict, fair and civilized law enforcement. In view of the problems in law enforcement, such as inadequate supervision, selective law enforcement or different penalties in the same case, investigation, verification and rectification were carried out, and the relevant institutional arrangements for administrative law enforcement were further improved. Actively implement and promote the random inspection of administrative law enforcement, realize the full coverage of random inspection of all business lines, reduce the arbitrariness and human intervention of law enforcement inspection, and prevent power rent-seeking. Strictly implement the responsibility system for administrative law enforcement and the appraisal system for law enforcement, give full play to the supervisory role of legal, internal audit and discipline inspection departments in administrative work according to law, strengthen the post supervision of law enforcement, and ensure the fairness and legality of administrative law enforcement. Improve the system of administrative punishment Committee and give full play to the role of administrative punishment Committee. These measures have effectively standardized the power operation links and processes such as administrative examination and approval, law enforcement inspection and administrative punishment, and prevented corruption such as abuse of power for personal gain. In the next step, we will continue to establish and improve the supervision system of checks and balances of powers and responsibilities, further promote the publicity of administrative law enforcement information, and explore the establishment of a benchmark system for administrative penalty discretion.

　　(seven) the rectification of the problem of "supervision and discipline is not in place"

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China firmly supports the discipline inspection team and the discipline inspection committees at all levels to be serious in discipline and accountability, and concentrate on finding out the end and will never tolerate it. Organize forces to quickly investigate and deal with the clues of leading cadres suspected of violating discipline mastered by the patrol handover and stationed discipline inspection team; After investigation and verification, the clues suspected of violating the law are transferred to judicial organs for legal treatment; The problems that are not handled in place require careful review and strict investigation again. Increase the exposure of typical cases and release a strong signal that discipline must be strict.

　　First, we have seriously investigated and dealt with cases of mental problems in which bureau-level cadres violated the eight central regulations. According to the rules and regulations, the relevant personnel were given serious warnings within the party, dismissed from their posts within the party, given administrative demerits, dismissed from office, and dismissed, and some disciplinary personnel were admonished.

　　The second is to strictly apply the "four forms" to strengthen discipline review. Investigate the cadres at the bureau level suspected of accepting bribes and transfer them to the procuratorate. Cadres who do not truthfully explain the situation to the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work and violate political discipline will be given serious warnings within the party and dismissed. Leading cadres who violate financial and economic disciplines are given serious warnings within the party and administrative records are given greater punishment, and they are notified separately on the website of the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and within the system. The problem of violating the spirit of the eight central regulations was notified in the system.

　　Third, according to the deployment of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the rectification of the "four winds" problem was "reviewed". Combined with inspection and rectification, and in contrast to the relevant laws and regulations of the Central Committee and the Head Office, we conducted a comprehensive investigation and systematic summary of the system provisions and implementation of implementing the spirit of the eight central regulations and rectifying the "four winds" problem, and seriously rectified the problems found.

　　The fourth is to do a good job in handling the clues of the handover of the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work. In strict accordance with the requirements of disciplinary review, we will concentrate on comprehensively analyzing and cleaning up the clues related to the People’s Bank of China system handed over by the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work, and dispose of them in a classified manner, so that all the pieces can be found. Up to now, one person has been transferred to judicial organs to be investigated for criminal responsibility, and 32 people have been given disciplinary action and organization. Among them, there are 18 cadres at the bureau level and 15 cadres at or below the department level.

　　The fifth is to take the opportunity of stationed reform and patrol rectification to strengthen supervision and accountability. Focus on strengthening the supervision of leading bodies and bureau-level cadres, urge party organizations at all levels to implement the main responsibility of strictly administering the party in an all-round way, and ensure that central government decrees and major decision-making arrangements are in place. If the leading bodies at all levels fail to fulfill their main responsibilities, increase accountability. Keep a close eye on the new trend and performance of "four winds", and strictly investigate and deal with behaviors such as not stopping, not converging and evading organizational supervision, and never let go. Strengthen the construction of discipline inspection and supervision team. Comprehensively promote the implementation of "two-oriented" and "double investigation of one case".

　　Third, the next step of rectification work arrangement

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China will continue to further promote the implementation of inspection and rectification from the following aspects, and improve the institutional arrangements for comprehensively administering the party strictly from the source, and consolidate and expand the achievements of inspection and rectification.

　　(a) in-depth study and implementation of the spirit of the Central Committee’s instructions on inspection work, and further improve the ideological understanding and action consciousness of doing a good job in inspection and rectification work.

