Original Fengyun Mengyuan Guoke

Recently, the typhoon Xuanlannuo, which came from the depths of the sea, trudged to the offshore area of China, and its strong intensity and changeable path attracted a lot of attention.

The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a typhoon blue warning for Xuanlannuo, and many places also launched emergency response against Taiwan.

As the first super typhoon this year, "Xuanlannuo" was so powerful that it even swallowed another "typhoon embryo" on the way.

Xuanlannuo swallowed the tropical depression below @ Central Meteorological Observatory/Weibo.

It may just be the moment when the vast Yun Qi wind falls, and it goes north alone during the abrupt change of circulation in summer and autumn, carrying the endless long summer behind it, and creating a thousand autumn winds in front of it.

This paper will briefly explain the current and future influence of "Xuanlannuo".

Too long to read the version

"Xuanlannuo" belongs to the stronger level in the super typhoon level;

This year’s typhoon came not too late, but so far the number is small;

There is a high probability that Xuanlannuo will not land in China, but it will have an impact on coastal areas, especially in the eastern coastal areas of Zhejiang Province.

The surging "Xuanlannuo" instant webpage of Sunflower No.8

Super typhoon level, how strong is it?

"Xuanlannuo" was generated on the afternoon of August 28th, upgraded to super typhoon in the early morning of the 30th, and weakened from super typhoon level to strong typhoon level at 5 o’clock on the 2nd. According to the latest forecast, it moved into the East China Sea on the 3rd, and its intensity will be enhanced to super typhoon level again.

According to China’s typhoon classification method, the super typhoon level is the highest level. "Xuanlannuo" even belongs to the stronger level in the super typhoon level.

The classification of typhoon in China is based on the maximum wind speed near the typhoon center (specifically, the 2-minute average continuous maximum wind speed). When the maximum wind speed near the center exceeds 51m/s (equivalent to 16 or above), it is the highest level of super typhoon level.

At 14: 00 on September 1, the maximum wind speed near the center of Xuanlannuo reached 65 m/s, which exceeded the upper limit of the extended Beaufort scale of 17, which was a strong level in the super typhoon scale. As can be seen from the following figure, although there are about six typhoons reaching the super typhoon level every year in the northwest Pacific, there are only one or two typhoons reaching the current intensity of Xuanlannuo on average every year, which is also the strongest typhoon in the northwest Pacific so far this year.

Typhoon intensity classification table in China and typhoon classification in 1949-2019, Central Meteorological Observatory

This year’s typhoon

Are you really late?

The first typhoon that landed in China this year was Typhoon Siam, which landed in Maoming on July 2, and it was not obviously late. However, the number of typhoons generated and landed in China this year is obviously less, and the landing sites are concentrated in the western part of Guangdong and Hainan, which has no obvious impact on the eastern and northern coasts of Guangdong, and further aggravates the impression that "typhoons come late".

So far this year, there have been 11 typhoons in the northwest Pacific, compared with an average of 14.1 from 1951 to 2010. There are three typhoons (tropical storms or stronger) landing in China, compared with about 4-5 in the same period from 1949 to 2019. It can be seen that the total number and level of typhoons are less.

The reason is the same as the biggest driver of the high temperature heat wave in the early summer in southern China, which is a significantly strong subtropical high.

As a system prevailing in a large area of downward flow, subtropical high not only caused a large range of blazing sunny and hot temperatures on land, but also shrouded the blue waves in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Under its control, it is difficult to have large-scale updraft and convective cloud activities in tropical waters, so it is difficult to have significant and sustained latent heat release of water vapor condensation and the development of near-surface low pressure, which seriously hinders the development mechanism of typhoons.

The geopotential height (isoline, unit gpm) in the middle troposphere (500hPa) and the anomaly value (color filling, unit gpm) from August 1 to 20. The red line 5880 surrounds the subtropical high range, and the accompanying positive anomaly represents the strong subtropical high.

Why is the subtropical high so strong this year? There are many specific reasons, but the most important one is related to the abnormal development of La Nina in spring and summer this year. Most La Nina events in history developed in the northern hemisphere in summer and autumn in the first year, peaked in winter, and then gradually declined in the spring of the second year. However, after the development of La Nina last autumn, it did not decay this spring, but further strengthened slightly, and reached its peak in May-June.

Monthly sea surface temperature anomalies in the monitoring area reflecting El Ni? o/La Ni? a events. It can be seen that the negative anomaly is still increasing this spring, which represents the abnormal development of La Nina event. What about the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration?

In general, the SST in the tropical Pacific is warm in the west and cold in the east. When La Ni? a event intensifies, the SST in the equatorial Middle East Pacific becomes lower, which causes the upper atmosphere to cool, contract and sink to form the ground high pressure. This enhanced pressure gradient in the east-west direction leads to the obvious enhancement of the trade winds crossing the tropical Pacific to the west. Strong trade winds induce an abnormal anticyclone to form on its north side, which is superimposed with the subtropical high, which is also an anticyclone in the middle and lower troposphere, so that the subtropical high is significantly enhanced.

Same as above, but it is the anomaly of sea surface temperature (coloring) and wind field in the lower troposphere (850hPA). It can be seen that the equatorial Pacific trade wind is obviously stronger (along the black arrow) and the subtropical high is stronger (marked by the blue circle).

"Xuan Lan Nuo" wants great bend?

Where is the typhoon going?

Judging from the current forecast, "Xuanlannuo" presents a V-shaped position. The sharp change of typhoon track is related to the sharp change of subtropical high intensity and other tropical cyclones around it. To answer this question more specifically, we must first understand some basic attributes of typhoons.

Typhoon is essentially a deep cyclone that develops in tropical and subtropical sea areas. In the weather system, some weather systems wider than it will provide airflow to guide it to move, which is the main driving force of typhoon movement. The subtropical high, which has the largest overlap with the typhoon activity area, has become the most important system.

Year after year, the subtropical high moves obviously with the seasonal changes, following the sun to the north in spring and summer, and returning to the south in autumn and winter to avoid the cold wind. Therefore, typhoons generally follow this rule-the path is southward in winter and spring, which may affect the Philippines, Vietnam and other places; The north in summer and autumn affects China, Japan, South Korea and other places.

Because the position and intensity of subtropical high also change obviously in the short term, the specific typhoon path will be different. In addition, there are other factors that affect the typhoon path, one of which is the mutual rotation effect when two typhoons coexist and are close together. At this time, two typhoons will move around their center of mass, and the smaller typhoon will be more affected.

An example of mutual rotation effect between Typhoon Sang Mei and Typhoon Baoxia in 2000. What wikimommons

The sharp turn of the current "Xuanlannuo" path is the result of the rapid change of subtropical high intensity and the mutual rotation effect. Previously, the subtropical high was strong, just like a wall across the north side of Xuanlannuo, which also provided a strong steering flow to the west, allowing the typhoon to move rapidly to the southwest and west. At present, the subtropical high is significantly weakened by the influence of the westerly trough system on the north side, and just "disconnected" into two single systems on the north side of Xuanlannuo, in which the steering flow provided by the east unit is northward, while the west unit is southward. Two kinds of steering flow saws make the typhoon obviously slow down and stay, just like being stuck in a quagmire.

500hPa weather map at 8: 00 Beijing time on September 1st. It can be seen that with the influence of the westerly trough (black circle) on the north side, the subtropical high is about to break into the west side monomer (red circle) and the east side monomer (blue circle), which makes Xuanlannuo (green circle) suddenly confused.

While wandering, a new tropical depression formed beside the southeast side of Xuanlannuo. Due to the great strength gap between the two sides, this tropical depression has been swallowed up by Xuanlannuo, but its residual cloud system still has obvious mutual rotation effect with Xuanlannuo, which provides Xuanlannuo with a steering flow that goes east first and then north. With the further weakening of the west subtropical high monomer in the next day or two, "Xuanlannuo" will eventually move to the north under the joint action of the east subtropical high monomer and the mutual rotation effect, and enter the East China Sea. Because the specific intensity of subtropical high and the degree of mutual rotation effect caused by tropical low residual circulation still have variability, it is still possible to adjust the path of Xuanlannuo in the future.

How will the typhoon affect our country?

To sum up, although there are still a few variables, there is a high probability that "Xuanlannuo" will not land in China, but will go north in the eastern coastal areas of China and eventually tend to the southern coastal areas of South Korea. And in the process of going northward, China’s coastal area is located in the relative "safety semicircle" on its west side, and the wind and rain intensity will be relatively small, and the overall impact on land will not be serious.

The superposition relationship between typhoon’s dangerous semicircle/safe semicircle and its own wind speed and moving speed. The author’s soul hand-painted

Even so, due to the significant expansion of the circulation scale of Xuanlannuo after the annexation of tropical depression, and the relatively slow weakening in the northward process, the strong typhoon will still be maintained to the super typhoon level, so the coastal areas such as eastern Taiwan Province, northeastern Fujian, Zhejiang coastal areas and Shanghai still need to pay attention to prevent the impact of wind and rain, among which Zhoushan Islands will be the most significantly affected; The offshore waters will be directly affected by typhoons and there will be violent storms. Offshore operators must return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind according to the early warning information.

I hope all the people affected by "Xuanlannuo" will be safe!

Author: Fengyun Mengyuan

Editor: Owl, Luna

Title source: Sunflower No.8 instant webpage

Read the original text

Suspected wildlife products seized by Shijiazhuang Customs Photo by Yang Zhengxuan

　　BEIJING, Shijiazhuang, March 20 (Li Xi Kuangye) Shijiazhuang Customs revealed on the 20th that it recently seized about 4 kilograms of wild animal products such as rhinoceros horn, tiger bone, antelope horn, dried seahorse and bear gall suspected of being smuggled into the country. It is reported that this is the first smuggling crime case of endangered animal products cracked by Shijiazhuang Customs in this year’s special campaign against smuggling of wild animals and their products.

　　On March 17th, Shijiazhuang Customs cracked a case of smuggling wild animal products into China, arrested one suspect and seized about 4 kilograms of wild animal products suspected of smuggling into China.

　　According to the Anti-smuggling Bureau of Shijiazhuang Customs, since the outbreak of pneumonia in novel coronavirus, Shijiazhuang Customs has organized a special campaign to crack down on the smuggling of wild animals and their products in the whole customs area. In the next step, the customs will continue to maintain the high-pressure situation of smuggling, carry out special rectification with relevant departments, highlight key points and strike hard, cut off the smuggling chain of wild animals and their products, and earnestly safeguard the national ecological security and people’s lives, health and safety.

(Approved by the State Council on May 12, 1992, promulgated by Order No.8 of the Ministry of Public Security on June 16, 1992, revised according to the Decision of the State Council on Abolishing and Amending Some Administrative Regulations on January 8, 2011)

Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations (hereinafter referred to as the Law on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations).

　　Article 2 People’s governments at all levels shall, in accordance with the law, safeguard citizens’ rights to assembly, procession and demonstration, maintain social stability and public order, and ensure that assemblies, processions and demonstrations held according to law are not disturbed, impacted or destroyed by anyone by violence, coercion or other illegal means.

　　Article 3 The term "open-air public places" as mentioned in Article 2 of the Law on Assemblies, Demonstrations and Demonstrations refers to outdoor public places that the public can freely enter or leave with tickets, excluding the internal open-air places managed by organs, groups, enterprises and institutions; Public roads refer to roads and waterways except special roads within organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions.

　　Article 4 Recreational and sports activities, normal religious activities and traditional folk customs activities shall be managed by people’s governments at all levels or relevant competent departments in accordance with relevant laws, regulations and other relevant provisions of the state.

　　Article 5 The weapons mentioned in Article 5 of the Law on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations refer to all kinds of guns, ammunition and other devices that can be used to harm people. Controlled knives refer to daggers, triangular knives, spring knives and other knives controlled according to law; Explosives refer to all explosives with explosive power and destructive performance, which can cause casualties and damage to articles in an instant.

　　The weapons, controlled knives and explosives listed in the preceding paragraph shall not be carried in assemblies, processions and demonstrations, nor shall they be transported to the places where assemblies, processions and demonstrations are held.

