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Order of the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China

sequence　26　number

The revision of the "Measures for Hygienic Management of Food Additives" was adopted at the ministerial meeting on December 11th, 2001, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of July 1st, 2002. The Measures for Hygienic Management of Food Additives promulgated on March 15, 1993 shall be abolished at the same time.

Minister Zhang Wenkang 　　　　　　　

March 28th, 2002　　　

Measures for hygienic management of food additives

Chapter I General Principles

the first　In order to strengthen the hygiene management of food additives, prevent food pollution and protect the health of consumers, these measures are formulated in accordance with the Food Hygiene Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

the second　These Measures shall apply to the production, operation and use of food additives.

Article　Food additives must meet the national hygiene standards and hygiene requirements.

Article 4　The Ministry of Health is in charge of the health supervision and management of food additives throughout the country.

Chapter II Examination and Approval

Article 5　The following food additives must be approved by the Ministry of Health before they can be produced, operated or used:

(1) New varieties of food additives that are not listed in the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives or the list announced by the Ministry of Health;

(two) the varieties listed in the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives or the list announced by the Ministry of Health need to expand the scope or amount of use.

Article 6　To apply for the production or use of new varieties of food additives, the following materials shall be submitted:

(1) An application form;

(2) Names of raw materials and their sources;

(3) Chemical structure and physical and chemical characteristics;

(4) production technology;

(5) Toxicological safety evaluation reports issued by inspection agencies recognized by health administrative departments at or above the provincial level, and hygienic inspection reports of three consecutive batches of products;

(six) when using microorganisms to produce food additives, it is necessary to provide the strain identification report and safety evaluation data issued by the recognized institution of the Ministry of Health;

(seven) the scope of use and usage;

(eight) report on the effect of the trial use;

(nine) the inspection method of this food additive in food;

(ten) product quality standards or specifications;

(eleven) product samples;

(12) Labels (including instructions);

(thirteen) the relevant safety information at home and abroad and the certification documents or materials allowed by other countries;

(14) Other materials as stipulated by the Ministry of Health.

Article 7　To apply for expanding the scope or amount of use of food additives, the following materials shall be submitted:

(1) An application form;

(two) the types, usage and production technology of the food to be added;

(3) Report on the effect of trial use;

(4) the inspection method of the food additive in food;

(5) product samples;

(6) Labels (including instructions);

(seven) the relevant safety information at home and abroad and the certification documents or materials allowed by other countries;

(8) Other materials as stipulated by the Ministry of Health.

Article 8　Examination and approval procedures for food additives:

(a) the applicant shall apply to the local provincial health administrative department and provide information according to the provisions of Article 6 or Article 7;

(two) the provincial health administrative department shall complete the preliminary examination of the completeness, legality and standardization of the application materials within 30 days, and submit the preliminary examination opinions to the Ministry of Health for approval;

(3) The Ministry of Health regularly holds expert review meetings to conduct technical review of the application materials, and make a decision on whether or not to approve according to the technical review opinions of the expert review meetings.

Article 9　To import new varieties of food additives and expand the scope or amount of food additives, production enterprises or import agents shall directly apply to the Ministry of Health. At the time of application, in addition to the materials specified in Articles 6 and 7 of these Measures, the following materials shall also be provided:

(1) A certificate issued by the government of the producing country (region) or an institution recognized by it that allows production and sales;

(two) the certification materials issued by the relevant institutions or organizations of the country (region) where the production enterprise is located.

Food additives in imported food must conform to the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives. Do not meet, according to the relevant provisions of these measures to obtain the approval of the Ministry of health before import.

Chapter III Production, Operation and Use

Article 10　Food additive production enterprises must obtain the health license issued by the provincial health administrative department before they can engage in food additive production.

Article 11　When applying for a hygiene license for food additives, a production enterprise shall submit the following materials to the provincial health administrative department:

(1) An application form;

(2) List of varieties producing food additives;

(three) the production conditions, equipment and quality assurance system;

(4) production technology;

(5) Quality standards or specifications;

(6) Hygienic inspection reports of three consecutive batches of products;

(7) Labels (including instructions).

Article 12　A food additive production enterprise shall have workshops, equipment and facilities suitable for the product type and quantity, organize production according to product quality standards, and establish enterprise production records and product sample retention system.

Food additive production enterprises should strengthen the hygiene management in the production process to prevent food additives from being polluted and mixed among different varieties.

Article 13　In the production of compound food additives, the use scope and dosage of each single variety of additives shall conform to the varieties specified in the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives or the announcement list of the Ministry of Health and their use scope and dosage.

It is not allowed to use single varieties of additives without the same scope of use in the production of compound food additives, and it is not allowed to use non-edible substances beyond the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives to produce compound food additives.

Article 14　When producing food additives, enterprises shall conduct quality inspection on the products. If it passes the inspection, it shall issue a product inspection certificate; Without the product inspection certificate, it shall not be sold.

Article 15　Operators of food additives must have storage and business premises suitable for the variety and quantity of business. When selling and storing food additives, special counters and shelves must be set up, and they must not be mixed with non-edible products or toxic and harmful substances.

Article 16　When purchasing food additives, food additive operators shall obtain a copy of the hygiene license and a product inspection certificate.

It is forbidden to operate food additives without hygiene license and product inspection certificate.

Article 17　The use of food additives must conform to the "Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives" or the varieties specified in the announcement list of the Ministry of Health, as well as their scope and dosage.

It is forbidden to use food additives for the purpose of covering up food spoilage or doping, adulteration or forgery.

Chapter IV Labels and Instructions

Article 18　Food additives must have packaging labels and product specifications, which include: product name, place of origin, factory name, hygiene license number, specifications, formula or main components, production date, batch number or code, shelf life, scope and dosage of use, usage method, etc., and the words "food additives" are clearly marked on the labels.

If there are applicable taboos and safety precautions for food additives, warning signs shall be given on the labels.

Article 19　Compound food additives, in addition to being marked according to the provisions of Article 18 of these Measures, shall also be marked with the name of each single variety, and arranged according to the content from large to small; Each single variety must use a name consistent with the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives.

Article 20　The packaging labels and product descriptions of food additives shall not have propaganda contents that expand the scope of use or exaggerate the use effect.

Chapter V Health Supervision

Article 21　The Ministry of Health may re-evaluate the safety of food additives that may have safety and hygiene problems, revise the scope and dosage of use or make a decision to ban the use, and make it public.

Article 22　The health administrative department of the local people’s government at or above the county level shall organize supervision and spot checks on the production, operation and use of food additives, and announce the results of supervision and spot checks to the public.

Article 23　The food hygiene inspection unit shall inspect the food additives according to the standards, norms and requirements formulated by the Ministry of Health, and the inspection and evaluation reports made shall be objective and true, and conform to the relevant standards, norms and requirements.

Article 24　The general hygiene supervision and management of the production and operation of food additives shall be implemented in accordance with the Food Hygiene Law and relevant regulations.

Chapter VI Penalty Rules

Article 25　Production, operation or use of food additives that do not meet the hygiene standards for the use of food additives or the relevant provisions of these Measures shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the Food Hygiene Law.