　　We will fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the spirit of the series of important speeches of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, especially the spirit of important instructions on patrol work, resolutely implement the requirements of political patrol, earnestly shoulder the main responsibility for the implementation of patrol rectification, perform the rectification duties stipulated in the Regulations on Patrol Work in the Communist Party of China (CPC), and take the problems pointed out by the patrol in the right place, draw inferences from others, and pay close attention to implementation, so as to ensure that the patrol rectification work is effective.

　　(2) Convene a meeting on Party building work of the People’s Bank of China to make arrangements for comprehensively strengthening the Party building work of the People’s Bank of China system.

　　The Party Committee of the People’s Bank of China decided to hold a special meeting on the Party building work of the People’s Bank of China in the first half of 2016 to systematically summarize the Party building work of the People’s Bank of China since the 18th CPC National Congress, study and solve the outstanding problems in the Party building work of the People’s Bank of China, and make arrangements for the People’s Bank of China to comprehensively strengthen Party building and strictly manage the Party in the future.

　　(3) Strengthen the leadership of the Party building work in the People’s Bank of China system and resolutely implement the main responsibility of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way.

　　The secretary of the Party Committee takes the lead in fulfilling the duties of the first responsible person, further strengthens the strength of the Party Committee team to grasp the party building work, earnestly shoulders the main responsibility, and grasps the specific issues of institutional mechanisms and grassroots party building to deepen the implementation of the main responsibility. Taking the opportunity of comprehensively cleaning up, standardizing and rectifying the collection of party dues, combined with the "two studies and one work" study and education, we can solve the problems of party member’s weak consciousness, weak party organization construction and management. Actively support the discipline inspection team stationed to perform their supervisory responsibilities, deal with disciplinary violations seriously, and never cover up and tolerate them.

　　(4) Do a good job in investigating and dealing with mental problems in violation of the eight central regulations and make unremitting efforts to correct the "four winds"

　　We will continue to carry out in-depth special rectification of office space, car allocation and housing violations, illegal building of buildings and halls, excessive salary subsidies, public funds for eating and drinking, and extravagant enjoyment of training centers. Actively support the discipline inspection team stationed in the Central Inspection Team to handle the clues of mental problems that violate the eight central regulations handed over by the Central Inspection Team, and thoroughly investigate and deal with relevant violations. At the same time, further improve the relevant system regulations and promote the normalization and long-term work style construction.

　　(5) Strictly implement the "Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government" and comprehensively strengthen the selection, management and supervision of cadres.

　　In accordance with the "Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government" and the relevant requirements of the Central Committee, we will constantly improve and strictly implement the cadre and personnel systems, strengthen the investigation and training of cadres in political aspects, adhere to the standards of cadres, adhere to the principles of being recognized by the masses in all corners of the country, fairness and justice, form a good orientation and atmosphere for selecting and employing people, increase the intensity of spot check and verification of personal reports and disciplinary actions against violations, promptly clean up and digest over-matched cadres, and seriously deal with the problem of file fraud.

　　(six) to further promote the administration according to law and decentralization, and further strengthen the supervision and restriction of the operation of power.

　　Continue to streamline administrative examination and approval items, strengthen institutional constraints, strictly regulate the exercise of administrative power, and prevent power transfer, rent-seeking and arbitrage for personal gain. Give full play to the role of directly affiliated enterprise management committees, strengthen the daily management of enterprises and institutions, and pay close attention to defining management and supervision systems such as operation, fees, remuneration and surplus (profit) payment. Combined with the reform of financial supervision system, we will promote the restoration of the provincial management system of branches of the People’s Bank of China. Improve the operation mechanism of the branch work coordination Committee and strengthen the overall guidance and management of branches.

　　The People’s Bank of China will take the opportunity of special inspection and rectification, further firmly establish political awareness and overall concept, strengthen political responsibility, strengthen the Party’s leadership over financial work, fully implement the decision-making arrangements of the central government and the State Council in accordance with the requirements of "one post and two responsibilities", improve and perfect macro-control, vigorously promote financial reform and development, earnestly safeguard financial stability, improve the ability of financial services to the real economy, and make greater contributions to building a well-off society in an all-round way and achieving the objectives of the 13 th Five-Year Plan.

　　Cadres and the masses are welcome to supervise the implementation of inspection and rectification. If you have any suggestions, please report them to us in time. Contact information: Tel 010-66194725; Mailing address: No.32 Chengfang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing; E-mail: sziguo@pbc.gov.cn.