　　Article 6 In accordance with the second paragraph of Article 7 of the Law on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations, traffic order and social order shall be maintained when holding activities that do not require application.

　　Article 7 Assemblies, processions and demonstrations shall be in charge of the municipal and county public security bureaus and city public security sub-bureaus where they are held.

　　Where the route of procession and demonstration passes through two or more districts and counties in the same municipality directly under the central government, a city under the jurisdiction of a province or an autonomous region, or the area where the dispatched offices of the people’s governments of provinces and autonomous regions are located, the municipal public security bureau or the public security department of the dispatched offices of the people’s governments of provinces and autonomous regions shall be in charge; In the administrative area of the same province or autonomous region, if it passes through the area where two or more cities under the jurisdiction of the province or autonomous region or the agencies of the people’s governments of the provinces or autonomous regions are located, it shall be in charge of the public security department of the province or autonomous region where it is located; If it passes through more than two provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, it shall be in charge of the Ministry of Public Security or the public security organs of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government authorized by the Ministry of Public Security.

Chapter II Applications and Permits for Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations

　　Article 8 An assembly, a procession or a demonstration must be held with a responsible person.

　　The following persons shall not be responsible for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration:

　　(a) a person with no capacity or with limited capacity;

　　(two) the sentence has not been completed;

　　(3) being reeducated through labor;

　　(4) being subjected to criminal compulsory measures or other measures restricting personal freedom as prescribed by law.

　　Article 9 To hold an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, the person in charge must personally submit a written application to the competent public security organ as stipulated in Article 7 of these regulations; If the written application is not submitted by the person in charge in person, the competent public security organ will not accept it.

　　When submitting a written application, the person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall show his resident identity card or other valid documents, and truthfully fill in the application registration form.

　　Article 10 After receiving an application for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, the competent public security organ shall promptly examine it and make a written decision on whether to approve or disapprove it within the statutory time limit; The written decision shall specify the contents of the license or the reasons for disapproval.

　　The written decision shall be delivered to the person in charge 2 days before the date of application for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, and the person in charge shall sign the notice of delivery. If the person in charge refuses to sign for it, the addressee shall invite the representative of the local grass-roots organization or other people to be present as witnesses to explain the situation, specify the reasons and date of the refusal on the notice of service, and leave the written decision at the residence of the person in charge, which shall be deemed as having been served.

　　If the specific time and place of service are agreed in advance, and the person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration is not waiting at the agreed time and place and cannot be served, the application shall be deemed to have been revoked by himself; If the competent public security organ fails to deliver it at the agreed time and place, it shall be deemed as permission.

　　Article 11 Where an application is made for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration to solve specific problems, the competent public security organ shall, within 2 days from the date of receiving the application, send the Notice on Solving Specific Problems through Consultation to the person in charge of the assembly, the procession or the demonstration and the relevant organ or unit respectively, and if necessary, send it to the superior competent department of the relevant organ or unit at the same time. The relevant organs or units and the person in charge of applying for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall hold consultations within 2 days from the day after receiving the Notice on Solving Specific Problems through Consultation from the public security organ. If an agreement is reached, the agreement shall be sent to the competent public security organ in time by the relevant organ or unit after being signed by the responsible persons of both parties; If no agreement is reached or no consultation is held within 2 days from the day after receiving the Notice on Solving Specific Problems through Consultation, and the applicant insists on holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, the relevant organ or unit shall promptly notify the competent public security organ, and the competent public security organ shall promptly make a decision on approval or disapproval in accordance with the procedures specified in Article 10 of these regulations.

　　If the competent public security organ informs one or both parties to solve a specific problem through consultation that they are in other places, the notice of solving a specific problem through consultation, the agreement reached by both parties through consultation or the notice that no agreement has been reached, the starting date of delivery and the time on the way will not be counted in the legal period.

　　Article 12 According to Article 15 of the Law on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations, citizens are not allowed to launch, organize or participate in assemblies, processions and demonstrations of local citizens in cities other than their places of residence. The term "residence" as mentioned in this article refers to the place where a citizen’s permanent residence is located or where he has gone through temporary registration with the temporary residence registration authority and has lived continuously for more than half a year.

　　Article 13 After receiving an application for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, the competent public security organ may change the time, place and route of holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration in any of the following circumstances, and notify its responsible person in time:

　　(a) held in the rush hour, which may cause serious traffic jams for a long time;

　　(two) the venue or the route is under construction, which is impassable;

　　(3) The venue is a ferry, a railway crossing or an adjacent country (border);

　　(four) the motor vehicles used do not meet the requirements of road maintenance;

　　(five) there are major state activities at the same time and place as the application for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration;

　　(six) at the same time, place and route as the application for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, others have been allowed to hold an assembly, a procession or a demonstration.

　　When deciding the license, the competent public security organ considers it necessary to change the time, place and route of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, and it shall state it in the license decision.

　　If, after the approval is decided, natural disasters or public security accidents occur in the place where the application for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration is made, and emergency rescue and disaster relief are still being carried out, and normal order cannot be restored before the holding date, the competent public security organ may change the time, place and route of holding the assembly, procession and demonstration, but the Decision on Change of Events of Assembly, Parade and Demonstration shall be delivered to the person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration before the application date.

　　Article 14 If the person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration refuses to accept the decision of the competent public security organ not to grant permission, he may apply to the people’s government at the same level for reconsideration within 3 days from the date of receiving the decision of not granting permission. The people’s government shall, within 3 days from the date of receiving the application for reconsideration, make a reconsideration decision to maintain or revoke the original decision of the competent public security organ, and serve the "Decision on Reconsideration of Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations" to the person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration, and send a copy to the competent public security organ that made the original decision. The reconsideration decision made by the people’s government must be implemented by the competent public security organ and the person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration.

　　Article 15 If the person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration withdraws his application after submitting it and before receiving the notice from the competent public security organ, he shall go through the withdrawal formalities at the competent public security organ that accepted the application in time.

　　If the person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration decides not to hold an assembly, a procession or a demonstration after receiving the notice of permission from the competent public security organ or the reconsideration decision approved by the people’s government, he shall return the permission decision or reconsideration decision to the competent public security organ or the people’s government that originally accepted the meeting, procession or demonstration before the scheduled time.

　　Article 16 When organizing or participating in an assembly, a procession or a demonstration in the name of a state organ, a social organization, an enterprise or institution, the person-in-charge of the organization must, at the same time, submit a certificate signed and stamped by the person-in-charge of the state organ, a social organization, an enterprise or institution.

Chapter III Holding of Assemblies, Parades and Demonstrations

　　Seventeenth of the assembly held according to law, the public security organ shall, according to the actual needs, send people’s police to maintain order and ensure the smooth holding of the assembly.

　　For processions and demonstrations held in accordance with the law, the people’s police responsible for maintaining order should divert traffic on the routes or places where the processions and demonstrations are held with the permission of the competent public security organs, so as to prevent others from disturbing or disrupting the order of processions and demonstrations. When necessary, they can also temporarily implement the relevant provisions of traffic rules flexibly to ensure the smooth progress of processions and demonstrations.

　　Article 18 The people’s police responsible for maintaining traffic order and social order shall be under the unified command of the person in charge at the scene appointed by the competent public security organ. The person in charge of the people’s police at the scene shall keep in touch with the person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration.

　　Article 19 When a procession encounters temporary natural disasters, traffic accidents and other public security disasters on the road ahead, or serious conflicts and chaos occur between processions, processions and onlookers, and other unexpected circumstances suddenly occur, so that the procession cannot follow the permitted route, the person in charge of the people’s police at the scene has the right to temporarily decide to change the route of the procession.

　　Article 20 The cordon temporarily set up by the competent public security organ shall be clearly marked, and obstacles may be set up when necessary.

　　Twenty-first "assembly, procession and demonstration law" listed in Article 23 of the place where no assembly, procession or demonstration is allowed, refers to the distance extending outward from the periphery of the building in the above place; If there is a fence or fence, it shall be counted from the periphery of the fence or fence. The specific peripheral distance of places where assemblies, processions and demonstrations are not allowed shall be stipulated and promulgated by the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　The specific surrounding distance of places where people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government stipulate that assemblies, processions and demonstrations are not allowed shall be conducive to protecting the safety and order of the above places and facilitating the holding of legal assemblies, processions and demonstrations.

　　Twenty-second the person in charge of an assembly, a procession and a demonstration must be responsible for maintaining the order of the assembly, a procession and a demonstration, and should be discouraged if other people join the assembly, a procession and a demonstration; Those who do not listen to dissuasion shall immediately report to the people’s police who maintain order at the scene. The people’s police shall stop it after receiving the report.

　　Signs worn by persons in charge of assemblies, processions and demonstrations designated to assist the people’s police in maintaining order shall be reported to the competent public security organ for the record before the holding.

　　Article 23 In accordance with the provisions of Article 27 of the Law on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations, the people’s police have the right to immediately stop the illegal holding of assemblies, processions and demonstrations or the occurrence of situations that endanger public security or seriously disrupt social order during the assembly, procession and demonstration. For those who refuse to stop and need to order dissolution, they shall inform the personnel present to leave the scene in a specified way within a limited time by broadcasting, shouting and other clear ways. For those who refuse to leave within a limited time, the person in charge of the people’s police at the scene has the right to order the use of police equipment or use other police means to forcibly disperse them in accordance with relevant state regulations; Those who continue to stay at the scene may be forcibly taken away from the scene or immediately detained.

Chapter IV Legal Liability

　　Article 24 Whoever refuses or hinders the people’s police from performing their duties of maintaining traffic order and social order according to law and should be punished for public security administration shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Violation of the provisions of Article 5 of these regulations, which does not constitute a crime, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the Public Security Administration Punishment Law.

　　Article 25 In accordance with the provisions of Articles 29 and 30 of the Law on Assembly, Parade and Demonstration, if criminal responsibility needs to be investigated according to law, the competent public security organ in the place where the meeting is held shall handle it in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Law.

　　Twenty-sixth in accordance with the provisions of Article 33 of the Law on Assembly, Parade and Demonstration, the public security organ shall conduct an interrogation within 24 hours; If forced repatriation is needed, the competent public security organ in the place where the act is committed shall make a Decision on Forced Repatriation and send the people’s police to execute it. The people’s police in charge of execution shall send the deported person back to his place of residence, together with the Decision on Forced Repatriation, to the public security organ of the deported person’s place of residence, which shall handle it according to law.

　　Article 27 In accordance with Articles 28 and 30 of the Law on Assemblies, Demonstrations and Demonstrations and Article 24 of these Regulations, if a party is given administrative penalties for public security, it shall be decided and executed by the public security organ in the place where the act is committed in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the Law on Administrative Penalties for Public Security. If the punished person refuses to accept the punishment decision, he may apply for reconsideration; Anyone who refuses to accept the reconsideration decision of the public security organ at the next higher level may bring a lawsuit to the people’s court in accordance with the law.

　　Article 28 A public security organ shall interrogate a person who is forcibly taken away from the scene or immediately detained in accordance with the provisions of Article 27 of the Law on Assembly, Parade and Demonstration. Those who do not need to be investigated for legal responsibility may be released after making a statement of repentance; Need to be investigated for legal responsibility, in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations.

　　Twenty-ninth in the process of holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, anyone who destroys public or private property or infringes on the body of others and causes casualties shall be liable for compensation according to law.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 30 The provisions of these Regulations shall apply to assemblies, processions and demonstrations held by foreigners in China.

　　If a foreigner requests to participate in an assembly, procession or demonstration held by a citizen of China in China, the person in charge of the assembly, procession or demonstration shall specify it in the application; Without the approval of the competent public security organ, it is not allowed to participate.

　　Article 31 The implementation measures formulated by the standing committees of the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in accordance with the Law on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations shall apply to their respective administrative areas; In case of conflict with these regulations, these regulations shall prevail.

　　Article 32 The Ministry of Public Security shall be responsible for the interpretation of problems in the specific application of these Regulations.