Article 26　If the packaging label or product description of food additives does not indicate or falsely indicate the production date, shelf life and other specified matters, or does not indicate the Chinese label, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 of the Food Sanitation Law.

Article 27　Violation of the Food Hygiene Law or other relevant hygiene requirements shall be punished in accordance with the corresponding provisions.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Article 28　The meanings of the following terms in these Measures:

Food additives refer to chemical synthetic or natural substances added to food to improve the quality, color, aroma and taste of food, as well as to meet the needs of preservation and processing technology.

A compound food additive refers to a food additive which is formed by physically mixing more than two kinds of single food additives.

Article 29　The Ministry of Health shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Measures.

Article 30　These Measures shall come into force as of July 1, 2002. On March 15, 1993, the Measures for Hygienic Management of Food Additives issued by the Ministry of Health were abolished at the same time.

　　Cctv news: Pay attention to the situation of valsartan in Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Company. Yesterday (July 29th), the spokesperson of National Medical Products Administration introduced the situation of trace N- nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) impurities detected in valsartan raw materials of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.　

　　On July 6th, Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical reported to National Medical Products Administration that a small amount of N- nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) impurities were detected in the raw materials of valsartan for export, and voluntarily disclosed relevant information to the public according to relevant regulations and requirements.

　　Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. immediately suspended the release and delivery of all valsartan raw materials in the domestic and international markets after detecting the impurity, and initiated the measures of voluntary recall. As of July 23, Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical has completed the recall of all raw materials in China.

　　In 2012 and 2013, the current process of raw materials of this enterprise was approved by the European Drug Administration (EMA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) respectively.

　　Since July 6th, National Medical Products Administration has maintained close communication and contact with the European Drug Administration and the US Food and Drug Administration, paid close attention to the announcements and trends of risk assessment issued by international regulatory agencies, and organized experts to carry out risk assessment.

　　According to the toxicological data, the maximum daily intake limit of N- nitrosodimethylamine is 0.1μ G, which is equivalent to the provisional reference limit value of 0.3ppm by the European Drug Administration (calculated by taking 320mg valsartan daily).

　　According to the above-mentioned limit value, National Medical Products Administration conducted risk investigation on all the seven domestic manufacturers of valsartan raw materials (including Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical). Except for the impurity of N- nitrosodimethylamine in valsartan raw materials of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, the impurity detection value of N- nitrosodimethylamine in other domestic manufacturers of valsartan raw materials was lower than the limit value or was not detected.

　　There are 6 pharmaceutical manufacturers involved in the use of valsartan in Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical:

　　The valsartan capsule (National Medicine Zhunzi H20103521) produced by Hunan Qianjin Xiangjiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. has not yet left the factory.

　　The impurities of N- nitrosodimethylamine in the listed products of the other five manufacturers exceeded the limit, namely

　　Valsartan Hydrochlorothiazide Capsule of Chongqing Kangkeer Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (National Medicine Zhunzi H20080097)

　　Valsartan dispersible tablets of Hainan Huanglong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (National Medicine Zhunzi H20050508)

　　Valsartan dispersible tablets of Harbin Sanlian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (National Medicine Zhunzi H20061058)

　　Valsartan Hydrochlorothiazide Dispersible Tablets of Jiangsu Wangao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (National Medicine Zhunzi H20090262)

　　Valsartan dispersible tablets of Shandong Yijian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (National Medicine Zhunzi H20090319)

　　The above five preparation manufacturers have stopped using the raw materials of Valsartan of Huahai Pharmaceutical and recalled relevant drugs according to regulations.

　　National Medical Products Administration has asked all provincial food and drug supervision and management departments to urge relevant preparation manufacturers to take recall measures, and disclose relevant recall information on the websites of five manufacturers, including the contact numbers of the enterprises responsible for the recall.

　　In order to facilitate the public to know in time whether the Valsartan drugs being used are within the scope of recall, five manufacturers have cooperated with information technology companies and launched the code scanning inquiry function at 22: 00 on July 26, 2018. The product traceability code can be scanned through the mobile APP to realize instant inquiry.

　　National Medical Products Administration spokesman stressed that besides the above five preparation manufacturers, other valsartan preparation products are not included in the recall.

　　At present, European Union and other multinational drug regulatory agencies believe that N- nitrosodimethylamine belongs to Class 2A carcinogen (that is, there is sufficient evidence in animal experiments, but the evidence is limited), and it may be exposed to this substance in daily life (such as preserved food). Analysis of the drugs involved this time will not cause serious health risks to patients, but for safety reasons, risk control measures such as stopping sales and recalling should be taken.

　　On July 27th, FDA issued a notice that patients taking recalled valsartan should continue to take the current drugs until doctors or pharmacists provide alternative drugs or different treatment schemes.

　　A spokesman for National Medical Products Administration reminded that patients who are taking valsartan drugs must not stop taking them without authorization, because the risk of stopping taking them without authorization is more direct and serious for patients with hypertension. Whether to stop taking medicine or change medicine must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor. You can contact a doctor to replace other drugs containing valsartan that are not involved in the recall or choose other drugs for alternative treatment.

　　National Medical Products Administration requires the relevant provincial food and drug supervision and management departments to continue to follow the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Drug Recall, urge enterprises to do a good job in product recall and protect people’s drug safety.

1905 movie network news On November 20th, director Chen Kaige was invited to attend the film academic observation jointly organized by the Academic Affairs Office of Beijing Film Academy and the director department, and shared the film from scratch with the teachers and students present after the screening. More than 700 seats in the standard screening hall were packed, and the teachers and students in the school cherished the opportunity of face-to-face communication with director Chen Kaige.

　　　

In the post-screening exchange, Chen Kaige not only sincerely thanked the creative team of that year for "all their great contributions"; I also talked with you about the wonderful past that Leslie Cheung was Cheng Dieyi, and frankly said that "this experience is only this time"; He also expressed his concern and support for young creators, bluntly saying that "the film festival is not only a promised place for movies, but also an inspirational place representing youth and hope", and he hoped that the film festival could focus more on young creators.

　

Sincerely thank all the founders for sighing that Leslie Cheung has given us the only experience.

　　　

After the academic observation and screening of the film Farewell My Concubine, the film director Chen Kaige took the stage to share his feelings with all the teachers and students. Thanks to the hundreds of staff members who fought together in those years, especially Gu Changwei and Tao Jing, the alumni of the same session directed by Chen Kaige, "Photographers and sound recorders were very young at that time, but they created such magnificent images and powerful voices", as well as assistants and collaborators at that time, Zhang Jinzhan, Bai Yu, artist Zhanjia Yang and composer Zhao Jiping, "all made great contributions". ZhangFeng yi, one of the leading actors, is a leader in the performance department of Class 7 and Class 8 of Nortel. Director Chen Kaige highly praised his performance, saying that "his Duan Xiaolou is wonderful" and was moved by Mr. ZhangFeng yi’s dedication in filming.