　　CPC China People’s Bank Committee

　　April 28, 2016

　　Recently, the live broadcast of "Hong Kong Meicheng Mooncake" by Three Sheep Network Technology Co., Ltd. has attracted a lot of attention. Meicheng Mooncake claims to be a Hong Kong brand, but there are no offline sales points and physical stores in Hong Kong, and the origin is not Hong Kong. Although it has registered relevant trademarks in Hong Kong, the actual operator is Guangzhou company. With the fermentation of public opinion, the relevant live broadcast room of Crazy Little Yang has recently stopped selling Meicheng Mooncake. On September 19, the Hefei Municipal Market Supervision and Administration Bureau issued a notice saying that in response to the relevant issues involving Three Sheep Network Technology Co., Ltd., the Hefei Municipal Market Supervision Bureau has established a joint investigation team with the Bureau of Commerce, the Public Security Bureau and other departments to verify and deal with them in accordance with laws and regulations, and resolutely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests

　　"High-end mooncakes" that cannot be bought in Hong Kong are confidently said to be a Hong Kong brand, and the origin is not Hong Kong, but produced and sold in the mainland. Playing with words and using vague words like this has obviously misled and deceived consumers.

　　In recent years, the live streaming industry has flourished and become an important part of the e-commerce field. However, with the rapid expansion of the industry, problems have also arisen. The head live streaming host represented by Brother Yang has frequently been involved in various controversial incidents, from "trough head meat" to "fake Moutai", and then being investigated for "Hong Kong Meicheng Mooncake". These incidents have not only affected consumer trust, but also once again sounded the alarm for the healthy development of the live streaming industry. According to the "Public Opinion Analysis Report on Consumer Rights Protection in Live Streaming and Delivery (2023) ", public opinion data involving false propaganda accounted for 38.97%. The reason why this kind of problem is high is mainly related to the still vague positioning of the current live streaming. The Anti-Unfair Competition Law stipulates that operators shall not make false or misleading commercial propaganda about the performance, function, quality, sales status, user evaluation, and honors of their products to deceive and mislead consumers. However, live streaming hosts have various ways to strip themselves of their "operator" identity, so as to avoid legal liability. In addition, the division of responsibilities for live streaming hosts in the current regulations is still not clear enough, resulting in even if there is a counterfeiting scandal, many live streaming hosts can still get away with it. This can also explain that live streaming hosts are so frequently overturned on the issue of integrity. So why are there still a large number of live streaming hosts selling goods to counterfeit and shoddy goods on the Internet? The answer is actually very simple: low cost, low risk, and fast money.

　　After the "mooncake" scandal, the hot search was almost brushed by this incident. This public opinion may also reflect the mentality of society – people have been suffering from false propaganda in live streaming for a long time, and this time there has been a general outbreak. As a trend industry, many leading brands have repeatedly flipped over on such a basic issue of integrity, and even showed no care. This is really a strange thing. This abnormal and unreasonable phenomenon also reminds us that market norms need to be strengthened. For example, whether live streaming hosts are spokespersons or sellers, advertisers or marketing platforms; what responsibilities they should bear for false propaganda and wrong goods, and what targeted penalties should be imposed. These vague areas should be clarified as soon as possible to further improve dispute resolution and market supervision channels. Don’t let "untrustworthy" and "counterfeit" become the label of the industry.

　　(Fish flower)

　　[car home new car on the market] Recently, Ferrari officially launched the |) Spider model in China.And released it at the same timeThe price starts from 4.998 million yuan.The price will change with different optional configurations. The new car will adopt a hard-top convertible mechanism, which can be opened and closed in 14 seconds, and be equipped with a V8 dual turbocharging and motor hybrid system with a comprehensive power of 1,000 HP. See the table below for detailed models:

　　In terms of appearance, the overall design of the new car is similar to that of the hardtop model, but the difference is only on the convertible roof. At the same time, the tomahawk-style front face with sharp aerodynamic design, coupled with the narrow headlights on both sides, makes the new car as a whole very sci-fi and fighting.

　　The highlight of the convertible version is its convertible structure. The new car adopts a folding hardtop convertible mechanism, which can be opened and closed in only 14 seconds, and the convertible only takes up 100 liters of trunk space when it is put away. The entire rear cover can be opened upward from the B-pillar of the car body, and the roof can be retracted into the "trunk". In addition, the position of the rear engine is not fully enclosed because of the convertible mechanism, but it still adopts a transparent design, which can directly see the inside of the engine compartment.