　　Article 33 These Regulations shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

　　According to the National Development and Reform Commission, a few days ago, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a guiding opinion on strengthening the protection and governance of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, proposing that by 2035, the effectiveness of protection and governance of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt should meet the people’s needs for a beautiful lake ecological environment, and basically reach a level of lake protection and governance that is compatible with the goal of beautiful China, effectively ensuring the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The full text is as follows:

Guiding Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission on Strengthening the Protection and Governance of Important Lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Development and Reform Area [2021] No.1617

　　Development and Reform Commission of Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan:

　　Lakes are important carriers of water resources. There are many lake systems in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and there are five freshwater lakes in China. As the key elements of river ecosystem, Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake, Erhai Lake and Dianchi Lake are rich in water, which plays an irreplaceable role in ensuring the safety of ecology, water resources and flood control in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and promoting the economic and social development of the basin.

　　Since the implementation of the strategy of promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River have vigorously promoted the protection and management of the main stream and important tributaries of the Yangtze River, while strengthening the protection and restoration of lakes, and achieved remarkable results. However, due to the special laws of lakes, such as vast water area, slow water exchange and easy diffusion of pollutants, it is more difficult to protect and repair them than the main branches and tributaries of the Yangtze River. In addition, industry and agriculture, population and towns along the lake are densely populated, economic development has long competed with lakes for water and land, and urban construction, especially real estate development, has encroached on lake ecological space. Important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt generally face outstanding problems such as damaged ecological functions, insufficient water conservation capacity, deterioration of water environment, shrinking biodiversity and declining flood storage capacity. In order to thoroughly implement the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, further strengthen the protection and management of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and continuously improve the ecological environment quality of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, with the consent of the leading group for promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

　　I. General requirements

　　(1) Guiding ideology. Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, thoroughly implement the Supreme Leader’s ecological civilization thought, completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept based on the new development stage, integrate and serve the new development pattern, closely follow the development objectives and tasks of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and pay close attention to the major issues of important lakes. Focusing on Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake, Erhai Lake, Dianchi Lake and other important lakes, taking the protection of lake ecological environment as a breakthrough, the rivers and lakes should be treated together, the waterfront should be treated together, and the watershed should be treated together, so as to promote the transformation of important lakes from excessive intervention and overuse to natural restoration and recuperation, build a complete, stable and healthy lake ecosystem, and help the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

　　(2) Basic principles

　　Ecological priority and green development. Firmly establish the concept of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, give full play to the self-repairing ability of nature, and effectively protect important lake ecosystems. According to the carrying capacity of the lake ecosystem, we will further adjust and optimize the layout of the industrial structure in the lake area, and carry out water production and quantity to promote regional green and sustainable development.

　　Make overall plans to promote and integrate governance. Follow the laws of natural ecosystem succession and evolution of rivers and lakes, respect and conform to nature, grasp that rivers and lakes are an organic whole, and consider the elements of river and lake ecosystems as a whole according to the integrity, systematicness and internal logic of the ecosystem of mountains, rivers and lakes, and promote comprehensive management, systematic management and source management.

　　According to local conditions, classified policy. Fully sum up the practical experience of protection and management of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, deeply analyze the characteristics of different types of lakes, scientifically distinguish the commonness and individuality of lakes, grasp the main aspects of major contradictions and contradictions in lake protection and management, focus on key areas, fields and key elements, highlight key points, fill shortcomings, strong and weak items, and scientifically manage and accurately protect them.

　　Deepen reform and improve the mechanism. Benchmarking the new requirements of major national strategies such as the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta on lake protection and governance, improving the system and mechanism of lake protection and governance, improving the policy of lake protection and governance, promoting scientific and technological innovation, further improving the ability and level of lake governance, establishing and improving the long-term mechanism of lake protection and governance, and improving the system of lake protection and governance.

　　(3) Overall objectives. By 2025, there will be no large-scale cyanobacteria bloom in Taihu Lake and Chaohu Lake, which will lead to the black odor of water bodies and ensure the safety of water supply sources. The ecological environment quality of Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, Erhai Lake and Dianchi Lake has been consolidated and improved, the outstanding ecological problems have been effectively treated, and the water quality has been stable and good. The storage capacity of lakes such as Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake has been continuously improved, and a healthy, stable and complete lake and its surrounding ecosystem have been built in an all-round way. By 2035, the effectiveness of the protection and management of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt will meet the people’s needs for a beautiful lake ecological environment, and the level of lake protection and management will basically reach the goal of beautiful China, effectively ensuring the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

　　Second, focus on optimizing the spatial layout

　　(4) Accelerate the construction of a management and control system. Focusing on the objectives and tasks of the protection and management of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, taking into account the integrity of lake ecosystem, the continuity of physical and geographical units and the sustainability of economic and social development, we will speed up the preparation of land spatial planning for the Yangtze River Basin and establish and improve a unified spatial planning system for the basin. We will evaluate the carrying capacity of resources and environment and the suitability of land space development, identify important ecosystems in the lake area, effectively link up the red line of ecological protection, and rationally arrange all kinds of spaces and elements. Optimize the layout of land space development and protection, and plan the utilization of lake water resources, water pollution prevention, water ecological restoration, aquatic biological protection and other spaces according to local conditions. Strengthen the monitoring, evaluation and early warning of key lake basin protection and governance planning, and strictly implement the control of land and space use.

　　(five) to promote the registration of natural resources. Explore and promote the unified registration of natural resources in Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake, Erhai Lake, Dianchi Lake and other important lakes, and build a unified registration system of natural resources with the rule of law, standardization, standardization and informationization. Clarify the boundaries of different natural resource types and clearly define the ownership subject of natural resource assets in ecological space such as important lake basins. Actively explore the ways and means of water right registration, improve the property right system of water resources and promote the optimal allocation of water resources.

　　Third, actively promote ecological protection

　　(six) to strengthen the protection of water coastline. Define the scope of lake management in accordance with the law and the plan, scientifically delimit the lake shoreline protection area, reserved area, controlled utilization area and development and utilization area, clarify the requirements for zoning control and use control, strictly control the project construction and activities that may affect flood control safety, water supply safety and ecological safety, fulfill the permits for river-related construction projects and activities in accordance with the law, and effectively implement the ecological environment impact assessment system. It is forbidden to reclaim land around the lake, and return the land to the lake in an orderly manner. Strengthen the management of sand mining in the lake area and severely crack down on illegal sand mining. We will continue to standardize and promote the "clean-up and chaos" of lakes (indiscriminate occupation, indiscriminate mining, disorderly piling and disorderly construction), carry out plastic waste cleaning in a normal way, and continuously consolidate the effectiveness of cleaning up and rectifying.

　　(seven) the implementation of wetland protection and restoration. Adhere to the combination of protection priority, natural restoration and artificial restoration, lay out and implement major ecological protection and restoration projects in key ecological areas of the Yangtze River, and promote the protection and restoration of important wetlands as a whole. Strengthen the construction of wetland protection and management infrastructure, actively promote the restoration of wetland natural habitats and important wildlife habitats, and promote the steady improvement of important wetland ecosystem functions. We will improve the satellite remote sensing monitoring system, strengthen the supervision and inspection of wetlands, resolutely stop reclamation and occupation of wetlands under various pretexts according to law, and speed up the retreat of wetlands that can be restored.

　　(8) Improve the level of biodiversity. Focusing on Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, we will carry out investigation and monitoring of lake biodiversity and evaluation of biological integrity index, implement rescue operations for rare and endangered species such as Chinese sturgeon and Yangtze finless porpoise, promote the combination of ex situ conservation and artificial breeding protection, and strengthen the protection of key habitats and the preservation of genetic resources. We will improve the system of lake recuperation, strictly implement the system of banning fishing in lakes, resolutely crack down on illegal fishing and effectively restore aquatic biodiversity. Strictly manage the introduction of alien species according to law and strengthen the management of invasive species with major hazards. Strengthen the protection of migratory birds and improve the habitat environment of migratory birds in lakes.

　　Fourth, in-depth implementation of pollution control

　　(9) Strengthen the rectification of outstanding problems in the ecological environment. We will continue to do a good job in the rectification of the ecological environment warning film in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the problems involving important lakes disclosed by the central ecological environmental protection inspector, establish problem accounts in different categories, clarify the rectification plan, pay close attention to negative examples, and strengthen law enforcement supervision. Explore the establishment of a joint prevention and control mechanism for river basin pollution, organize the investigation of deep-seated problems, and establish a long-term mechanism for rectification of lake ecological and environmental problems, and find them together, rectify them together, and sell them together.

　　(10) Intensify the comprehensive prevention and control of pollution. Further promote the implementation of the "4+1" project of urban sewage and garbage treatment, chemical pollution control, agricultural non-point source pollution control, ship pollution control and tailings pollution control in the lake area, and continuously consolidate the achievements of lake environmental pollution control. Ensure the operation of urban and rural domestic sewage treatment facilities in the lake area, standardize the construction of sewage outlets into the lake, and strengthen the investigation and rectification of sewage treatment facilities in industrial parks. Strictly control agricultural non-point source pollution, support the use of organic fertilizers and green pesticides, and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of livestock manure in the lake area.

　　Five, to ensure the safety of drinking water sources

　　(eleven) to strengthen the environmental protection of water sources. In order to ensure the water quality of the water source of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project as the top priority, we will implement special water source enforcement actions and seriously investigate and deal with illegal acts in drinking water source protection areas. Focusing on Dongting Lake and Taihu Lake, we will investigate and ban sewage outlets and docks that have a great impact on water sources. Regularly investigate and evaluate the environmental conditions of centralized groundwater drinking water source replenishment areas, and carry out pilot projects for the remediation of groundwater contaminated sites. For drinking water sources that do not meet the requirements of Class III water quality, it is necessary to formulate and implement water supply guarantee and water quality compliance schemes.

　　(twelve) to improve the safety and security capabilities of water sources. Reasonable layout of drinking water sources and water intakes in the lake area, formulation and publication of drinking water source lists, delineation of drinking water source protection areas, strengthening the construction of emergency standby water sources in important cities in the lake area, and improving the safety and security level of urban and rural drinking water sources. Carry out standardized construction of urban drinking water sources and safety assessment of drinking water sources, and promote the relocation and transformation of heavily polluting enterprises that affect drinking water safety. Strengthen the monitoring of drinking water sources in Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake and other lakes during the high-incidence period of cyanobacteria, and formulate and improve the emergency plan for sudden water pollution incidents with "one lake and one policy".

　　Sixth, accelerate the promotion of green development

　　(thirteen) to strengthen the conservation and intensive use of water resources. In-depth implementation of national water-saving actions to promote the transformation of production, living and ecological water use in the lake area to economical and intensive use. Solidly promote water saving and efficiency improvement in industry, agriculture and cities and towns, strictly control the construction of high-water consumption projects, and strengthen the water use plan and quota management of key monitoring water users in the lake area. Strengthen the demonstration of water resources, improve the monitoring and early warning mechanism of water resources carrying capacity, strengthen the monitoring and measurement of water intake, and strictly control the total regional water consumption.

　　(14) Adjust and improve the industrial structure. Strictly implement the negative list system for the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, accelerate industrial clean production, recycling transformation and comprehensive utilization of resources, and scientifically build the industrial development pattern in the lake area. Strengthen the rectification of "scattered pollution" enterprises, promote the upgrading and transformation of traditional industries such as papermaking, printing and dyeing in Taihu Lake and Chaohu Lake, orderly promote the transfer of related industries to areas with strong resource carrying capacity, and properly do a good job in the follow-up basic livelihood security such as withdrawing from industries and banning fishing in lakes. Explore ways to realize the value of ecological products in Taihu Lake, Erhai Lake and Dongting Lake, and promote the transformation of ecological value.

　　(15) Vigorously promote economic transformation. Actively develop strategic emerging industries and cultivate industries such as biotechnology, new energy, new materials and environmental protection according to local conditions. Actively develop modern service industries in qualified lake areas such as Taihu Lake and fully absorb employed people. We will guide the development of various forms of moderate scale operations and vigorously develop efficient ecological agriculture in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake. We will promote the development of lake tourism in Dianchi Lake and Erhai Lake, create a global tourism demonstration zone, strengthen and improve industries with distinctive advantages such as eco-agriculture, eco-tourism, vacation and recreation, and help promote the industrial transformation and development of the lake area.