　Director Chen Kaige also talked with you in more detail about the origin of filming, from being invited twice by producer Feng Hsu at Cannes International Film Festival to having various exchanges with original author Li Bihua. He not only gave Feng Hsu the first credit for Farewell My Concubine, but also praised Li Bihua as "the mother of Farewell My Concubine, and her novels laid an excellent foundation for the film" and "man of great talent, fantastic ideas". Li Bihua, as one of the screenwriters, also traveled from Hongkong to Beijing during the script creation stage to participate in the exchange and discussion between director Chen Kaige and another screenwriter, Reed. One of director Chen Kaige’s creative habits is to communicate with the screenwriter for a long time in the script stage, give a big outline for the characters, plot and story direction, and then discuss with the screenwriter, and finally realize it.

Especially in Farewell My Concubine, the time has been extended to 50 years, and the script structure is very complicated. In about half a year, director Chen Kaige and two screenwriters, Li Bihua and Reed, went through the process of affirmation, negation and reaffirmation. There is no routine, only the understanding and confirmation of the characters. After the first draft of the script was written, Reed took a pen and asked Chen Kaige to draw a circle in the satisfied scenes. If he was not satisfied, he would revise it again. After reading it, Director Chen Kaige only drew a few circles in the first draft, and then took everyone into a new round of discussion and revision. This manuscript is still precious. The script has been polished over and over again, and it is constantly enriched and perfected. Especially at the end of the script, Chen Kaige emphasized that the ending of the two people meeting in the bathroom in Hong Kong has no power. Only letting Cheng Dieyi follow the pace of Yuji’s fate is the only reasonable treatment that conforms to the character’s character logic.

　　

　In the actor’s part, Chen Kaige naturally talked about Leslie Cheung along the role of Cheng Dieyi, and what Chen Kaige always remembers is his first meeting with Leslie Cheung — —

　　　　

"The first time I met Leslie Cheung was when the first draft of the script was not finished. I have to tell him this story orally. Ms. Feng Hsu made arrangements for meeting in advance at the coffee shop of Mandarin Hotel. In the future, he jumped down from the same building. He is very gentle and quiet, and I speak in a hurry, for fear that we will have a language barrier. I speak Mandarin, and he is an actor who speaks Cantonese. I’m afraid what I said won’t impress him. I have also said on other occasions that he smokes a lot and his fingers are shaking all the time. In the process of speaking, I was skeptical and psychologically repulsive, so I asked myself, how do I know that he is the right person to play Cheng Dieyi? I don’t even know if he is a good actor. My story happened in China, and he is a Hong Kong person. Can he understand such characters and stories? And here I am, madly telling a story that may be rejected.

He never spoke, just listened, sometimes he looked up at me, and sometimes he didn’t look at me. But when I finished speaking, it suddenly dawned on me that he was Cheng Dieyi. Because I think he is like a person sitting in the bow of this story ship. After the ship moves, the lakes and mountains are changing all the time, and these light, shadow and water waves all reflect on his face. I don’t want to say that he is acting, but he is following Cheng Dieyi closely, approaching him, expressing him and loving him in a very subtle way. At this time, he stood up and shook hands with me and said,’ Thank you for telling me the story. I am Cheng Dieyi.’ This is a hair-raising moment. "This also made Chen Kaige identify with Leslie Cheung — — This is the only experience.

　

Looking back, I hope the film festival will pay attention to young people and create new possibilities.

　　

After the film Farewell My Concubine was born, it won the Palme d ‘Or Award at the 46th Cannes International Film Festival in 1993, and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film in the United States and two nominations for Best Foreign Language Film and Best Photography at the Oscars the following year. It was rated as one of the 100 best films in the world by Time Magazine, which has produced great international influence.

　　　

From Farewell My Concubine, Chen Kaige, the director, fought in major film festivals with his works in his youth, and the film festivals did give him honor and support. In Chen Kaige’s view, a good film festival "is full of charm and becomes the hall that filmmakers all over the world yearn for because it is unknowable." "You don’t know what kind of movie form a new trend will run out, and the new possibilities that keep emerging surprise you." Therefore, the film festival "is not only the promised land of movies, but also an inspirational place representing youth and hope". Chen Kaige believes that film festivals and professional organizations such as China Film Directors Association should pay more attention to those "young people who are happy, confused, miserable and give up everything for movies" and let them stand on the podium.

　　　

Director Chen Kaige’s sharing touched the teachers and students of Nortel who were present. In the subsequent interactive session, Chen Kaige answered the questions raised by the students in the audience one by one, and his serious and professional attitude moved people.

　　Bright picture

　　[educational perspective]

　　The epidemic has caused many inconveniences in finding jobs.

　　For most college students who will graduate in 2020, COVID-19, an unfamiliar word, will be engraved in their memories along with their tortuous job hunting experience. Because of the development of the epidemic in COVID-19, in order to protect students’ health and life safety and prevent the spread of the epidemic, the national education administrative departments and universities have taken emergency measures to limit the flow of personnel, and all kinds of campus recruitment activities have been suspended.

　　According to the practice of previous years, the coming March and April was originally the peak period for fresh college students to apply for jobs and sign contracts, but because of the epidemic, the employment and recruitment activities of college students were silent this spring.

　　The superposition of all these unfavorable factors undoubtedly affects the job selection of college graduates and the selection of talents by employers, which invisibly increases the pressure of college students’ employment.

　　For China’s economic development, the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the economy is bound to have a chain reaction, which will be transmitted and reflected in the employment sector — — Not only the temporary communication difficulties between graduates and enterprises and the inability to carry out recruitment activities, but also the demand for employers may be reduced. Of course, some industry sectors, such as medical and health care, environmental engineering, chemical technology and other employment needs are likely to increase.

　　The interview and employment pressure of job-seeking students has increased sharply. The silence in March and April, the peak of job hunting, dealt a heavy blow to college students’ employment signing. Because some students and employers have drawn up their initial intentions and need to go to the employer for an interview, but now the unit can’t operate normally, students can’t go out, and the recruitment and interview plans of some companies have also changed, and students are in a dilemma.

　　Stuck by the time limit, students who are pursuing further studies are in a dilemma. The postponement of the re-examination of the postgraduate entrance examination has a great influence on students. The uncertainty of whether they can pass the initial examination and whether they can be admitted after the re-examination makes most postgraduate students anxious, fearing that they may miss favorable employment opportunities after falling out of the list.

　　At the same time, taking into account epidemic prevention and employment, colleges and universities are facing multiple tests. Up to now, due to the pressure of economic adjustment, the employment rate of graduates who originally signed up to implement employment units is not optimistic. The arrival of the epidemic has made colleges and universities more pressure on epidemic prevention and teaching adjustment under the new situation than before, and the pressure on subsequent employment guidance has undoubtedly increased accordingly. The impact and impact of these pressures on local colleges and universities with the majority of local students will be less than those with scattered students’ origin and employment destination.

　　To cope with the pressure of employment, take many measures to promote Qi Li.

　　Employment must be promoted by the government, universities, employment enterprises and units, giving full play to their respective advantages in resources, channels and experience. As for the universities directly facing the above employment pressure, how to deal with this year’s new situation?

　　Colleges and universities should not panic when they serve college students’ employment under pressure.At present, we can see that under the decisive and correct decision-making and leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the understanding of COVID-19 has gradually deepened, and the fight against the epidemic has achieved initial results. The confirmed cases and suspected cases in high-incidence areas have been running at a low level, and the epidemic situation in most areas has been effectively controlled. I believe that with the support and encouragement of various supporting policies of the state, all economic construction activities will be carried out in an orderly manner. This is the biggest good news for economic activities directly related to employment.