　　In terms of interior, the new car adopts a more advanced digital cockpit, and the application of the front LCD instrument panel allows more driving information to be intuitively displayed in the driver’s field of vision. The three-spoke multi-function steering wheel also adopts a touch design, which makes the overall atmosphere inside the new car more scientific and technological.

　　In terms of power, the new car is equipped with a hybrid system consisting of a 3.9T twin-turbo V8 engine and three motors, and its comprehensive power reaches 1000 horsepower. The new car also provides four power modes for drivers to choose from. The transmission system is matched with an 8-speed dual-clutch gearbox and equipped with an electrified four-wheel drive system RAC-e, with a pure electric cruising range of 25 kilometers. In addition, the new car’s 0-100km/h acceleration time is only 2.5 seconds, and the 0-200km/h acceleration time is only 7 seconds. (Text/car home graduated)

Gengzi was forced to stay at home in the first month, after reading the online shopping "Information Dissemination and Control in Song Dynasty: A Survey Centered on Rumors".(Fang Yan, Zhonghua Book Company, November 2019; The following quotation is called "Gossip" for short.Try to make a brief comment on this new book from the perspective of Song history.

Since the beginning of the new century, information dissemination and control has become a hot spot in the study of Song history. Professor Deng Xiaonan has presided over many seminars and workshops on information channels in Tang and Song Dynasties and even longer. Of course, as Gossip said, previous studies paid more attention to the dissemination and control of institutional information channels, while "the research on the domination and management of informal information dissemination was neglected", especially the gossip phenomenon involving "people’s assembly behavior, interaction between officials and people, and regional activities" and its "relationship with social, cultural and psychological" lacked detailed analysis and revelation.(47 pages). Gossip is a social phenomenon that exists in any society and any era. Its specific directionality, wide audience, anonymity of communication and variability of communication not only make the hearers feel at a loss, but also make the politicians feel deeply embarrassed. The author describes himself and writes a thesis, hoping to provide valuable historical reference for the understanding, prevention, elimination and control of rumors in today’s society in transition.(48 pages).

Apart from the introduction and conclusion, the book is divided into six chapters. The first chapter discusses the information dissemination and government regulation in the Song Dynasty, and the next five chapters discuss the context of the birth of rumors in the Song Dynasty and its relationship with politics, economy, military affairs, border management and disasters. Perhaps limited by the main title of Information Dissemination and Control in Song Dynasty, the extension of information discussed in the first chapter is a little too broad in terms of reading sense. If we study the functions, communication forms, control and regulation of official information in a relatively in-depth way, we can directly focus on the subtitle "Investigation centered on rumors", which may highlight the main idea.

There is no doubt that rumors and rumors belong to the information category. The author reminds that "there are different definitions of rumors and rumors in academic circles, and there is no clear distinction". The reason why the book uses the neutral concept of "rumors" is: "First, the part of speech is more derogatory when people use rumors today, and second, the rumors are partly related to facts", which is desirable. But it then interprets "gossip" as "an unconfirmed story about people and things spread through private or public channels,inexactInformation "(8 pages, highlighted in bold)I think that the word "inaccurate" is not accurate, just as there is the same problem in judging the "inaccurate" of rumors, so it should be changed to "I don’t know the exact", which is almost in line with the principle of neutral definition. This paper will also discuss the rumors and political responses of the Song Dynasty discussed in the book under the principle of neutrality.

one

One of the deepest impressions of Gossip is the rich and detailed collection of historical facts, which is closely related to the fact that the number of historical materials handed down from ancient times in the Song Dynasty almost exceeded the sum of its previous documents because of the popularity of printing. However, the strength and frequency of rumors in an era must have a subtle interaction with social history. Investigating the rumors in the Song Dynasty, we should bring the social transformation between the Tang and Song Dynasties into our field of vision. This transformation directly or indirectly formed the historical background of rumors in Song Dynasty in many aspects, and showed new characteristics of the times in the generation subject, communication mode and interaction form of rumors.

First of all, the Song Dynasty recognized that "the four are the common people’s businesses".("Jiading Chicheng Zhi Tiantai Order Zheng Zhidao’s Seven Stories")There is a trend of relatively equal among all social strata. The profound changes in class structure have led to the gradual equalization of the right to speak, including rumors. Compared with the autocratic dynasties before and after it, the public opinion environment and ideological control in the Song Dynasty are relatively relaxed (of course, the obvious differences in different periods should also be distinguished). Although the bureaucratic intelligentsia, as the backbone of society and the imperial elite, is still the main class leading public opinion, farmers, craftsmen and businessmen have the right to speak in law compared with the previous generation, and may also become one of the main bodies of rumors, transforming their likes and dislikes into rumors and spreading them to the world in due course. Compared with the previous generation, the rumors often focused on the upper level of the ruling and opposition parties, and the political rumors reflecting the demands of the lower level generally surfaced only when the society changed greatly. The rumors in the Song Dynasty highlighted the various aspects of their daily society and had more social and historical value.