　　Seven, improve the system and mechanism.

　　(sixteen) to strengthen the system of rivers and lakes. In accordance with the principle of unified planning, overall planning of river basins and respective responsibilities, relying on the platform of river length system and lake length system, we will improve the lake management system combining river basin management with administrative area management, improve the organization system of lake length system, and compact the territorial responsibility of lake protection and governance. Explore the establishment of a coordinated linkage mechanism between provincial lakes and lakes, and coordinate and solve major issues of lake protection and governance across regions and basins. Study and establish a joint prevention and control mechanism for trans-regional lakes, and strengthen regional cooperation and departmental linkage. Strict supervision and assessment of lake protection and governance, and improve the inspection and supervision system.

　　(seventeen) explore the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism. Encourage the establishment of ecological protection compensation mechanism in the location of important lakes, promote the location of important lakes and rivers entering and leaving lakes to actively explore new ways of compensation for ecological protection in river basins, determine the improvement target of lake water ecological environment through consultation, and accelerate the formation of a pattern of joint protection and governance of lake ecological environment. We will further improve the compensation mechanism for ecological protection and increase the protection of important ecosystems such as forests, grasslands and wetlands. Give full play to the guiding role of central funds and local governments, and improve the channels of compensation funds.

　　(eighteen) to improve the level of supervision and law enforcement. Make full use of modern monitoring methods such as unmanned aerial vehicles, vigorously promote the modernization, automation and informatization of lake monitoring, and continuously improve the monitoring ability and monitoring efficiency. Establish and improve the comprehensive evaluation system of lakes, and regularly and objectively evaluate the health and ecological security of lakes. Accelerate the improvement of laws and regulations on lake protection and governance, vigorously promote joint law enforcement, and strive to improve the comprehensive supervision system. Establish and improve the connection between lake protection administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, and intensify the crackdown on water encroachment, illegal drainage, illegal sand mining and illegal fishing.

　　Viii. Strengthening safeguard measures

　　(nineteen) to strengthen organizational leadership. Adhere to the working principles of overall planning by the central government, overall responsibility by the province and implementation by cities and counties. The Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and other departments have studied and formulated major plans and policy recommendations for lake protection and governance, and coordinated and solved major problems across regions and basins, with strong support from relevant departments. At the provincial level, it is necessary to fulfill the main responsibility, strengthen planning, systematically promote implementation, and issue policy documents to complete the protection and management of important lakes in this province within 2021. At the city and county levels, we will put them in place one by one according to the deployment, further strengthen the practice of making rivers and lakes long at the grass-roots level, and ensure new achievements in lake protection and governance.

　　(twenty) to deepen the study of the problem. Combined with the natural characteristics and functional attributes of different types of lakes, the background situation of lake protection and management was found out. In view of the common and individual problems, we will carry out in-depth research on major issues such as the evolution of river-lake relations, the causes of environmental pollution, the mechanism of cyanobacteria bloom, the protection measures for plateau lakes, and the protection measures for aquatic organisms. Steadily promote the implementation of major projects such as river-lake connectivity, water conservancy and hydropower, and ecological environment protection projects, promote the harmony between rivers and lakes, and continuously expand the ecological environment capacity.

　　(twenty-one) to strengthen financial support. According to the division of financial affairs and expenditure responsibilities, governments at all levels reasonably arrange financial funds for lake protection and governance, and include qualified lake ecological environment protection and restoration projects into the scope of local government special bonds. Actively promote the establishment of a diversified investment and financing mechanism with government guidance, market operation and social participation, and guide state-owned enterprises, various financial institutions and social capital to participate in lake protection and governance according to laws and regulations. Regularly evaluate the effectiveness of lake protection and governance, carry out commendation and awards according to regulations, and further highlight the role of driving demonstration.

　　(twenty-two) to increase publicity. Intensify the propaganda of ecological environment protection of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, make full use of new media and media to publicize and promote good experiences and practices in lake protection and governance, and learn from each other. Strengthen public participation, vigorously publicize the concept of ecological priority and green development, guide the public to participate in voluntary actions for the protection of important lakes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, raise public awareness of responsibility and participation in the protection of rivers and lakes, and promote the formation of a good atmosphere for jointly protecting the mother river of the Yangtze River.

　　At present, China has entered the main flood season from south to north, and some areas have experienced heavy rainfall many times. Some reservoirs, especially dangerous reservoirs, still have weak links such as ineffective implementation of restrictive measures, inadequate performance of the "three responsible persons" for flood control, and untimely disposal of hidden dangers. The safety of reservoirs is facing a major test. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to reservoir safety. Premier Li Keqiang and State Councilor Wang Yong recently gave instructions on reservoir safety and flood control, and put forward clear work requirements. All units must resolutely implement it, adhere to the people first and life first, profoundly learn from the lessons of dam failures of Yongan and Xinfa reservoirs in Inner Mongolia and Guojiazui reservoir in Henan last year, and anchor the goal of "no casualties, no dam failures of reservoirs, no breaches of important dikes, and no impact on major infrastructure". In accordance with the requirements of the Implementation Plan for the Investigation and Remediation of Hidden Dangers in the Operation Safety of Reservoirs, Sluices and Dikes, the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Water Resources on Doing a Good Job in the Flood Control of Reservoirs in 2022, and the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Water Resources on Carrying out Special Investigation and Rectification of Reservoir Flood Discharge Facilities, the safety of small reservoirs, especially dangerous reservoirs, will be further strengthened to ensure the safety of reservoir flood control. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

　　First, ensure that the "three responsible persons" for flood control in small reservoirs perform their duties in place.

　　All units should strictly implement the responsibility system for reservoir dam safety in accordance with the relevant requirements of the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Water Resources on Implementing the Responsible Persons for Reservoir Dam Safety in 2022 and the Duty Manual for Three Responsible Persons for Flood Control in Small Reservoirs (Trial), ensure that all the "Three Responsible Persons" for flood control administration, technology and inspection in small reservoirs are put in place, do a good job in training the responsible persons, especially the new responsible persons, and effectively improve their ability to perform their duties. The person in charge of dam safety and the "three responsible persons" for flood control of small reservoirs should raise their sense of responsibility, establish a firm bottom line thinking, and make every effort to ensure the safety of small reservoirs.

　　Second, do a good job in the safety of small and dangerous reservoirs

　　All units should further strengthen the safety flood control measures for small and dangerous reservoirs and reservoirs with major security risks, improve and implement restrictions on the use of reservoirs one by one, and strictly implement the requirements for the operation of dangerous reservoirs in the main flood season in principle. For the project under construction, it is necessary to compact the main responsibilities of the participating parties such as the project legal person and the supervision responsibility of the water administrative department, strengthen quality and safety management, formulate and effectively implement the flood control plan, and do a solid job in on-site flood control preparation, flood notification and emergency response. For the completed reinforcement project, it is necessary to organize the completion acceptance in time, and resolutely not store water without acceptance or unqualified acceptance.

　　Third, strengthen the safety management of small reservoirs

　　All units should strictly implement the "three key links" of small reservoir rainfall forecasting, reservoir dispatching operation scheme and emergency plan for dam safety management (flood control), revise and improve the plan, and carry out practical exercises to enhance practicality and operability. Accelerate the rectification of hidden dangers of reservoir safety, especially in view of the blockage and occupation of spillway, and immediately remove flood discharge obstacles to ensure smooth flood discharge. Strictly obey the command and dispatch, strengthen communication with meteorological, hydrological and other departments, and strengthen forecasting, early warning, rehearsal and pre-planning measures. When heavy rainfall and serious flood are predicted, measures should be taken to pre-discharge the reservoirs with insufficient flood discharge capacity in advance, so as to vacate the reservoirs to meet the flood season.

　　Fourth, enhance the emergency response capacity of small reservoirs

　　All units should strengthen emergency management, effectively improve the ability of prevention and rapid response to dam-break danger of small reservoirs, further strengthen measures such as transportation, lighting, communication, dam crest hardening and dam slope protection, and preset rescue teams, materials and equipment in advance. Further intensify inspections and inspections, strengthen on-duty duty and dangerous situation monitoring and early warning in flood season, and do a good job in emergency prevention and emergency rescue preparation. Once the danger is found, report it to the higher authorities immediately, and give an early warning to the downstream and related areas, immediately organize the transfer of threatened people, timely organize the rescue of dangerous situations, prevent the occurrence of dam-break incidents, and ensure the safety of people’s lives.

　　Five, strengthen the supervision and inspection of safety flood control work.

　　All units should pay close attention to the implementation of responsibilities, strengthen the supervision and inspection of the safety of small reservoirs, especially dangerous reservoirs, take the performance of "three responsible persons", the implementation of "three key links", the illegal storage of water beyond the flood limit, the blockage and occupation of flood discharge buildings, and the implementation of measures to restrict the use of dangerous reservoirs as the inspection focus, establish a ledger for the problems found, rectify within a time limit, and supervise the major problems.

　　The Ministry of Water Resources will intensify telephone spot checks on the implementation of flood control measures for small reservoirs and the performance of duties of responsible persons, carry out spot checks on hidden dangers of reservoir safety and rectification, and strengthen the safety of small reservoirs in flood control.

　　Liujiaxia Hydropower Station is located in the main stream of the Yellow River in Yongjing County, Gansu Province. The first unit began to generate electricity in 1969. It is the first large-scale hydropower station with a million kilowatts level independently surveyed, designed, manufactured, installed and debugged in China. This year, Liujiaxia Reservoir completed the flood season in early June, and the Yellow River basin entered the main flood season in July. The reservoir increased the discharge flow, lowered the water level and freed up more flood control storage capacity.

　　The picture shows the speedboat sailing on the water of Liujiaxia Reservoir in Yongjing County, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province. Photo by Shi Youdong (Image China)

　　Sanmenxia Water Control Project is the first large-scale water control project built on the main stream of the Yellow River after the founding of New China, connecting Henan and Shanxi provinces. It was basically completed and put into operation in April 1961. At present, Sanmenxia water control project, as an important link of flood control engineering system in the lower Yellow River, plays a very important role in the joint operation of water and sediment regulation together with Xiaolangdi and Wanjiazhai.

　　The picture shows Sanmenxia water control project opening the gate to adjust water and sediment. Sun Meng photo (image China)

　　Wanjiazhai Water Control Project is located in Tuoketuo-Longkou Gorge, the main stream of the North Yellow River. It is the first large-scale water control project planned for cascade development in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. It is also the leading project of Shanxi Province’s Yellow River Diversion Project and the standby water source of Beijing’s water diversion from the northern line. In November 1998, the first unit was connected to the grid to generate electricity. The designed annual average power generation is 2.75 billion kWh, and the designed annual water supply is 1.4 billion cubic meters, including 1.2 billion cubic meters for the Yellow River Diversion Project in Shanxi Province and 200 million cubic meters for Zhungeer Banner in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is of great significance in serving the harnessing and development of the Yellow River, the economic and social development of the basin and the improvement of people’s living standards along the Yellow River.

　　The picture shows overlooking Wanjiazhai Water Control Project. Photo by Gao Xiaozhong (People’s Vision)

　　Xiaolangdi Water Control Project is located in the main stream of the Yellow River in Henan Province, with the south bank belonging to Mengjin District of Luoyang City and the north bank belonging to Jiyuan City. The first 300,000 kW generating unit of the hub was connected to the grid in January 2000. Since 2002, Xiaolangdi Reservoir has been carrying out water and sediment regulation every year, using "artificial flood peak" to send the sediment deposited in the downstream riverbed into the sea and reduce the sediment deposition in Xiaolangdi Reservoir. From June 19 to July 7 this year, Xiaolangdi Reservoir participated in water and sediment regulation before flood season, and started flood control operation on July 17 to lower the reservoir water level ahead of schedule.