　　College students start job hunting and employment rationally and calmly.Then, after the epidemic is controlled, the employment activities of college students that have been temporarily suspended will be restarted, and the suppressed demand for employment will be released again. Therefore, for colleges and graduates, they should gradually become rational, sober and brave from the initial panic, anxiety and sorrow, and there is no need to panic at all. They should have full confidence and calmly and objectively carry out the employment work during the epidemic period according to the arrangement of the national education administrative department.

　　Enterprises should promptly strengthen the organization of online employment recruitment activities.Before the epidemic has been completely controlled, in order to prevent large-scale gathering of people, the on-site recruitment activities of various college graduates have been suspended. In this case, colleges and universities should vigorously promote the development of online employment activities, and guide more enterprises to organize more online recruitment activities in a planned way to provide graduates with job opportunities; Students can get job information and enjoy online employment services by browsing national and provincial employment platforms, university employment networks and social recruitment websites.

　　Multi-party cooperation to explore innovative employment channels.Colleges and universities should take the initiative to coordinate relevant parties and further organize and implement grassroots projects such as the special post teacher plan, the university student village official, the three supports and one support, and the university student volunteer service plan for the western region; Encourage college students to join the army and serve national defense; Further implement preferential policies such as tuition subsidy for grassroots employment and encourage graduates to work and start businesses at the grassroots level; Establish a docking platform for school-enterprise cooperation and strengthen the docking of talent supply and demand in key areas, major projects, major projects and important fields; Further explore the employment opportunities created by the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and the real economy, and support graduates to achieve multi-channel employment; Call on employers to hold campus job fairs, take recruitment tests exams, receive graduates’ resumes and practice training through the Internet and other more flexible ways.

　　Focus on strengthening the focus on helping students from difficult families.Colleges and universities must actively design and provide one-on-one assistance to poor family graduates, physically disabled graduates and other groups, and carry out targeted job promotion. It is urgent to form a team of relevant university leaders, fully grasp the latest trends of students, regional economy and professional fields, open a hotline for employment consultation and help, and develop a number of online employment guidance courses to do a good job in promoting graduates’ employment, enterprise docking and psychological counseling.

　　The epidemic will eventually pass. As long as all parties face it confidently, calmly, optimistically and scientifically, with the overall victory in the fight against the epidemic, the employment situation of college graduates in 2020 will certainly improve and usher in "spring"!

　　 (Author: Zong Cheng, a postdoctoral fellow at China Academy of Educational Sciences)

　　BEIJING, Beijing, June 14 (Reporter Du Yan) Today, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security released a centralized adjustment plan for relevant social security benefits in Beijing in 2019, including pensions for enterprise retirees, basic pensions for urban and rural residents and welfare pensions, and regular treatment for work-related injury insurance, benefiting nearly 3.5 million people in the city.

　　Beijing issued a centralized adjustment plan for social security benefits in 2019, including pensions for enterprise retirees, basic pensions and welfare pensions for urban and rural residents, and regular treatment for work-related injury insurance. Photo courtesy of Beijing Human Resources and Social Security Bureau

　　Pensions for retired employees were paid in place on June 15th.

　　According to national requirements, since January 1, 2019, Beijing has continued to adjust the basic pension for enterprise retirees (including those who have retired and retired), with an increase of about 5%. After the adjustment, the per capita growth will be around 220 yuan, and the average pension level will reach 4,157 yuan per month, which is the 27th consecutive increase of enterprise retirees’ pensions in Beijing.

　　It is understood that the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees in Beijing operated smoothly in 2018. In that year, the fund income was 234.24 billion yuan, the expenditure was 146.39 billion yuan, and the balance was 87.85 billion yuan.

　　This adjustment is aimed at retirees who have gone through retirement procedures and received monthly pensions before the end of 2018. It is expected to benefit 2.57 million people, and the pensions will be reissued from January this year and distributed to the retirees of enterprises on June 15.

　　It is reported that this adjustment will ensure that those with low level of treatment can appropriately increase the basic pension by adopting the way of high-profile for the lowest and low-key for the highest. At the same time, in order to give consideration to fairness, if a few retirees are lower than the next file after adjusting their pensions in absolute amount, the difference will be made up.

　　Appropriately tilt to senior retirees.

　　For retirees with early retirement time and older age, since 2007, Beijing has been moderately inclined to senior retirees when adjusting the basic pension for enterprise retirees. In 2019, we will continue to adhere to this practice, and the senior retirees who have reached the age of 65 or above before the end of 2018 will once again enjoy the four grades of preferential policies from 40 yuan to 70 yuan after adjustment according to the above-mentioned basic pension adjustment methods. That is, retirees aged 65 to 69 will increase their 40 yuan every month; 70 to 74 years old, each person will increase 50 yuan every month; Each person aged 75 to 79 will add 60 yuan every month; 70 yuan will be increased every month for each person over 80 years old.

　　On this basis, for retirees over 65 who have paid for 30 years, the 5 yuan will be increased every month, so as to reflect the further preference for retirees with early retirement time, continuous service and long payment period.

　　Beijing issued a centralized adjustment plan for social security benefits in 2019, including pensions for enterprise retirees, basic pensions and welfare pensions for urban and rural residents, and regular treatment for work-related injury insurance. Photo courtesy of Beijing Human Resources and Social Security Bureau

　　Separate adjustment of retirement benefits for old workers who participated in revolutionary work before the founding of New China.

　　At present, the old workers who participated in revolutionary work before the founding of New China are generally over 80 years old, and the state stipulates that they can enjoy 100% retirement benefits. This adjustment will still be made according to the previous year’s method, that is, those who participated in the revolutionary work from July 7, 1937 to September 2, 1945 will receive an increase of 365 yuan per person per month; Those who took part in revolutionary work from September 3, 1945 to September 30, 1949 received an increase of 335 yuan per person per month. On the basis of the adjustment of the above two standards, they also enjoy the preferential policy for senior retirees, and this adjustment is generally increased by 405 to 440 yuan/month.

　　At the same time, it is guaranteed that the retired military cadres, former industrial and commercial personnel and senior professional and technical personnel of enterprises will not be lower than the average level of pensions in the city after adjustment. If the basic pension of the above-mentioned population is lower than the adjusted average pension level of the whole city of 4157 yuan/month, it will be replenished to the average level. At the same time, senior retirees who have reached the age of 65 or above before the end of 2018 also enjoy the preferential policy for senior retirees.

　　According to the national regulations, those who retire from Beijing institutions before the end of 2018 will also adjust the basic pension according to the combination of quota adjustment, hook adjustment and appropriate tilt, and will be paid in place before the end of June.

　　More than 880,000 urban and rural residents have increased their pensions in 100 yuan every month.

　　According to national requirements, Beijing will continue to implement the normal adjustment mechanism of basic pension and welfare pension in 2019. From January 1st this year, these two pension standards will be adjusted, and the 100 yuan will be increased per person per month for the groups enjoying basic pension and welfare pension. This treatment adjustment has benefited 888,800 urban and rural residents and is expected to be distributed before the end of June.