Secondly, the society in Song Dynasty showed unprecedented mobility. In the fields of agriculture, handicrafts and commerce, workers from all walks of life establish the labor relationship between employers and employees through contracts, and they all have the right to choose and stay independently after the expiration; The class mobility between scholars, peasants, industry and commerce is also a social phenomenon from time to time. The appointment system drives national officials to go to their posts, or report to the capital and serve on the road. The scientific research system regularly promotes the directional flow of students and scholars, and the prosperity of urban economy and the active business behavior lead to the frequent flow of traders. In the pre-modern traditional society, the unprecedented strengthening of this kind of social mobility has brought an impact on the generation frequency and spread rate of rumors.

Thirdly, with the continuous development of social economy, rumors in the Song Dynasty have clearly highlighted the characteristics of the times in terms of diffusion channels and means. With the popularity of printing, rumors spread widely by printing paper media. For example, unofficial history’s novels published by bookshops were greatly favored by the government and people in the ruling and opposition, and folk tabloids imitating Dibao also tried printing methods. With the help of urban economy and civic culture, Washe Goulan, Teahouses and Restaurants are the exchange platforms for gossip from all directions, and the civic literature and art such as speaking, nonsense, singing, zaju, movies and other performances on these platforms have also become the deduction means and communication channels of gossip. In crowded city gate thoroughfares and hostels where people flow, anonymous posts and anonymous topic walls are also common forms of rumors.

Finally, as the central plains regime, the Song Dynasty has always faced the severe situation of the strong enemy in the north. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, there were Song Liao wars, Song Xia wars in the middle period, Yanshan Battle and Song Jin wars in the late period, and so on. And the whole Southern Song Dynasty was under the cloud of wartime system. The sharp confrontation between the North and the South and the bitter national war have left the subjects in the ruling and opposition parties in a state of anxiety, perplexity and even fear and panic for a long time. And the anxious situation and anxious mentality are the most suitable hotbeds for rumors to breed. As the fourth chapter of "Gossip" shows, the number of military rumors is one of the characteristics of the Song Dynasty which is different from other dynasties.

The characteristics of the times of rumors in the Song Dynasty put forward a new topic for the rulers to govern the country, and Gossip fully revealed its success and failure.

two

In terms of political civilization, the Song Dynasty did make progress compared with the previous generation, but after all, it was still a monarchy bureaucracy. When evaluating its relatively relaxed public opinion environment, we should not only grasp the scale, but also distinguish the differences of political ecology in different periods, especially when investigating the relationship between rumors and politics in the Song Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, political rumors were generally dealt with by means of persuasion, utilization and control.

Let’s talk about grooming first. Under the monarchical bureaucracy, the supreme ruler generally hopes to master accurate and comprehensive information resources in time, so as to effectively operate the ruling machine and avoid breeding unfavorable rumors. The ways of obtaining information resources in Song Dynasty can be divided into normal channels and abnormal channels. The normal channel is that bureaucrats at all levels declare relevant information. However, as the first accountable person for information declaration, officials at all levels tend to weaken or even block the information feedback in normal channels for official career considerations such as whitewashing peace, catering to superiors, maintaining political achievements and shirking responsibility. "Gossip" takes the disaster as an example, and divides the local officials’ misrepresentation of the disaster into common forms such as delaying reporting, false reporting, concealing, and not reporting.(142 pages). These types of false declarations are not only limited to disaster response, but also the normal state of bureaucracy in any authoritarian regime. In Song Dynasty, another set of procedures was designed on abnormal channels, in order to avoid the obstruction and congestion of normal channels, which eventually led to rumors confusing people and endangering political security. In the Song Dynasty, officials and civilians were allowed to have the right to direct and cross-sue on the premise that the reasons were sufficient and the information was true. Direct complaints are divided into inviting the imperial coach (that is, blocking the emperor’s driving to sue the imperial court), climbing the drums (going to the Jingshi Dengwen Drum Academy and Dengwen Inspection Institute to complain about drums) and sending a letter (that is, sending a report letter); Leapfrogging means allowing leapfrog complaints outside the routine of step-by-step appeals.(pages 143-146). In terms of system regulations, although the abnormal channel reserves the right to appeal to the people who have been wronged, according to historical data, although there are occasional cases, it is not appropriate to exaggerate its effectiveness. The strategy of dealing with rumors in Song Dynasty depends on two points. First, the advantages and disadvantages of the official management of specific officials. Being virtuous, the information feedback from normal channels is basically timely and effective; On the other hand, normal channels will be useless. The second is the political ecology in different periods. If we take the Northern Song Dynasty as an example, during the period of Qingli and Jiayou in Song Renzong where the political ecology was relatively clear (1041-1063), the feedback of gossip information obviously could not be compared with the period of Zhenghe and Xuanhe in Song Huizong (1111-1125).