　　The picture shows tourists enjoying the magnificent scenery of water and sediment regulation at Xiaolangdi Water Control Project. Photo by Huang Zhengwei (image China)

　　Longyangxia Hydropower Station is located at the junction of Gonghe County and guinan county, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. It is the first large-scale cascade hydropower station planned in Longqing section of the upper Yellow River. Today, Longyangxia Hydropower Station and the Eco-photovoltaic Power Generation Park in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture constitute the water-light complementary power station with the largest installed capacity in Qinghai Province.

　　The picture shows the Longyangxia Hydropower Station overlooking it. Our reporter Yi Yushe

　　Chart source: Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission of Ministry of Water Resources

　　The Yellow River is the mother river of the Chinese nation. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that we should jointly protect and promote great governance, so as to make the Yellow River a river of happiness for the benefit of the people.

　　The water of the Yellow River flows into the sea. The Yellow River, with a total length of 5,464 kilometers and flowing through nine provinces and regions, plays a very important role in China’s economic and social development and ecological security. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has focused on the overall situation of ecological civilization construction, made clear the idea of "giving priority to water conservation, spatial balance, systematic management, and exerting efforts with both hands", and put forward the strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. Great changes have taken place in the economic and social development and people’s lives in the Yellow River Basin.

　　Large-scale water conservancy projects play a key role in protecting and harnessing the Yellow River. Down the river, the water conservancy hub embraces mountains and waters, and the high gorge and Pinghu are like bright pearls. Storing and discharging rooms, turning rolling waves into surging green electricity, bringing gurgling clear water to irrigate fertile fields, and dressing up beautiful mountains and rivers with thousands of hectares of blue waves.

　　Scientific cooperation, cascade operation and comprehensive benefits of large-scale water control projects will be brought into full play. Looking at flood control, the reservoirs represented by Xiaolangdi are jointly dispatched to stop floods and cut peaks, so as to protect the An Lan of the Yellow River from entering the sea. Looking at water supply, Qingtongxia, Wanjiazhai, Sanmenxia, etc. store abundant water to supply water resources for coastal agricultural irrigation areas, energy bases and important towns. The Yellow River basin supports the water demand of 12% of the population and 17% of the cultivated land with 2% of the river runoff in the country. Looking at power generation, the theoretical reserves of hydraulic resources in the Yellow River basin are 43.312 million kilowatts, ranking second among the seven major rivers in China. Laxiwa, Longyangxia and Liujiaxia in the upstream canyon store water and release energy, helping the western region to build a multi-energy complementary system of scenery and water. Looking at ecological protection, Sanmenxia and Xiaolangdi continue to drain water and sediment, and continue to replenish water to the Yellow River estuary delta.

　　Protecting and harnessing the Yellow River has a long way to go. Flood risk, ecological fragility and water shortage still plague the Yellow River. The Yellow River harnessing project, represented by Guxian, Heishanxia and Qikou large-scale water control projects, has been accelerated, providing more powerful support for enhancing the capabilities of flood and drought disaster prevention, water resources conservation and intensive utilization, optimal allocation of water resources, and water ecological protection and management.

　　(Reporter Wang Hao)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 25th Title: Historical Achievement and Historical Change — — A Review of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s Economic Thought Leading Economic and Social Development in the New Era of Supreme Leader

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhao Chao, An Bei, Wang Xi and Zhang Xinxin.

　　The social governance of big countries needs a strong core, and the economic development of big countries needs ideological guidance.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has persisted in observing the general situation, seeking the overall situation and doing practical things, successfully controlled the overall situation of China’s economic development, and formed Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era with the new development concept as the main content in practice.

　　Under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thought in the new era of the Supreme Leader, China’s economic development has entered a new era, from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage.

　　Deeply grasp the logic and laws of development and lead China’s economic giant along the right course.

　　6.9%、6.9%、6.8%… … In the first three quarters of 2017, China’s economy continued to be stable in the middle and high-speed growth platform, the economic structure was continuously optimized, and its vitality was continuously released.

　　Since the beginning of the new century, the world economic situation has undergone major changes. How to firmly grasp the initiative of development and lead the sustained and healthy development of China’s economy in the complicated and changing situation?

　　Over the past five years, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, with the firm determination to cross the rubicon, far-sighted strategic vision and overall control ability, has created new glories under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era.

　　Insist on strengthening the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work — —

　　In the past five years, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally presided over more than 100 meetings related to economic work. the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) often deliberated on major issues related to the overall situation of economic and social development. Under the leadership of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group studied and determined important principles and policies for economic and social development, and the system of leading economic work by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core was increasingly improved.

　　From industrial development to the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, from resources and environment to people’s livelihood, from opening up to innovation-driven, the top-level design of grand economic work has been basically completed, the missing items of major national development strategies have been filled, major principles and policies have become more complete and perfect, and the development direction has become clearer and clearer.

　　Adhere to the people-centered development thought — —

　　Who to develop for is the core issue of economic development.

　　In the past five years, to build a well-off society in an all-round way and adhere to the people’s dominant position has become the basic follow-up of economic work; Don’t talk about heroes by GDP, economic growth is more shared and inclusive, and a series of new achievements have been made in the field of people’s livelihood; Huimin measures have been introduced one after another, and people’s livelihood reform has been deepened, which has United people’s hearts and boosted confidence … …

　　"Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, economic work has highlighted the people-oriented value orientation, and a series of economic and social development achievements in China have benefited from adhering to the people-centered development thinking." Cai Fang, vice president of China Academy of Social Sciences, said.

　　Adhere to adaptation and grasp the new normal of leading economic development — —

　　Orientation determines the direction.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has clearly identified the new orientation of China’s economy, profoundly revealed the deep-seated reasons for the change of economic growth rate, and made a major judgment that China’s economic development has entered a new normal.

　　"China’s economy has entered a new normal. The most intuitive change is the shift in economic growth, but the essential feature is the adjustment of economic structure and the transformation of development mode, which brings strategic opportunities to move towards a high-quality development stage." Wang Yiming, deputy director of the State Council Development Research Center, said.

　　Insist on making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and give full play to the role of the government — —

　　In the past five years, through the implementation of the negative list system, market barriers has further eliminated; Promote the reform of the commercial system, and the vitality of market players continues to increase; The implementation of price reform in the fields of electricity, oil and gas, telecommunications, etc., all kinds of factors fully flow, and market competition is more fair and orderly … …

　　At the same time, the "visible hand" of the government can play a better role, manage the affairs well and in place through "double randomness and one openness", and put the power in place through simple administration and decentralization. The market role and the government role are organically unified and coordinated to jointly promote sustained and healthy economic and social development.

　　Persist in adapting to the main contradictions and changes in China’s economic development and improve macro-control — —

　　China’s economy has entered a new era, and the main contradiction of economic development has been transformed into structural problems. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core firmly grasps the supply-side structural reform, which is the main line of economic work, and strives to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, enhance the driving force of economic development, and promote the overall leap of China’s social productive forces.

　　In the past five years, a series of structural policies have played a great role. The dynamic pattern of China’s economic development has undergone major changes, entrepreneurial innovation has flourished, emerging industries have thrived, consumption has become the first driving force for economic growth, China manufacturing has begun to create a shift to China, and China’s speed has begun to change to China’s quality.

　　Adhere to the problem-oriented deployment of a new strategy for economic development — —

　　The problem is the voice of the times.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, faced with the risks to be solved, the difficulties to be overcome and the shortcomings to be filled, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has put forward new strategies and new measures based on the problem, and constantly met the new needs and aspirations of the people with the problem as the guide, and carried out a series of pioneering and creative work, which has become a distinctive feature of leading economic work.

　　Adhere to the correct working strategies and methods, strive for progress steadily, maintain strategic strength, and adhere to the bottom line thinking — —

　　Striving for progress with stability, promoting stability with progress, and making stability and progress interact with each other in a benign way are the scientific methods for the Party Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core to lead economic work.

　　Under the guidance of this methodology, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has always maintained its strategic strength in the changing world economic situation, built the overall stability with economic stability, and promoted the overall progress with economic progress, which not only has the patience and perseverance of "moving forward step by step", but also has the enthusiasm and enterprising spirit of "rolling up your sleeves and working hard" and constantly creates a new situation in economic work.

　　Promote all-round transformation and deep-seated changes, and lead China’s economy from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage

　　In Liaoning, the old industrial base in Northeast China in late winter, dripping into ice. In every factory, it is a production scene in full swing.

　　"We have changed the one-stop buying and selling of equipment transactions, adopting the methods of renting instead of selling and charging according to the length of use, which are welcomed by customers." Li Wenhua, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Shenyang Machine Tool Group, said that the adjustment of the business model has helped the I5 intelligent machine tool to quickly open the market, and the current order has exceeded 18,000 units.

　　Once upon a time, Liaoning, famous for its manufacturing industry, was labeled as "rough" and "stupid". Nowadays, Liaoning is accelerating the transformation of equipment manufacturing industry to intelligence and high-end, and driving the evolution of traditional industries quietly.

　　Entering a new era, China’s economy has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage.

　　This is an inevitable requirement for maintaining sustained and healthy economic development — — China’s original low-cost competitive advantage is gradually disappearing, the ecological environment constraints are strengthened, and the rapid economic growth is unsustainable. High-quality development is the only way.

　　This is an inevitable requirement to adapt to the changes of the main contradictions in our society and to build a well-off society and a socialist modern country in an all-round way — — To better meet people’s diversified needs for a better life, it is necessary not only to increase the quantity, but also to improve the quality. High-quality development is the need of the times.

　　This is the inevitable requirement of following the development of economic laws — — The law of world development shows that from middle-income countries to high-income countries, there is no exception to the overall change from speed to quality, and high-quality development is a historical choice.

　　In the past five years, under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, China’s system layout structure has been adjusted, transformed and upgraded, and China’s economy has shown a brand-new pattern, while generate has shown a brand-new vitality and temperament.

　　— — From the supply side, we will push China’s economy to achieve quality change.

　　The adjustment of supply and demand structure is a challenging worldwide problem.

　　Standing at the height of major strategic innovation and theoretical innovation, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, starting from improving the quality of supply, promoted structural adjustment by means of reform, corrected the distortion of factor allocation, and led China’s economy to achieve a historic leap.

　　Give priority to "breaking" and effectively resolve excess capacity and ineffective supply. In the past two years, China has withdrawn more than 110 million tons of steel production capacity and more than 400 million tons of coal production capacity. The relationship between supply and demand has improved significantly, and the quality of economic operation has greatly improved.

　　Based on "standing", new kinetic energy for economic development is constantly being generated. In the past five years, strategic emerging industries have developed rapidly, new products in line with the direction of industrial upgrading and consumption upgrading have emerged, new breakthroughs have been made in high-end equipment manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing and other fields, and the conversion of old and new kinetic energy has accelerated.

　　Taking "reduction" as the key, the operating costs of market players continue to decline. With the implementation of business tax reform, China ended the business tax history, and reduced taxes by 1.7 trillion yuan in the past five years, benefiting more than 26 million taxpayers and enabling market players to go into battle lightly.

　　— — Accelerate the reform of economic system and promote the efficiency change of China economy.

　　State-owned enterprise reform, investment and financing system reform, price reform and social credit system construction … … In the past five years, the implementation of a series of measures has helped reduce the burden on market players and created a fair competitive market environment. The new kinetic energy generated by the reform has effectively offset the impact of the weakening of traditional kinetic energy.

　　Focusing on the core issue of dealing with the relationship between the government and the market, the basic reforms in key areas in China have been accelerated, the main framework of the socialist market economic system has been basically established, some reforms that have been brewing for many years have frequently broken through, and some problems that have been delayed for many years and cannot be attacked for a long time have gradually broken through.

　　— — Building an innovative country and promoting the dynamic transformation of China’s economy.

　　Six national research centers have been established, Beidou satellite navigation system has entered the era of global networking, and the development plan of a new generation of artificial intelligence has been launched … … After the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, new initiatives and new achievements in the field of scientific and technological innovation in China have come one after another.

　　"Innovation is the first driving force for development." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly mentioned this important conclusion.

　　From Zhongguancun in Beijing to Zhangjiang in Shanghai, Nanshan in Shenzhen to Optics Valley in Wuhan, from deep space exploration to deep sea exploration, from China to China Bridge, from the successful trial mining of combustible ice to the global leader in mobile payment, the flowers of innovation have spread all over China.