　　According to reports, those who have received the basic pension of urban and rural residents’ basic old-age insurance and the old-age security welfare pension before December 31, 2018 will adjust the old-age security treatment standard for urban and rural residents from January 1, 2019, and increase the 95 yuan per person per month; In order to further reflect the preferential policy for the elderly, 10 yuan will be added to those who have reached the age of 65 or above before December 31, 2018. The per capita basic pension for those who have received benefits has reached 810 yuan, and the per capita welfare pension has reached 725 yuan.

　　In addition, since January 1, 2019, those who are eligible to receive basic old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents on a monthly basis will have a basic pension standard of 800 yuan per person per month; The old-age security welfare pension standard is 715 yuan per person per month.

　　Continue to adjust the regular treatment of industrial injury insurance.

　　According to the regulations of the state, since 2001, the disability allowance for those who have been disabled due to work-related injuries and the pension for the dependent relatives of those who have died due to work have been adjusted year by year in Beijing.

　　This year, Beijing will continue to adjust the regular treatment of work-related injury insurance. The scope of adjustment is for work-related injuries (excluding retirees receiving basic pensions) who enjoyed disability allowance before December 31, 2018 (inclusive), and workers and deceased people who enjoyed the pension for supporting relatives. It will benefit 15,000 people and will be implemented from January 1, 2019. The specific adjustment scheme is as follows:

　　According to the level of disability, each person will increase each month: the first level of disability will increase by 380 yuan, the second level of disability will increase by 360 yuan, the third level of disability will increase by 340 yuan, and the fourth level of disability will increase by 320 yuan. The employing unit shall increase the disability allowance for the five or six injured workers who have not arranged for work, and the increase per person per month shall not be lower than that in 200 yuan.

　　Adjust the pension for dependent relatives. The adjustment of the pension for dependent relatives of workers and deceased persons will increase 200 yuan per person per month. (End)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 17th Title: Answers written between green mountains and green waters — — Summary on the Effect of Ecological Environment Protection since the 18th CPC National Congress

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　Ecological prosperity leads to civilized prosperity. Entering a new era, the development of ecological civilization has become a compulsory question.

　　This is an answer sheet written between green mountains and green hills, and it is also an answer sheet written in the hearts of the people — —

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core and under the scientific guidance of the Supreme Leader’s ecological civilization thought, the whole party and the people of the whole country have adhered to Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’s idea, strengthened the ecological environment protection in all directions, regions and the whole process, and created an ecological miracle and a green development miracle that attracted worldwide attention.

　　The sky is bluer, the mountains are greener and the water is clearer: the people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security has been significantly enhanced.

　　In midsummer, Yani National Wetland Park. Under the bright sunshine, the winding Niyang River is sparkling, and the sandbars in the river are full of green trees.

　　"The air is fresh and the environment is beautiful. It is very happy to live here." Yang Jiram, a villager living in Liding Village, Bayi District, Linzhi City, Tibet, who lives next to the wetland, lamented that it has changed a lot, and it is no longer a barren grass beach that dug sand and quarried stones many years ago.

　　A corner of Yani National Wetland Park (photo taken on April 7). Xinhua News Agency reporter Nie Yishe

　　At that time, there was little vegetation and serious desertification. Whenever there was a sandstorm, I couldn’t keep my eyes open. Until 2009, Linzhi City began to implement wetland protection and restoration projects, and surrounding villagers participated in sand prevention and afforestation, and the scenery here gradually changed.

　　The change of Yani Wetland is a vivid microcosm from the grassland beach to the park where birds prey on Fangzhou, which shows the solid pace of China’s continuous promotion of ecological environment protection in the new era.

　　Once upon a time, smog was frequent, dust was rampant, and rivers were black and smelly … … In 2012, China’s total economic output accounted for about 11.5% of the world, but its energy consumption per unit GDP was 2.5 times the world average. Development has reached a fork in the road that must be transformed.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has taken the construction of ecological civilization as an important content to promote the overall layout of the "five in one" and the coordinated promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, and has made unprecedented efforts to grasp the construction of ecological civilization. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China listed "the tough battle against pollution" as one of the three tough battles to build a well-off society in an all-round way.

　　Implementing the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, various localities and departments have adopted a series of practical measures to help fight the tough battle against pollution.

　　Comprehensively rectify scattered polluting enterprises and clusters and accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity; The construction of urban sewage pipe network has been rapidly promoted, and the sewage treatment capacity has been continuously improved; Clean heating transformation reduces loose coal pollution, and renewable energy develops rapidly … … The quality of China’s ecological environment has improved significantly.

　　The sky that was once shrouded in smog was gradually polished. In 2022, the proportion of days with excellent air quality in cities at prefecture level and above will reach 86.5%, and the proportion of days with heavy pollution will be reduced to less than 1% for the first time.

　　The quality of water environment has undergone a turning point. In 2022, the proportion of excellent sections of surface water quality in China rose to 87.9%.

　　More and more green is spreading in the mountains and rivers. China’s forest area and volume have achieved double growth. Exquisite street corner parks allow citizens to enjoy a better life in the "ecological blank".

　　A profound change in development mode: promoting the coordination and unity of economic and social development and ecological environment protection

　　Entering Yucun Village, Anji County, Zhejiang Province, the rolling mountains, flowing water and green bamboo have attracted countless tourists.

　　More than 20 years ago, due to the development of "stone economy", the mountains in Yucun became "bald light" and the water became "soy sauce soup". Yucun people, who have learned from their mistakes, have shut down mines and cement plants one after another to develop a "beautiful economy."

　　In August, 2005, the supreme leader, then secretary of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, visited Yucun, and after learning about Yucun’s practice, he evaluated "brilliant move" and put forward "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" clearly for the first time.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, this concept has led to profound changes in the vast land of China.

　　Yibin, "the first city in the Yangtze River". Minjiang River and Jinsha River meet here.

　　Standing in Sanjiangkou and looking north, it used to be Yibin Riverside Industrial Zone within 5 kilometers. Yibin Tianyuan Chemical Plant, which was founded in 1943, was less than 100 meters away from the Yangtze River coastline.

　　Today, on the banks of the Yangtze River, the former factory building has turned into the Yangtze River Park. In the distance, the newly established Sanjiang New District is changing with each passing day. Tianyuan Chemical has extended its industry to new chemical materials and new energy battery materials and embarked on a new industrial track.

　　Through continuous exploration and practice, all localities have changed their development ideas, gradually embarked on a road of coordinating environmental protection with economic development, and made solid progress in green, circular and low-carbon development.

　　In order to better protect the environment, we will speed up the improvement of diversified ecological compensation mechanisms in many places, so that good mountains and rivers and good ecology will become "valuable treasures" for common protection.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s economic development and ecological environment protection have been more coordinated, and the space for green development has been further expanded.

　　While the quality of the ecological environment has obviously improved, the total economic output has jumped to 120 trillion yuan, and the per capita GDP has remained above 12,000 US dollars for two consecutive years.