Second, use. In the situation that information is not transparent and open, rumors have two sides. On the one hand, in view of the fact that gossip often becomes the public’s form of expressing attitude, evaluation and appeal, the ruling group knows that "if the people have it, the objections will disappear" when they are awake.(Su Zhe’s "Luan Cheng Ji San Lun Respectively Evil and Righteousness Zazi")So as to listen to rumors, master public opinion, examine people’s hearts and improve politics. While perfecting the official information declaration system, the Taiwan remonstrator who was chartered to be responsible for supervision in Song Dynasty had the right to "get wind of things", which was the intention. The so-called "getting wind of it" not only refers to allowing supervisory officials to choose rumors as the basis for rectifying disintegration, but also encourages them to spread rumors to the center, "hoping to widely adopt them to make up for the lack of government."("Song Shi Lu Hui Biography"). My book "Research on the System of Taiwan remonstrance in Song Dynasty" once discussed the pros and cons of hearsay, and the key still depends on whether the political ecology is clear or not. On the other hand, gossip is always used as a political tactic to induce public sentiment, will and inclination, so as to blend and sell their political premeditated. Song Taizu instigated the fabrication of political rumors such as "Being the Emperor", "Khitan’s invasion" and "It’s going to get worse every day" for the sake of the yellow robe, and won the Zhao family’s world in one fell swoop with the Chen Qiao mutiny. In order to strengthen the legitimacy of the throne, Song Zhenzong made a fuss about the gobbledygook event for fourteen years, so that "once the monarch and his subjects were crazy", as the author said, "it was actually a premeditated, prepared, carefully planned and directed gossip farce by the monarch and his subjects"(page 419).

Let’s talk about control. Gossip quoted David Butler, a British scholar, as saying, "No government, democratic or authoritarian, can allow the mass media to develop freely without some form of regulation or restriction."(Page 2)It goes without saying that the control of the Song Dynasty was of course autocratic. Throughout the Song Dynasty, divination, astronomical pictures and other folk printed materials were all banned, and if there were any printing plates and carved stones, they were all recovered, which was "abandoned by officials"; In the later period of Song Huizong, similar regulations also applied to the secret association of "Zoroastrianism people reading scriptures and painting Buddha statues" (pages 131-133). When Qin Gui’s dictatorship stifled dissent for the Shaoxing system, it banned private history by state power, falsely calling it "the theory of evil seeking falsehood", and the dictatorship system even suppressed public opinion and eliminated rumors in a perverse way.(See the book "Self-shaping and Other-shaping of the image of Qin Gui’s dictatorship in Nandu").

In the Song Dynasty, the official mansion newspaper must be pre-examined before it is published, and the right to publish public information is firmly grasped. Not only the political secrets of the dynasty, including the discussion of current politics and matters related to disasters, but all "information that is regarded as sensitive or negative by the rulers is strictly restricted by the government."(pages 128-129). The control of official mansion newspapers in Song Dynasty was quite effective, but it was a headache for folk tabloids. Most of the tabloids reported things that were not reported by the local government, and the local officials "got it from the leakage of the provincial hospital or from the news of the market". Every day, a piece of paper was published, and it was reported far and near, and even openly peddled around the street. Tabloid news, re-inspection afterwards, "maybe or not". Since the reign of Filial Piety in the Southern Song Dynasty, the court has repeatedly awarded awards and strictly banned it, but in the end of the Song Dynasty, tabloids were banned. Regardless of the government and the people, "tabloids are the first, and newspapers in the DPRK are the norm."(pages 134-136). From this, we can infer two points: first, the strictly filtered Dibao (that is, Chaobao) is far from meeting the daily information needs of bureaucrats and scholars, which shows that although the public opinion in Song Dynasty is loose, the public information publishing mechanism is still not perfect and transparent; Secondly, the tabloid information is mixed with truth and falsehood, but it has become one of the most important information sources outside legal channels. Of course, these are the main reasons for the repeated prohibition of gossip tabloids. On the other hand, it also shows that the autocratic centralization of power in the Song Dynasty still belongs to the pre-modern form, and has not yet reached the point where it is omnipotent.