　　Facing the future, an innovative and competitive China will surely achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer and more sustainable development.

　　Adhere to the people-centered development thought and lead China’s economic development to truly benefit the people.

　　"Looking comfortable and comfortable, I have lived for such a big age. I really didn’t expect to enjoy the things in the city!" Ma Wenru, a 76-year-old villager from Beiguan Village, Renqiu City, Hebei Province, was full of praise when he looked at the new toilet with ceramic tile veneer, pumping squatting pan, water heater and wash basin.

　　The small toilet is connected with the people’s livelihood.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is the fundamental position of Marxist political economy to adhere to the people-centered development thought.

　　People’s livelihood is an economic issue, which is the starting point and the end result of all our party’s economic work.

　　— — Insisting on development for the people makes clear the purpose of China’s economic development.

　　“人民对美好生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗目标。”五年前最高领袖总书记作出的庄严承诺言犹在耳。

　　“中国共产党人的初心和使命，就是为中国人民谋幸福，为中华民族谋复兴。”最高领袖总书记在党的十九大报告中再次郑重宣示。

　　全国农村贫困人口从2012年至2016年累计减少5564万人，书写了人类反贫困斗争史上“最伟大的故事”；城镇新增就业2013年至2016年连续4年保持在1300万人以上，民生之本越筑越牢；居民收入增长总体快于经济增长，形成了世界上人口最多的中等收入群体……

　　五年来，保障和改善民生融入我们党经济工作的各领域、各环节，百姓收获了满满的获得感、幸福感。

　　——坚持发展依靠人民，增强了中国经济发展的动力。

　　严冬时节，北京天安门东南50公里处的天津市武清区大王古庄镇一片生机勃勃。“我今天过来考察，打算把部分生产和研发部门搬到这里。”北京凌天世纪控股公司总经理常建说。

　　近年来，这个地理位置优越的小镇通过工业园区建设，不仅壮大了经济实力，还增加了村民的就业机会，提高了收入水平。

　　From the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei to the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the regional coordinated development strategy not only contains huge economic development potential, but also provides a good opportunity to improve people’s livelihood and well-being.

　　Income distribution reform, household registration system reform, and the integration of urban and rural old-age care … … The continuous dividend of people’s livelihood has improved the people’s sense of fairness, and entrepreneurial innovation has broken ground, constantly expanding emerging industries with the magical "magic" like turning stone into gold.

　　Lai Youwei, a researcher at the State Council Development Research Center, said: "People-centered can stimulate the creativity of the broad masses of people to the greatest extent, provide an inexhaustible source of power for reform and development, and make economic indicators and people’s livelihood indicators rise simultaneously."

　　— — Insist that the fruits of development should be shared by the people, and make clear the direction of China’s economic development.

　　China, which is "developed", is in a period of prominent contradictions, deep-water development and reform, and the shortcomings of people’s livelihood are emerging one after another.

　　In the past five years, in view of the shortcomings and weaknesses in the decisive period of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we have launched a tough battle against poverty and pollution prevention; In view of the worries of people’s livelihood, new progress has been made in providing education for young children, learning to teach them, earning income from hard work, getting medical care for the sick, providing for the old, living in a house and helping the weak; In response to the people’s strong demand for a clean sky, blue land and green water, China’s determination to promote ecological civilization construction is unprecedented, and the ecological environment has improved significantly … …

　　Governing the country regularly and benefiting the people.

　　"The gold content of people’s livelihood is the touchstone to test the quality of all development." Wang Tongsan, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that the continuous improvement of the social policy system and the continuous improvement of people’s livelihood not only make China more capable of stabilizing economic fluctuations and resisting social risks, but also promote the all-round development of people and social progress.

　　Coordinate the two overall domestic and international situations, and lead China’s economy to be deeply integrated, stable and far-reaching in globalization.

　　It has contributed more than 30% to the world economic growth, and has been the world’s largest trader of goods for several years in a row, becoming the largest trading partner of more than 120 countries and regions … … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has become the main power source and stabilizer of world economic growth, and its influence on global economic development and its right to speak on global governance have been greatly enhanced.

　　Openness brings progress, while closure is bound to lag behind.

　　Deeply grasp the relationship between China and the world, comprehensively grasp the external environment of China’s development, and scientifically grasp the process of economic globalization. Under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thought of the supreme leader in the new era, China’s attitude of opening to the outside world has become more active and firm.

　　Deeply integrate into the world economy and promote the formation of a new pattern of comprehensive opening up — —

　　"Exploring the construction of a free trade port", a new formulation in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, has aroused great concern at home and abroad.

　　Freeport is a special economic functional zone with the highest opening level in the world. From the establishment of the Pilot Free Trade Zone in 2013 to the construction of a free trade port with China characteristics, the experimental fields actively expanding and opening up in China have become increasingly flourishing, and new highlands have emerged one after another.

　　Over the past five years, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has systematically expounded major theoretical and practical propositions such as whether to open up in the new era, what kind of opening up is needed, how to better promote opening up, and pushed China’s open economy to a higher level.

　　"Promoting the formation of a new pattern of all-round opening up includes a series of objectives and tasks such as improving the level of opening up, broadening the scope and fields of opening up, expanding the scale of opening up, and improving the quality of opening up." Professor Sang Baichuan of university of international business and economics said.

　　Go to the world with a more proactive attitude, promote major top-level designs such as the "Belt and Road" construction to win the initiative of economic development, inject new impetus into China’s economy and expand new space.

　　Up to now, China has signed "One Belt, One Road" cooperation agreements with 80 countries and organizations, carried out institutionalized capacity cooperation with more than 30 countries, and promoted the construction of 75 overseas economic and trade cooperation zones in 24 countries along the route. China enterprises have invested more than 50 billion US dollars in countries along the route.

　　Show the "China Business Card" to the world and create a new advantage in international cooperation and competition — —

　　On November 11th, people from more than 200 countries and regions around the world joined the "Double Eleven" online shopping carnival sponsored by Internet companies in China, from tiksi town along the Russian Arctic Ocean in the north to Tierra del Fuego province across the sea from Antarctica in the south.

　　On the one hand, China is made in every corner of the world, and its brand image is getting better and better; on the other hand, new formats and models such as digital economy are booming and leading the world. The "Double Eleven" reflects the spillover effect of China’s economic development.

　　In today’s world, a new round of scientific and technological and industrial revolution is gestating, the international division of labor system and transnational flow of factors are accelerating, new technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality are developing with each passing day, and the global value chain is being deeply reshaped.

　　China’s interaction with the world is getting closer and closer, and the relationship between opportunity sharing and common destiny is becoming increasingly prominent. China’s economy can find a correct orientation and grasp the law in gaining insight into the development trend of the world, and effectively cope with the profound changes in the world economy.

　　Promote reform in opening up and promote development in opening up.

　　In the past five years, from the successful test flight of the large plane C919 to the launch of the first quantum science experimental satellite "Mozi", the enhancement of China’s innovation ability has continuously enhanced the international competitiveness of economic development; From high-speed railway to UHV power transmission and transformation, a series of major equipment in China have gone global and become the upstream in the global value chain.

　　Mei Xinyu, a researcher at the Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, believes that China’s economy, which has entered a new era, has become a leader in the development of the world economy, rather than a passive receiver of fluctuations in the international market that was simply "in line with international practices".

　　Follow the principle of cooperation, joint construction and sharing, and write a new chapter of global common development — —

　　In recent years, the global economic growth momentum is insufficient, "anti-globalization" and "anti-globalization" thoughts are surging, the tendency of major national policies is on the rise, trade frictions and investment protection are intensifying, and the sustained and stable growth of the world economy is facing a severe test.

　　It is difficult for a solitary person to get up, but it is easy for many walkers to move.

　　Initiate the establishment of the AIIB and the BRICS New Development Bank, creating a precedent for developing countries to set up new multilateral financial institutions; Promote the IMF to complete the share reform and governance mechanism reform, and enhance the representation and voice of emerging economies and developing countries; Actively promote the reform of the global governance system and promote the construction of a community of human destiny … …

　　"These theories and practices show that Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thoughts of the Supreme Leader in the new era lead China’s economy to the world and integrate into the world, provide China’s plan for world economic development and common progress of mankind, and contribute China’s wisdom." Nankai University professor Yan Jinju said.

Special topic: Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan

　　　　"Disaster is command and time is life". After Wenchuan County’s "5.12" earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale, in the face of this sudden disaster, at the critical moment when people’s lives in the disaster area were seriously threatened, 18 warriors of the first batch of earthquake relief commandos from Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, marched on foot for more than 40 hours and more than 200 miles with dauntless heroism in the face of many difficulties such as aftershocks, landslides, harsh environment and difficult conditions.

　　　　Race against time and fight against death, 18 warriors are the first fire rescue team to go to Wenchuan County for disaster relief. They searched and rescued the trapped people for the first time; First time to repair the power plant, so that Wenchuan County resumed power supply for the first time; Send "life-saving water" to 600 million people in the disaster area at the first time; The first time they fought in the most difficult and dangerous frontier … So far, they are still fighting in the front line of earthquake relief …

　　　　Warriors who entered the disaster area walked for more than 40 hours and traveled more than 200 miles.

　　　　At 14: 40 on May 12, after receiving an urgent order from the state government, Aba Prefecture Fire Brigade led 18 officers and men, dispatched 3 rescue vehicles and special equipment led by Ye Guangyuan, political commissar of the detachment, and rushed to the Wenchuan disaster area in the epicenter. The situation along the way was dangerous, with heavy rain, aftershocks, landslides, mudslides, road deformation, and huge stones piling up … making the March extremely difficult. Ye Guangyuan’s political commissar took the lead, and Xin Ping’s chief of staff courageously took the lead, setting an example for the officers and men and taking the initiative to rush to the front of the team. The morale of the officers and men was greatly encouraged, and while clearing the road obstacles, they stubbornly advanced to the disaster area. However, the closer we get to Wenchuan, the more difficult the journey becomes. When the team goes to the Gulgou section of Lixian County (more than 90 kilometers away from Wenchuan County), the vehicles can no longer move forward. Political commissar Ye Guangyuan ordered with the courage and perseverance of a soldier: "Never delay a minute, even if you climb, you must climb to Wenchuan"! It was decided to leave three drivers, namely Xu Guorong, Liu Yang and Ye Chuntao, to stay in the rescue vehicle, and then drive the rescue vehicle to Wenchuan after the road was clear. The remaining 15 officers and men each carried more than 20 kilograms of rescue equipment and walked to the Wenchuan disaster area overnight.

　　　　It was extremely difficult to travel on foot. After 12 kilometers, aftershocks occurred again, and the mountain landslides continued along the way. The sound of flying stones was as horrible as thunder, and the earthquake disaster almost made it impossible. In addition, it was dark at night and the rain was heavy, so the officers and men had to struggle and crawl in the "forbidden area of life".

　　　　Despite the harsh conditions, the officers and men insisted on walking forward, which attracted great attention from china national radio, and conducted a live online interview with Ye Guangyuan, political commissar of the detachment. Political commissar Ye Guangyuan said: Although the rescue road to the disaster area is dangerous, it is the bounden duty and duty of fire officers and soldiers to save the lives of the people in the disaster area. If we arrive one second early, it is possible to save one more person. Even if we go through fire and water, even if we are smashed to pieces, we will make rapid progress!

　　　　Aftershocks are still happening, and stones fall from mountain to mountain, so the officers and men can’t care about their personal safety. Under the leadership of political commissar Ye Guangyuan, the expedition led by chief of staff Xin Ping charged all the way ahead. When traveling 10 kilometers away from Lixian city, people called it the "ghost gate" section, the officers and men ignored the local people’s dissuasion, and the mountain kept falling stones, which might be in danger of death at any time, and resolutely walked forward quickly. After struggling with death, the perseverance and courage of 15 officers and men finally conquered the "death gate" and passed safely.