　　Green indicates the future: strive to build the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature

　　Not long ago, the staff of the Reserve Administration of Muling Forestry Bureau Co., Ltd., Longjiang Forest Industry Group, once again found a clear image of the wild Amur tiger "Wandashan No.1" in the forest area through the field infrared camera during routine patrol.

　　Rare wild animals and plants are full of vitality between green waters and green mountains. Behind this is China’s unremitting efforts to strengthen biodiversity protection and continuously promote the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a series of fundamental, pioneering and long-term green development systems have been solidly promoted — —

　　Major ecological projects such as the Three-North Shelterbelt and Natural Forest Protection have been further promoted. In the past 10 years, about 1.02 billion mu of afforestation has been completed in China, and the green map has been continuously expanded.

　　In the ten years to 2019, the area of desertification and desertified land in China decreased by 50,000 square kilometers and 43,300 square kilometers respectively. Xinjiang, as a province with the largest desertification and desertification area in China, has achieved "double reduction" of desertification and desertification land area for the first time.

　　The construction of a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body has been accelerated, and the construction of a national botanical garden system has taken important steps to jointly promote the formation of a relatively complete biodiversity protection system.

　　The first batch of national parks handed over eye-catching "transcripts": Sanjiangyuan National Park realized the overall protection of the sources of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River; The Giant Panda National Park has opened 13 ecological corridors in giant panda areas, protecting more than 70% of wild giant pandas. Many new species, such as the rain god horned toad, have been discovered in Wuyishan National Park … … China is building the world’s largest national park system.

　　The system of river length, lake length and forest length has been fully established, and rivers, lakes, forests and grasslands have exclusive guardians.

　　Ecological civilization is a common cause for the people to participate in and build together. From "CD Action", saving water and paper, to garbage sorting and bidding farewell to disposable items, a green and low-carbon lifestyle has become a new social trend.

　　As a big country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, China’s ecological civilization construction has also attracted the attention of the whole world.

　　Actively promote the signing, entry into force and implementation of the Paris Agreement, and announce that carbon dioxide emissions will peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality will be achieved by 2060 … … Under the guidance of the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, China’s actions to protect the ecological environment have been highly affirmed by the international community.

　　The new development stage puts forward higher requirements for the construction of ecological civilization. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Communist Party of China, proposed that we must firmly establish and practice Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’s ideas and plan development from the height of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

　　On the new journey, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we will join hands with one heart and make unremitting efforts, and we will surely gather more majestic power and build a harmonious and symbiotic modernization between man and nature. (Reporter Hu Wei, Yu Qiongyuan, Tian Jinwen, Luo Fei)

　　Building a modern industrial system is an important part of promoting Chinese modernization. In July this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Jiangsu: "It is necessary to adhere to the real economy and build a modern industrial system as the key to strengthening the province, consolidate the leading position of traditional industries, accelerate the creation of strategic emerging industrial clusters with international competitiveness, promote the deep integration of digital economy with advanced manufacturing and modern service industries, comprehensively improve the level of industrial base upgrading and industrial chain modernization, and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone." Accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system is conducive to improving the quality of industrial development, promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, and enhancing the continuity and competitiveness of industrial development; It is conducive to the development and expansion of the real economy and provides strong material support for achieving the goal of the second century; It is conducive to maintaining the security and stability of China’s industrial chain supply chain and ensuring that China will win the strategic initiative in future development and international competition.

　　The first meeting of the 20th Central Committee of Finance and Economics emphasized "promoting industrial intelligence, greening and integration, and building a modern industrial system with integrity, advancement and safety", which clarified the important features of the modern industrial system. We should profoundly grasp the intelligent characteristics of the modern industrial system and fully realize that a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is booming, and the world economy is accelerating its transformation to digitalization and intelligence; Whether we can seize the opportunity to promote the intelligent transformation of the industrial system is related to whether China can win the initiative in the fierce international competition. It is necessary to profoundly grasp the greening characteristics of the modern industrial system and fully realize that the current global ecological and environmental problems are increasingly prominent and the consensus on climate change is constantly strengthening; Promoting the green development of industry is not only the key to cope with climate change, protect the ecological environment, realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, but also the inherent requirement to promote high-quality development. It is necessary to profoundly grasp the integration characteristics of the modern industrial system and fully realize that the modern industrial system is not a simple patchwork of several industrial categories, but a complex ecological system with organic connections and complementary functions; Promoting the deep integration of innovation chain’s industrial chain, capital chain and talent chain, and promoting the coordinated development of the three industries, the upper, middle and lower reaches, large, medium and small enterprises are conducive to giving play to the comparative advantages of various regions and forming a regional economic layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development.

　　Jiangsu is one of the provinces with the most complete industrial chain and complete supporting facilities in China, and it has a good foundation for building a modern industrial system. It is necessary to closely focus on promoting industrial intelligence, greening and integration, continuously improve the position of industrial development in the global industrial chain supply chain value chain, and better serve high-quality development and Chinese modernization.

　　Adhere to innovation-driven development. Focus on cultivating strategic scientific and technological strength and accelerate the construction of an industrial scientific and technological innovation center with global influence. In-depth implementation of industrial base reconstruction and major technical equipment research projects, and strive to overcome the "stuck neck" problem. Strengthen the docking of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, strengthen the deep integration of Industry-University-Research led by enterprises, and improve the level of transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements.

　　Focus on building advanced manufacturing clusters. Around biomedicine, intelligent manufacturing equipment, integrated circuits, new power (smart grid), new energy, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, high-end software and information services, we will build a number of strategic emerging industrial clusters. Plan the layout in advance and cultivate future industrial clusters such as future network communication and third generation semiconductor. Promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, accelerate the development and application of green and low-carbon technologies, and help traditional industries improve their intelligence level and jump to the high end of the value chain.

　　Vigorously promote cross-border integration of industries. Promote the interaction and integration between strategic emerging industries and between emerging industries and traditional industries. Promote the deep integration and development of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries, and build a number of deep integration service platforms, demonstration carriers and benchmark enterprises for advanced manufacturing and modern service industries. Promote the integration of production and city development, support different regions to plan the layout of urban (international) transportation, colleges and public infrastructure around the actual industrial development, and form a development trend of promoting the city with production, promoting the city with production, and integrating production and city.

　　Improve the modern industrial policy system. Promote the transformation of industrial policies from differentiation and selectivity to generalization and functionality, and increase policy support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the fields of industrial innovation, intellectual property protection and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Coordinate relevant industrial support policies and guide enterprises to continue to exert their efforts in technical research, industrial innovation and market expansion. Enhance the synergy of industrial policies, strengthen the integration of policy design and implementation methods with international common rules, and form an "industry — Technology — Finance — Education — Talent "efficient linkage situation.

　　(The author is the director of the theoretical research base of the provincial government research office of the New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of Jiangsu Province)

The 2023 Dodge Ram Tyrannosaurus Rex in Tianjin Port is now sold in the sixth country, and it is licensed nationwide. The 23 Dodge Ram Tyrannosaurus Rex uses a supercharged 6.2-liter HEMI? HELLCAT V8 engine with a maximum horsepower of 712 horsepower and a maximum torque of 881 Nm. Ram 1500 TRX has become the fastest and most powerful mass-produced half-ton pickup truck in the world. In terms of torque, TRX provides a new performance level with a speed of 0 to 100 km/h in 4.9 seconds and a top speed of 190 km/h.