three

It is generally believed in the academic circles that with the formation of the scholar-bureaucrat class and the rise of its conscious consciousness, combined with the leading thought of "taking the world as its own duty" of Neo-Confucianism, a kind of "public discussion" has been formed in the Song Dynasty, which plays an active role in restricting imperial power and upholding righteousness in political life. Only in this way, bureaucratic scholar-officials confidently warned the emperor: "public discussion is the spirit of the country."("Memorials of Celebrities in Past Dynasties", volume 152, and Mou Zicai’s "Cuozi due to Disasters").

Gossip divides the public discussion into two categories, namely, spreading the public discussion among scholars and spreading the public discussion at the bottom of the people, which not only "embodies the public opinion and people’s desire", but also adopts oral communication.(105 pages). Combined with the history of the Song Dynasty, public discussion is also a special form of gossip. In my opinion, it has the following characteristics. First, no matter what kind of public discussion, on the one hand, it may absorb the previous gossip elements, on the other hand, it may become the gossip content after that. Secondly, the boundary between the two kinds of public discussion is not absolutely closed. There are many examples in the Song Dynasty, such as the reasonable integration of the factors of public discussion in the public discussion and the grounded reproduction of the connotation of the public discussion. Thirdly, in the normal period of political ecology, the people’s public discussion can also be presented to the monarch through the scholar-officials and bureaucrats as an information reference for the centralized regime to govern the country; In the period of deteriorating political ecology, even if the scholar-officials discussed it, it was impossible to reach the court, and they were denounced as demagogues by authoritarian or political opponents. Fourthly, in the political history of the Song Dynasty, there was a substitution phenomenon between the strong and weak curves of the two kinds of public consultation: during the period of political clarity, the effective peak of the public consultation increased, while the effective peak of the public consultation decreased; However, during the period of political ecological reversal, the scholar-bureaucrat discussion gradually disappeared, but the people’s discussion took its place. In the 12th year of Chunyou in the Southern Song Dynasty (1252), Mou Zicai reminded Song Lizong that "there is a way in the world, and public discussion is in the court; There is no way in the world, and public discussion is in the grass. "("Memorials of Celebrities in Past Dynasties", volume 312, "On the five things of yin turbidity")It is this phenomenon that is revealed.

"Gossip" classifies people’s discussion as the folk communication of information and divides it into verbal communication and non-verbal communication (non-verbal communication has little to do with people’s discussion, so there is no theory). Under verbal communication, it is divided into three forms: folk literature and art, excellent words and music and folk proverbs.(pages 109-121). In fact, excellent words and music also belong to the category of folk literature and art, so the modes of public discussion are mainly folk literature and folk proverbs. Relatively speaking, the ballads and proverbs handed down from ancient times in the Song Dynasty are far richer than folk literature and art, and the results in the study of rumors as a public discussion are also more fruitful. This research, besides Gossip, is also worth mentioning: Folk Songs and Social Studies in the Song Dynasty.(Zhao Yaodan, China Social Sciences Press, December 2015, hereinafter referred to as "Folk Proverbs"). Both books regard political ballads and proverbs as a special form of political rumors and public discussion, and explore their interactive relationship with politics in Song Dynasty.

Shortly after Song Huizong ascended the throne, he replaced his former central control mode with the court centralization mode, which was relatively balanced in power and operated effectively, but his political rule was "disastrous"(Liu Zijian’s "China Turning to the Inner" on page 72). In order to strengthen the centralized mode of Song Huizong Group, the bureaucratic elite of the scholar-officials was expelled from the DPRK. At the latest, the bureaucratic scholar-officials who dared to remonstrate even the information channels of normal political participation existed in name only, let alone the discussion of the scholar-officials. In contrast, as a public discussion, the current political ballads and proverbs are unprecedentedly active, commenting on the current situation with the special form of political rumors and attacking the state affairs.

In the first year of Zhenghe (1111), Cai Jing was reunited with Tong Guan, and the proverb "Breaking the barrel (child) and splashing the food (Cai) is a good world on earth" spread all over the world, expressing the public’s worry about "two people dying in chaos". In the third year of Zhenghe, He Zhizhong fawned on Cai Jing, and at the same time, Gao Qiu was promoted to the position of temple commander. Nursery rhymes in Beijing sang: "Kill Artemisia, cut vegetables, and eat lamb lotus leaves." "Artemisia" refers to Tong Guan, while "Cai" still refers to Cai Jing. "Lamb" is homophonic for "Senior Two" (that is, Gao Qiu, the second child of the Gaos), and "Lotus Leaf" refers to He Zhizhong. Verbs such as "hit", "splash", "kill", "cut" and "eat" in ballads and proverbs are clearly defined in love and hate, but they still show irony in homophonic banter.