　　　　The officers and men climbed mountains, crossed rivers and mountains, and arrived in Lixian County on foot for more than 100 hours in a row. Guo Haitao, deputy instructor of Lixian Brigade, neglected the safety of his daughter who went to school in Dujiangyan, the hardest hit area, and his wife who went to work in Wenchuan County, the epicenter, and actively accepted the orders of the superior troops and quickly joined the ranks of commandos.

　　　　Along the way, heavy rain continued, mud was everywhere, mudslides continued, and destroyed vehicles and dead people were seen in many places. The officers and men overcame hunger and fatigue in the extreme state and rushed through dozens of road breaks where boulders and mudslides rolled. The tenacious style of the officers and men and their persistent spirit of caring for the safety of the people in the disaster areas touched the people along the way. Many people sent water, drinks and guidance to lead the way. Sixteen officers and men walked more than 100 miles again despite difficulties and obstacles. At about 14 noon on May 14th, four members, Guo Haitao, Zhou Wenqiang, Li Jinguo and Ma Xiaolong, led by Xin Ping, chief of staff, arrived in Wenchuan County for the first time, and the rest of them arrived safely, winning the first victory of marching on foot and becoming the first fire rescue team to arrive in the disaster area of Wenchuan County.

　　　　More than 40 hours of forced March is a test of perseverance and courage for officers and men. Due to the rugged road shape and fast progress, five or six blood bubbles were formed on the feet of officers and men, and two or three blisters were at least. Some of their faces were scratched by thorns, and some of their feet were cut by stones, but none of the officers and men retreated and were discouraged. Ma Xiaolong, a new soldier, carries more than 20 kilograms of mobile chain saws, and Li Jinguo, a third-phase sergeant, carries heavy rescue equipment and has been charging ahead; Zhou Wenqiang, a third-phase petty officer, took off his clothes and wrapped them in cameras and cameras in heavy rain, regardless of the dangers on the way, and collected touching pictures of officers and men in a sinister environment; Pu Decai, the vice captain of the squadron directly under the company, took the lead in carrying heavy relief equipment and took the initiative to undertake the task of observation and vigilance; With great patience and perseverance, political commissar Ye Guangyuan overcame many difficulties, such as high blood pressure and rapid physical overdraft, and kept the marching speed, and constantly encouraged officers and men in various ways, so that the troops always maintained high morale; With excellent physical quality, tenacious and courageous fighting style, Chief of Staff Xin Ping led the commandos to charge at the forefront of extreme danger. During the March, he left the danger to himself first.

　　　　Fire officers and soldiers came … Fire officers and soldiers came … Many people in Wenchuan County were filled with tears and excited after seeing the fire officers and soldiers, which made the people in the disaster area see hope.

　　　　On the evening of May 15th, three drivers, Xu Guorong, Liu Yang and Ye Chuntao, ignored the danger of flying rocks along the way, and after more than 100 hours of hard travel day and night, they also safely delivered large-scale rescue equipment and rescue vehicles to Wenchuan, providing a guarantee for earthquake relief.

　　　　To repair the power supply, the warriors soaked in muddy water for more than 10 hours.

　　　　After the commandos arrived in Wenchuan, they didn’t have time to rest for a moment. They immediately set up the earthquake relief headquarters of Aba fire brigade with political commissar Ye Guangyuan as the chief commander, and made arrangements for the earthquake relief work. And immediately received the first urgent task of Aba Prefecture Earthquake Relief Headquarters: to repair Xiazhuang Power Plant and restore power supply to important departments in Wenchuan City as soon as possible.

　　　　After the earthquake, the power supply facilities in Wenchuan County were severely damaged, which brought great difficulties to the rescue of the wounded, and the lives of thousands of injured people were dying and in danger …

　　　　Time is life. One minute earlier, it is possible to save one more life. On May 15th, the officers and men of the commando team didn’t have time to rest for a moment, and risked being crushed, crushed and buried by the collapse of rocks at any time. They walked for more than two hours and more than 20 miles and went to Xiazhuang Power Plant for emergency repair.

　　　　After arriving at the power plant, the officers and men found that the 200-meter-long diversion channel of the power plant had accumulated a lot of collapsed stones and sediment, and the mountain might collapse at any time. None of the officers and men retreated. Under the demonstration of Dai Changqing’s deputy detachment and Xin Ping’s chief of staff, the officers and men jumped into the muddy water one by one and cleaned up the blocked gravel and sediment with tools and hands.

　　　　The channel cleaning work is extremely difficult, and it is less than 20 meters per hour. In the battle, some small soldiers can only show their shoulders above the muddy water, but they still insist on fighting. The officers and men didn’t rush to take a sip of water, let alone catch their breath. Some officers and men were injured in many places during the March, and their physical strength was seriously overdrawn, but no one was bitter and tired, and they continued to fight …

　　　　After more than 10 hours of continuous fighting, the stones and sundries accumulated in the water diversion channel have been cleaned up in a large scale, and the 200-meter-long water diversion channel has been excavated with a width of 2 meters. At this time, the hands of Wang Maoneng, Guo Haitao, Pu Decai, Xu Guorong, Deng Baiwei, Tang Wenguang, Wu Wei, Yang Yi, Hu Yong, Ma Xiaolong, Li Jinguo and many other officers and men, headed by Dai Changqing, chief of staff of Xin Ping, have also become bloody. After the water diversion was successful, the first group of generators generated electricity successfully after being tested by the technicians of the power plant.

　　　　The earthquake caused the water diversion channel of the power plant to be damaged to varying degrees, and a large number of sundries were blocked at the intake gate valve, so the water diversion flow of the newly excavated channel could not meet the normal power supply, and the power supply was interrupted instantly. Under the leadership of Xin Ping, the chief of staff, the officers and men of the commandos risked the huge impact of the river to quickly clean up the debris stuck in the intake gate valve. Comrade Pu Decai volunteered to go into the water at the first time. He quickly tied a safety rope and risked his life, and most of his body was immersed in the cold and dirty river water of the river dam. After more than three hours of hard struggle, all the sundries tightly wrapped in the gate valve were cleaned up, and the water diversion flow reached the normal power supply requirements, and the power was successfully sent to Weizhou Town Power Supply Station in Wenchuan County.

　　　　It lasted until late at night, and the officers and men returned to the camp. As soon as they entered the door, the officers and men only drank a few mouthfuls and fell asleep. Hot and hot food, no one to eat, really tired …

　　　　On May 16th, after 105 hours of power interruption in Wenchuan County, the power supply of waterworks, hospitals, government headquarters, public security, fire protection and other important departments was partially restored after emergency repair by commandos and electric technicians. The tenacious fighting style of officers and men was highly praised by Xiao Youcai, deputy commander of the Aba earthquake relief headquarters and deputy governor of the state government. Deputy Secretary Chen Guihua, the executive commander-in-chief of earthquake relief in Aba Prefecture, mentioned the significance of power supply, and used three "too" for the outstanding contribution and role of fire officers and soldiers: "It’s too hard, too effective, and too good for earthquake relief".

　　　　Don’t give up, don’t stop, the warriors are fighting at the forefront of the search and rescue of trapped people.

　　　　At 8 o’clock in the morning on the 18th, Aba Fire Fighting and Earthquake Relief Headquarters received a transfer order. Some people were buried in the earthquake behind Jiexin Garden Credit Cooperative in Wenchuan County. The rescue team has been searching and rescued for 2 days, but it still falls as follows. Zhang Fuchang, commander-in-chief and Xin Ping, deputy commander-in-chief of the earthquake relief headquarters of Aba Fire Force, quickly led the commandos and rushed to the scene for search and rescue with rescue equipment.

　　　　The officers and men found at the scene that there was a 2-storey residential building close to the mountain. The boulder and dust that had been collapsed by the earthquake were almost buried, and the search and rescue channel with a depth of more than 2 meters was dug behind the stairs of the house. Dozens of people on the scene were telling about the situation of the trapped people. According to the family members of the trapped people, the rescue team has been searching and rescuing for two days, and their whereabouts are still unknown. My wife may be buried in the toilet area, and her survival is slim.

　　　　Aftershocks keep happening, rocks fall from mountain to mountain, and time is life. The officers and men can’t care about their personal safety, let alone the danger of falling rocks from mountain, and quickly start search and rescue after readjusting the disaster relief plan. The officers and men used fire-fighting demolition and search and rescue equipment to transfer stones and dust. One hour, two hours and ten hours passed, and no signs of survivors were found in the search and rescue.

　　　　However, the officers and men still did not give up. With the joint efforts of a large number of other search and rescue teams mobilized later, they still did not stop searching, trying to get through the search and rescue channel for the first time and win the final victory of the rescue.

　　　　60,000 victims’ "life-saving water" infiltrated from the hearts of the warriors.

　　　　After the earthquake, the water supply pipe network in Wenchuan county was seriously damaged, and the domestic water and medical water for the affected people and disaster relief teams were all transported by fire forces.

　　　　Water is the source of life. Without it, everything will not survive. Water is the most needed material for human beings. Without it, human beings will also face extinction, which shows how important water is to more than 600 million people in disaster areas.

　　　　Commando officers and men took the initiative to shoulder this arduous task at the first time, transporting and supplying water to the county town and some surrounding towns and villages every day to solve the problem that people, students and disaster relief teams in disaster areas have difficulty in drinking water and using water.

　　　　The officers and men set out at 6 o’clock in the morning and returned to the team at 9 o’clock in the evening, using fire trucks to deliver water and fire hydrants to release water at fixed points. On average, more than 10 fire-fighting vehicles are dispatched every day, and more than 10 fire hydrants are opened at fixed points. The journey is more than 100 kilometers, and the water supply time is as long as 15 hours. The water supply and delivery amount is more than 500 tons, which ensures the domestic water supply of more than 600 million people in the disaster area.

　　　　When they learned that some important places were seriously short of water, the officers and men took the initiative to deliver water to them. After a medical clinic of an Air Force entered the disaster area of Mianchi Town, Wenchuan County on May 16th, due to the distance from the county seat and the large number of people gathered, the water used for medical treatment and domestic use was very tight, and the health of officers and soldiers in the medical clinic and the masses of the wounded could not be guaranteed, which brought a lot of inconvenience to the earthquake relief work. When the officers and men learned about this situation, they immediately dispatched two fire engines every day to deliver water to the officers and men of the medical clinic and the affected people regularly, so as to solve the problem of difficult water use and draught in the medical clinic. Subsequently, water was sent to health departments, medical places, schools, headquarters, disaster relief teams and other related units, which was well received by the disaster relief teams of the people in the disaster areas.

　　　　The scene of water delivery is touching. When the "water of life" flows out from the fire truck, the eyes of the people in the disaster area are moist, and the eyes of the officers and men are moist … The officers and men help the people to carry water, and the people wipe the sweat for the officers and men. The scenes truly interpret "the earthquake is heartless, and the soldiers and civilians are close to each other"!

　　　　By May 28th, the commandos had delivered more than 20,000 tons of water to the people in the disaster area and the disaster relief team.

　　　　Move the position, the warriors are still in the front line.

　　　　With the in-depth development of the earthquake relief work, the sanitation and epidemic prevention decontamination work in the disaster area has become the second battle, which is a top priority and urgent task. According to the unified arrangement of the earthquake relief headquarters of Aba fire brigade, the commando officers and soldiers continue to undertake the work of assisting the local sanitation and epidemic prevention departments to carry out sanitation and epidemic prevention decontamination in the disaster area.

　　　　On May 17, officers and men were ordered to go to the oil company to wash the open space seriously polluted by the corpse parked some time ago. After arriving at the scene, the officers and men ignored the psychological taboo and the residual smell of corpse, and risked being infected by bacteria and acted quickly. During the washing, the sewage wet the trouser legs of the officers and men, and mud splashed on their faces. However, the officers and men put all this behind them, added enough water pressure to wash them with all their strength, and after nearly two hours of hard work, they finally washed the open space with an area of 3 mu.

　　　　In the past few days, according to the requirements of the headquarters, the commandos sent rescue teams every day to wash and clean more than 20 public toilets temporarily used in Wenchuan County, creating a hygienic and clean environment for the people and rescue teams in the disaster areas, effectively curbing the occurrence and spread of epidemic and other infectious diseases in the disaster areas.