　　

Configuration: limited edition of TRX ignition (MoparTRX ignition decal, TRX special edition central control logo, 18-inch wheels, orange decorative stitching, pedestrian emergency braking, leather and carbon flat-bottomed steering wheel, carbon fiber interior, Mopar container telescopic pedal, Mopar4-way adjustable cargo binding hook, adaptive cruise with start and stop, double-window panoramic sunroof, lane keeping aid, and bottom two-color car paint. Mopar embedded container liner) TRX 2 package (leather trimmed bucket seat, front seat ventilation, wrapped main driver’s assistant armrest, luxurious front door panel decoration, full-length advanced upgraded center console, lift display, digital rearview mirror, advanced wrapped instrument panel, LED ambient light, radio/main driver’s seat/mirror/pedal memory function, main driver’s seat memory, 4-way electric lumbar support passenger seat, 8-way electric main driver and passenger. Electric adjustable pedal includes memory function, pedal lighting, traction braking management, Harman Kardon advanced audio includes 19 speakers, blind spot and intersection detection, front seat heating, second seat heating, steering wheel heating, parking assistance before and after parking induction includes stop function, cargo box lighting, rain sensing front windshield wiper, rear seat bottom storage box, electric tailgate, rear 60/40 folding seat, Mopar cross-country style pedal, and traction reverse steering control.

The exterior design of the Dodge Ram Tyrannosaurus Rex has a strong sense of impact. Compared with the well-behaved family design, the front of the Dodge Ram Tyrannosaurus Rex is undoubtedly a little more aggressive to the road. The eyes do not reveal a trace of lively charm, and the only thing that is displayed is fierceness. The front bumper is an iron front bumper with a hook, which exudes a metallic atmosphere and is calm and atmospheric. As the best-selling model, it has a very aggressive front face. Dodge Ram Tyrannosaurus Rex has completely got rid of the rough feeling of the United States. The edges and seams are carefully handled. The leather seats are independent and equipped with comfortable functions such as heating and massage. Each seat is equipped with a control handle independently, and each function is controlled by the rider himself. All seats of Dodge Ram pickup truck are wrapped in leather, and the front row is also equipped with very practical sports seats.

　The design of the 2023 Dodge Ram Tyrannosaurus Rex center console is simple and hard, which conforms to the temperament of the ram. The bottom of the dashboard has patterns, which further highlights the elegance of this car. The soft instrument panel design is very comfortable to the touch, and there is nothing stiff.

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The chassis of 23 Dodge Tyrannosaurus Rex has also been greatly upgraded. The chassis is made of a large number of high-strength steel to improve the rigidity of the frame. At the same time, the suspension system is also equipped with an adaptive shock absorber from Bilstein, which can reduce the vibration during high-speed desert driving and off-road, and improve driving performance and durability.

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The interior of the 23 Dodge Tyrannosaurus Rex is simple and generous, but this will not affect its luxurious texture. The rich configuration will make you admire it. At the same time, as the flagship model of the Dodge family, the new car is also equipped with a 12-inch vertical central control screen. In addition to supporting common functions such as Bluetooth, navigation and car Wi-Fi, it also supports Apple CarPlay and Android Auto phones.

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In addition to its powerful power, the performance version of the 23 Dodge Ram Tyrannosaurus Rex is also first-class in off-road performance. The clearance between the vehicle and the floor is 28cm, the contact angle is 30.2, the departure angle is 23.5, the passing angle is 21.9, and the wading height is 81.28cm, which can correspond to most sections. In addition, the new car is equipped with an adaptive shock absorber from Bilstein, and the stroke of the front and rear wheels reaches 33.

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23 Dodge ChallengersIn terms of the appearance of SRT Hellcat, the new car continues the American muscle car style with very tough and powerful challenger family models. At the same time, the new car has added a set of wide-body kit on the basis of the ordinary version, which is mainly aimed at widening its wheel eyebrows, and has increased by 3.5 inches (88.9mm) compared with the ordinary version, enabling the new car to use wider tires. In addition, the new car will also provide 13 different body colors, and provide a variety of body pull flowers for consumers to choose from.

23 Dodge Challenger SRT Hellcats In terms of details, the middle net and the lower air intake of the new car are also painted in black, and there is a unique logo of SRT on the side of the middle net. In terms of wheels, SRT Super Stock adopts a set of 18x11J (18 inches in diameter and 11 inches in width) rims, which are the same as those of challenger SRT Demon, and is matched with the NT05R linear acceleration special tires with 315/40 R18 specifications, so that the car has three times the grip of SRT Hellcat models. In terms of brakes, the front wheel of the new car is equipped with an upgraded Brembo four-piston caliper and a 14.2-inch front brake disc.

23 dodge challenger SRT hellcatsThe tail wing added above the rear of the car improves its stability at high speed, while the bottom spoiler and large-diameter double-outlet tail row show its powerful performance more thoroughly. The lines on the side are more rough and overbearing broken lines, which are very muscular. They are equipped with 20-inch Group2 alloy wheels and NTOS racing tires, which have excellent grip.

23 dodge challenger SRT hellcatsLooking at the front of the car, the two headlights are as sharp as eagle eyes, and the flexible lines of the whole body overflow with an aura. If you like passion, sports cars and speed, this Dodge Challenger wide-body red-eyed cat is the best choice.The aggressive front face of a muscle sports car is the most striking place, like a shark with a big mouth, which is quite powerful. The integrated taillight uses 164 LED light sources, and the tail wing improves its stability at high speed.

23 Dodge ChallengersSRT Hellcat is powered by a 6.2-liter HEMI V8 supercharged engine. Compared with the challenger Hellcat Redeye, its maximum power is increased from 807 horsepower to 818 horsepower, and the red line speed of the engine is increased from 6300rpm to 6400rpm. The transmission system is matched with a TorqueFlite 8HP90 8-speed automatic manual transmission. Dodge official said that the acceleration time of the new car from 0 to 96 km/h is 3.25 seconds, and it only takes 10.5 seconds to complete the linear acceleration of a quarter mile, but due to the new car tires, its top speed is limited to 168 mph (270 km/h).

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Special feature of 1905 film network When the opera meets the film, since its release, it has been evaluated with the high score of Douban 8.2 by virtue of the audience’s good reputation.

As the first 4K panoramic Cantonese opera film, it was shortlisted for the best opera film in the Golden Rooster Award for Chinese films, and also won the Golden Coconut Award for the best technology in Hainan Island International Film Festival. Through film technology, traditional Chinese opera is given a new look, and behind this, it is also inseparable from the credit of editing technology.

The editor of this film is a national first-class editor. His previous representative works include Youth Fight, Deep Sea Sword and Men’s Gang. Sun Yiqun’s mother is also an editor. She is Yang Xingyuan, the former president of China Film Editing Society, and her representative editing works are various.

Can editing technology be inherited? In this issue of Behind the Scene, Yang Xingyuan and Sun Yiqun, the editors, lead us into china national film museum to reveal the history of film film editing, and experience the technological changes of film editing together from the film age to the digital age.