In the first year of Xuanhe (1119), Wang Fu and Cai Jing merged, and the political affairs were even dirtier. "Selling officials and titles, there is a price", and the folk proverb directly denounced: "Three thousand suo, straight secret cabinet; Five hundred penetration, Zhuo tong sentence "("Old News of Qu Yan"). According to Notes of the Old Learning Temple, the following year, there were "dozens of people wearing gold belts, all of whom were slaves of Zhu’s family" at the guest table in Zhizhou, Hangzhou, and a folk song sang: "Gold belts and silver belts are bad for Zhu’s family in Zhao’s world." The last sentence seems to be a pity for the "Zhao world", but I don’t know that Zhu CuO’s Daxing Hua Shigang pushed against Fang La and pursued the imperial script of Zhao’s regime. In the fifth year of Xuanhe, Song Huizong celebrated by "recovering" Yanshan Mountain, and two folk songs were sung in the capital. One cloud: "If you are happy, you must start;" Sorrow is sorrow, not long. Xin is Xin, and I will stay together. If you are afraid, you will be afraid, and people will break the fight. " The second cloud says, "It’s full of flowers outside, but empty inside. But look at February next year, and there is no master in the city. " Political proverbs express a clear negative public opinion: not only does Yanjing, which started by luck, "not last long", but even Tokyo will "not see the master" next year. As the "Gossip" said: "The hollowed-out inner part of the Song Dynasty can not be concealed by the superficial prosperity."(52 pages)

At the beginning of the first year of Jingkang (1126), Jin Jun Enemy at the Gates and Song Qinzong, who had just acceded to the throne, repeatedly begged for a letter. However, after the situation of Jinbing’s withdrawal from the north eased, they put the defense against gold in Hedong and other places behind them, ignoring the possibility that Jin Shuai Yan Hong Zongwang (the second prince) might invade the south again, but they were eager to establish a prince, and at the same time investigated Chen Dong, the leader of the "Six Thieves", who had fallen into trouble before, and soon spread in Tokyo. Regardless of the second prince, he manages the prince. " There is a proverb that thunders against the court’s "repressors" and suppresses the space of speech: "The city gate is closed, and the road is open; The city gate is open and the road is closed. " The annual money of Song Huizong Dynasty continued to circulate after the reform of Jingkang, but in Jingkang and Jianyan (1126-1130), Qianzhou refused to use the annual money of Xuanhe and Zhenghe, which was called "No money for the emperor" (volume 2 of Chicken Ribs), and directly linked the annual money of Huizong with "No money for the emperor" and nailed Song Huizong to "No money for the emperor".

In the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a period of peace, in which "playing folk songs received holy knowledge". No matter whether they were ordered to be sent out or served in counties, officials had the responsibility to choose folk songs and be sympathetic to public feelings. The so-called "folk songs were collected everywhere, and the people were eager for them." The machine of serving the country is dense, and it is a quiet scene for singing. "(Wang Yucheng’s "Giving an Interview to the Special Envoy"); "Make Yin beg the people, and listen to the road rumors."(Xu Guangyuan’s "He Xu Lingnan New Road Middle"). When it came to politics and propaganda, the political ecology under Song Huizong was extremely deteriorated, and the way of speaking was blocked and the righteousness was not good. "Scholars knew the court’s will and stopped writing."("Three Dynasties North League" Volume 96). As a public discussion, even though political proverbs are close at hand in Beijing, the supreme ruling group either turns a deaf ear or turns a deaf ear.

Compared with the Song Dynasty, "when the ancestors were in their prime, they raised their morale with generosity."("Zhen Wenzhong’s Collection of Official Documents, Wuchen went to the temple in April to play two")Song Huizong Group is a complete failure in dealing with public discussion and political rumors. The profound lesson and unfortunate outcome of this change, as Liu Zijian, a famous scholar of Song history, pointed out: All this was due to "Huizong began to abuse the imperial power, which eventually led to the tragic demise of the Northern Song Dynasty."("China turned to the inside" on page 72).

This article was first published in WeChat official account, Research Information of Song History, and was forwarded with the authorization of the author.