　　　　In this earthquake relief, 18 commando officers and men have withstood the test of life and death, resisted the concern for their families, carried forward the dedication of caring for everyone, and always maintained high morale and fighting style to overcome difficulties, and devoted themselves to the front line of earthquake relief. A number of advanced typical figures have emerged, such as Pu Decai, Ma Xiaolong, Deng Baiwei, Li Jinguo and Kuang Jianchong. One person was awarded a second-class merit by the firewire, another was awarded a third-class merit by the firewire, two people joined the the Communist Party of China (CPC), one person was reported to the Central Political and Legal Committee for commendation, and 18 people were all recommended as heroes of earthquake relief by the provincial public security department, becoming a sharp knife team and a team with amazing fighting capacity in the earthquake relief team of Aba Prefecture fire forces.

　　　　At present, these 18 officers and men are still at the forefront of earthquake relief, and continue to write new glories and new chapters in history with indomitable spirit and style!

　　　　Information on the first batch of 18 commandos who went to Wenchuan for earthquake relief.

　　　　Aba Prefecture Fire Brigade: Ye Guangyuan (political commissar of the detachment), Xin Ping (chief of staff of the detachment), Wang Maoneng (police staff), Zhou Wenqiang (squad leader), Liu Yang (driver), Pu Decai (vice captain directly under the squadron), Deng Baiwei (squad leader), Tang Wenguang (squad leader), Wu Wei (deputy squad leader), Xu Guorong (driver) and Ye Baiwei.

　　　　Reinforce the fire officers and soldiers stationed in Mianyang, Aba Prefecture to maintain stability in Tibetan areas: Huang Li (vice captain), Li Jinguo (acting platoon leader), Kuang Jianchong (acting platoon leader) and Xian Yuezhi (combatant).

Editor: Zhou Zhongxiao

　　Original title: Century Erqi Factory witnessed the early workers’ movement in China.

The century-old factory area of Erqi Factory has now become the 1897 Science and Technology City of Erqi Factory, providing a brand-new urban living space for the surrounding residents. The picture shows the surrounding residents visiting the exhibition. Photo by Ping Liu

　　In 1897 Kechuang City, Erqi Factory, the former site of the "Erqi" strike in Changxindian, Fengtai District, a special exhibition called "Centennial Follow-up" is going on. Precious exhibits and historical materials, such as the "foreign" railway tracks more than 120 years ago and the payroll of railway workers in Changxindian a hundred years ago, show the vigorous workers’ movement in Changxindian area in the 1920s and the century-long development course of railway construction in China.

　　Eight modern buildings remain in the former site of the "February 27" strike.

　　Walking into the 1897 Kechuang City of Erqi Factory, there are several European-style buildings scattered around the central lawn. The unique triangular mountain flowers and round ventilation window on the gable are unique. These old buildings with a hundred years of history are the modern architectural remains of Erqi Locomotive Factory.

　　The history of Erqi Locomotive Works can be traced back to 1897. As a part of Lubao Railway, the Qing government set up a simple small factory on the north side of the west bank of Lugou Bridge that year-Lugou Bridge Machinery Factory of Lubao Railway. In 1900, under the coercion of western forces, the northern end of Lubao Railway was extended to Qianmen and renamed Jinghan Railway. The original Lugouqiao Machine Factory of Lubao Railway was moved to Changxindian and renamed as "Changxindian Machine Factory of Jinghan Railway". The earliest batch of industrial workers in Beijing was born here, which is one of the birthplaces of modern industry in Beijing, and it has become the starting point and model of combining Marxism with the workers’ movement in China in the changing historical process. Mao Zedong once commented, "The China Workers’ Movement started from Changxindian Railway Factory."

　　In 1966, the factory was renamed as "Beijing Erqi Locomotive and Rolling Stock Factory", which was named after "Erqi" for the first time. Since then, Erqi Factory has continued to operate until it stopped production and transformed in 2018.

　　Today, there are still 8 modern architectural remains in Erqi Factory, including 7 office buildings and 1 production workshop. Among the office buildings, 6 are French style buildings and 1 is Belgian style buildings. As a whole, the building is built with fair-faced brick walls, with two slopes covered with iron tile roofs, modern doors and windows decorated, triangular mountain flowers on the upper part of gables, decorative lines around the feet, and a circular ventilation window in the center. The production workshop is a typical modern workshop building form.

　　These eight modern architectural remains of Erqi Locomotive Works were selected as the seventh batch of "National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units" in 2013, which is one of the former sites of the "Erqi" strike in Changxindian, Fengtai District. After the dismantling of the manufacturing industry of Erqi Locomotive Company in 2018, these modern architectural remains are in an idle state. At present, Fengtai District Cultural and Tourism Bureau has organized and started the structural inspection of cultural relics buildings, and the repair work will be carried out later.

　　Precious historical materials reproduce the railway workers’ movement a hundred years ago

　　In the auditorium of the factory, which was built in 1933, the special exhibition "One Hundred Years of Follow-up" is under way. Entering the special exhibition hall, a train "drives" head-on. This is a set based on the first generation locomotive of "Mao Zedong". The hammer and caliper on the front of the locomotive are the symbols of workers. The ground under the locomotive is covered with glass plates, and there are two rails under the glass plates. These two railway tracks have a lot of origins: one was made in 1896 and the other was made in 1897, when they crossed the ocean to Beijing and were used to build the Lubao Railway.

　　There is a historical photo of Zhang Zhengui in the exhibition, which is the image of Changxindian Railway Station when it was completed in 1899. Mao Zedong, Deng Zhongxia and other revolutionary movements in Changxindian all got off here.

　　In the exhibition, there is also the wage table of Changxindian Locomotive Works at that time, that is, the "salary" list. At that time, the factory was very strict with the management of workers, and implemented a "big week" working system, that is, one day off every two weeks, going to work at 6 am and leaving work at 6 pm every day, excluding lunch breaks. Ordinary workers had to work 11 hours a day, but their wages were only a few cents, and it was difficult for these ordinary workers to get all their wages. However, foreign factory directors and employees work 8 hours a day and take a day off every week, but their wages are several times, dozens of times or even higher than those of workers.

　　At that time, apart from the double oppression and exploitation of imperialism and warlords, the foremen also set up many unreasonable regulations privately, such as fines for drinking water and speaking during working hours, and the foremen used the money exploited by the workers to build houses for the workers to live in collectively, and forced the workers to join in for dinner, which was called "Guo Gang". There are twenty or thirty people to fifty or sixty people in each "pot gang", and at most 70 people live in three rooms. After layers of exploitation, workers get very little salary.

　　Before and after the May 4th Movement, in order to find the knowledge and truth of saving the country and strengthening the country, a large number of aspiring young people went to France to work and study. Why did the preparatory class for studying in France choose to be established in Changxindian? It turns out that Changxindian Railway Factory was built and managed in the French, which has the foundation of learning French and can also provide opportunities for work-study.

　　After the May 4th Movement, railway workers in Changxindian began to accept the influence of new ideas. In March, 1920, Li Dazhao, Deng Zhongxia and others secretly established the Marxist Theory Research Association in Peking University. Shi Wenbin and Ge Shugui, railway workers in Changxindian, were members of the Marxist Theory Research Association. In order to publicize Marxism to workers and awaken their class consciousness, the communist party early organization in Beijing put forward the slogan of "Go among the workers". After the establishment of the Beijing communist party Group at the end of 1920, Li Dazhao sent Deng Zhongxia and others to Changxindian to consult with Shi Wenbin and other workers to organize a labor cram school. Changxindian labor tutorial school is known as the rising place of "Red Star in the North" and has trained a group of backbones for the workers’ movement. In the second half of 1921, Shi Wenbin, Wang Jun and Kang Jingxing joined the Party and became the first batch of workers in Changxindian, party member.

　　The old factory area, which has witnessed the vigorous workers’ movement for a hundred years, has been transformed into a science and technology city with a new format. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China’s railway industry has also developed vigorously, and its independent innovation ability has been continuously enhanced, and it has made one remarkable achievement after another.

　　Transformation of Erqi Old Factory Building Embracing New Business Form

　　The history of Erqi Factory has continued from modern times to this day. The present 1897 Kechuang City of Erqi Factory was transformed from a century-old factory. Walking in the factory, I saw the boring machine turned into a waterfall fountain, the waste industrial iron drum turned into a black-and-white cow, the small crane became a road flag, and the shovel head and valve were painted with different colors to become tropical fish and bouquets.

　　In addition to these amazing landscapes under the arrangement of waste instruments and tools, the whole factory has bid farewell to the old appearance of industrial production and become a brand-new urban living space.

　　Here, we can see a new space with industrial style and fashionable style inside, and Building N16 is one of the representative works. It used to be a factory building with an area of more than 600 square meters and a height of 10 meters. After careful design, it was transformed into a three-story space with a usable area of more than 1,200 square meters. It has a large-scale ladder "classroom" that can accommodate more than 120 people at the same time, a shared reading area, and a multi-functional conference room, office and living room that can accommodate 30 to 100 people.

　　Factory buildings have been transformed into incubators, cultural and creative spaces, restaurants and bars, children’s entertainment spaces and shopping spaces, enriching people’s lives in Changxindian and even the west bank of Fengtai section of Yongding River. The 1897 Science and Technology Innovation City of Erqi Factory has injected a strong vitality into Changxindian and led a new way of regional development. (Sun Ying)

　　Guide to visit the former site of the "February 27" strike

　　Address: No.1 Yanggongzhuang, Erqi Road, Fengtai District

　　Opening hours: The "Centennial Follow-up" special exhibition will be held from Tuesday to Saturday from 9: 00 to 16: 00 (it will be closed from 12: 00 to 13: 00 and closed at 15:30).

　　Appointment method: Pay attention to "Beijing Fengtai" WeChat WeChat official account, and click "Pavilion Appointment" at the bottom of the homepage.

The People’s Liberation Army of China will conduct important military exercises and organize live-fire shooting in the following sea areas and airspace from 12: 00 on August 4 to 12: 00 on August 7, 2022. Specifically:

North latitude 25°15′ 26″ , east longitude 120 29 & prime; 20″ , latitude 24°50′ 30″ , east longitude 120 05 & prime; 45″ , latitude 25°04′ 32″ 119 51 & prime; E; 22″ , latitude 25°28′ 12″ 120 14 & prime; E; 30″ Connect at four o’clock

North latitude 26°07′ 00″ , east longitude 121 57 & prime; 00″ , latitude 25°30′ 00″ , east longitude 121 57 & prime; 00″ , latitude 25°30′ 00″ , east longitude 121 28 & prime; 00″ , latitude 26°07′ 00″ , east longitude 121 28 & prime; 00″ Connect at four o’clock

North latitude 25°34′ 00″ , east longitude 122 50 & prime; 00″ , latitude 25°03′ 00″ , east longitude 122 50 & prime; 00″ , latitude 25°03′ 00″ 122°11′ E; 00″ , latitude 25°34′ 00″ 122°11′ E; 00″ Connect at four o’clock

North latitude 22°56′ 00″ , east longitude 122 40 & prime; 00″ , latitude 23°38′ 00″ 122 51 & prime; E; 00″ , latitude 23°38′ 00″ , east longitude 123°23′ 00″ , latitude 22°56′ 00″ , east longitude 123 09 & prime; 00″ Connect at four o’clock

North latitude 21°14′ 00″ , east longitude 121 33 & prime; 00″ , latitude 21°33′ 00″ 121 18 & prime; E; 00″ , latitude 21°07′ 00″ 120 43 & prime; E; 00″ , latitude 20°48′ 00″ , east longitude 120 59 & prime; 00″ Connect at four o’clock

North latitude 22°43′ 00″ , east longitude 119 14 & prime; 00″ , latitude 22°10′ 00″ , east longitude 119 06 & prime; 00″ , latitude 21°33′ 00″ , east longitude 120 29 & prime; 00″ , latitude 22°09′ 00″ , east longitude 120 32 & prime; 00″ Connect at four o’clock

For the sake of safety, during this period, the relevant ships and aircraft should not enter the above-mentioned sea areas and airspace.