Behind the scenes: Film editor Yang Xingyuan reveals the tools of "film film editing"

Film clip: "Manual sewing machine"

I have a particularly cordial feeling. I can feel the temperature of all these devices. Entering china national film museum, Yang Xingyuan knows a lot about the film editing machines in the museum.

　

Facing a splicing machine full of historical colors, Yang Xingyuan introduced that Premier Zhou Enlai cared about film splicing and specially entrusted Tianjin No.2 Optical Instrument Factory to develop this splicing machine for them, also known as the four-way sound painting machine.

From the end of the 1960s to the end of the 1990s, this was the only tool for their editors, and the frequency was controlled in the frequency of 24 squares by hand. "My editing of Man to Middle Age, Zhou Enlai and Armageddon was cut out by such a machine."

The process of film editing is particularly complicated. After the film is finished, it should be washed in the studio, and then printed into samples with the negative, and the editor and the director and other producers will jointly review it.

　

When editing, the sound and picture of the sample should be synchronized with the negative, so the first step of editing is not to cut, but to arrange, and each of the specific scenes, shots and sound tapes in all the shooting materials should be completely recorded first, otherwise the material synchronized with the negative can not be found later.

　

"So it’s not easy to start editing. All this work has to be done before you can enter the creative stage." Yang Xingyuan said that it is more difficult at the stage of revision. For example, if there are ten films and one place is revised, these ten films will have to be hand-cranked from beginning to end on the film receiver. "After shaking it down, it is a lot of films, and then it is lifted one by one. At that time, the state positioned the editor as a light manual worker. "

Recalling the editing work of "Zhou Enlai", at that time, the version of mixed editing of picture and sound was completed, but the director had to modify the picture temporarily. "I was so angry that I wouldn’t change it for you, but he personally took a dozen films upstairs and asked me to change it." In order to make the film better, Yang Xingyuan said that even if the editing process was not easy at that time, it still had to be modified.

In the past, when editing technology was underdeveloped, a small machine supported the creation of many excellent classic films. Sun Yiqun recalled, "At that time, my mother stayed up late at night, so I slept next to her with a small quilt. I always wanted to shake this film, and my mother was particularly afraid that I would destroy it. She said that if you broke it, the consequences would be unimaginable."

Nowadays, computer technology is very simple to operate the effects of transition editing, such as fade-in, fade-out, cut-in and cut-out, overlapping, etc., but it is very troublesome in the film age. It is necessary for the editor to make specific marks on the film with a special pen, and then let the special effects producers use optical skills to make them on the film.

　

The complicated and exquisite technology of film film editors bears the heavy history of China films.

"For example, there are seven kinds of scenes to record a dialogue and an action now. I think the workload is very heavy. There are more than 200 shots as soon as I open the folder, but it is much more complicated than us to hear these things that the predecessors are editing. My mother sewed by hand at that time, and now it is equivalent to using an electric sewing machine. "

　

Hearing his mother’s introduction to film editing technology, Sun Yiqun felt a lot. "Now we have mastered new technologies and brought us convenience, while the older generation got through it like that and admired it."

Digital editing: White Snake’s secret recipe

The era of film editing has ended, and digital computer technology has been fully popularized. Nowadays, Sun Yiqun’s editing work is no longer just a simple operation technology, but also needs to integrate his own ideas at the creative level.

　

Talking about her latest film White Snake, Sun Yiqun said that in editing skills, she paid special attention to the balance between drama and film.

"There are many stylized things in traditional Chinese opera. Actors often communicate with the audience and the camera, which breaks the spatial illusion that the film has carefully established." Therefore, she will especially avoid editing the lens that highlights the "fourth wall" and choose more pictures of actors communicating with each other.

　

When the traditional Chinese opera performance is put on the movie screen, it is easy to have a magnifying effect. In addition, it is 4K quality, and any tiny expression of the actor can be clearly captured. When editing, Sun Yiqun will also avoid the scenes that will appear exaggerated on the big screen.

"The hand, eye, body and steps of an opera actor, his figure is a very important aspect of expression. If I edit excessively or even choose inappropriate scenery, it will destroy the good rhythm of the opera, so I still have to pick up its rhythm and grasp it well." How to find a moderate point is a difficult part of this editing.

　

Sun Yiqun is also worried that if the aria is too long, it will affect the audience’s desire to watch. Among them, there is a scene of "Broken Bridge and Residual Snow", in which lady white snake complains to Xu Xian after suffering, and the recorded aria is very long. She took the initiative to discuss the reduction with the director. "Otherwise, it would ruin lady white snake’s image and become a dissatisfied housewife." Finally, after coordination and careful cutting, it was cut for more than 30 minutes.

White Snake reinterprets classic stories and boldly tries new editing techniques of combining drama with film. Yang Xingyuan feels that today’s editors have a higher pursuit than the older generation. "They need to have the ability to master the lens and handle the structure, not the things we have learned. Those things have passed. They can put more energy into creation. "

Two generations of editing methods

Yang Xingyuan was originally an actor, but later transferred to Changying and changed to editing. "Having been an actor for more than ten or twenty years, I can still understand the performance and rhythm, and this accumulation will be useful. I just thought I could learn to edit and play my little role."

　

Thanks to her experience as an actor, Yang Xingyuan switched to editing, and she can better handle the rhythm of performances and shots.

　

When cutting "Man to Middle Age", because Lu Wenting and Yang Xingyuan are both of the same generation, Yang Xingyuan said that she edited the character completely according to the character and her own feelings. "Lu Wenting went to see the child, and the editor must understand how she looked at it in order to impress the audience. So I chose her to post it in the nearest place to watch the child sleeping, so that I can understand the psychological feelings of this character. "

With more than 40 years of experience in behind-the-scenes editing, Yang Xingyuan concluded that editors should think about editing from three angles.

　

The first is the director. "I must know what he wants to do, what he wants to show and what he wants to give to the audience." Then there is the character, "to understand the character’s mentality and his various things."

Then there is the audience. "You must know what the audience wants to see and where his interest lies. I can’t say that I am an old lady now. My rhythm is slow, so I don’t appreciate the audience’s appreciation ability. I also deal with the film according to my rhythm and speed, and the audience will definitely stop watching it. "

Daughter Sun Yiqun did a lot of work that had nothing to do with art. Later, her mother thought she should learn a skill, so she taught her to edit and took her into the business. The two later jointly edited the TV series Behind the Vanity.

　

"They always ask why the play they cut is not good-looking. I said that because you cut the process, it is not a play." Sun Yiqun believes that a good editing is to "pick up" the scene and find the eye of the scene, while a bad editing is to exert an average force. "If the scene and the scene are not more energetic, it will not work."

　

In her view, editing and scriptwriting have a lot in common, they all want to tell stories, and they all want to think about how to make this story vivid, interesting and arresting.

From Yang Xingyuan to Sun Yiqun, from film editing to digital editing, the editors of mother and daughter have great enthusiasm for this art, which has been passed down from generation to generation not only for the iterative upgrade of film editing skills, but also for the consistent dedication, concentration, lean and innovative craftsmanship as editors.