Dialogue motivation

　　Recently, the Development and Reform Commission of Henan Province, the Provincial Department of Land and Resources, the Provincial Department of Environmental Protection and the Provincial Department of Housing and Construction jointly issued the "Several Opinions on Standardizing and Promoting the Construction of Characteristic Towns and Small Towns", requiring all localities to build characteristic towns according to regional humanities and industrial foundations, and strictly control the tendency of real estate development of characteristic towns to avoid the embarrassment of "being abandoned when built".

　　How to avoid some problems in the past during the construction of characteristic towns? The reporter started a dialogue with industry experts in this regard.　

　　Interlocutor

　　Professor Huang Kun, Economics Department, National School of Administration

　　Professor Yang Hongshan, School of Public Administration, Renmin University of China

　　"Legal Daily" reporter Du Xiao

　　Shi Weixin, Intern of Legal Daily

　　One-sided view of political achievements leads to the real estate of characteristic towns

　　Reporter: Henan issued relevant opinions to control the real estate development of characteristic towns, which caused the society to pay attention to the construction of characteristic towns. What negative effects will the phenomenon of real estate have?　

　　Huang Kun: "Small town, big strategy". Characteristic town is an innovative development model of urbanization with the integration of production and city, an effective form of urbanization on the spot, and an important starting point for urbanization and urban-rural integration in China in the new era. In recent years, tourist towns, Internet of Things towns, robot towns, financial towns, new energy car towns, forest towns, agricultural Internet towns and entrepreneurial towns are all spectacular. Because characteristic towns are different from cities and rural areas, they are the natural combination and adhesive between cities and rural areas. Under the special background of the new era, the healthy and sustainable development of characteristic towns is conducive to promoting the integrated development between industries, production cities and urban and rural areas, and to implementing new urbanization, giving full play to the radiation-driven role of urbanization in rural development, promoting rural revitalization, and realizing the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns and urban and rural areas.

　　However, real estate has become the most prominent and common problem in the construction of characteristic towns. It is like a cancer, and its existence will inevitably lead to the risk of empty city, real estate, detachment from reality and debt. The existence of these four risks will not only make the characteristic town lose its ability to gather industry and population, but also seriously restrict the development of the real economy of the characteristic town, which will cause irreversible losses to the characteristic town and the whole local economic and social development.

　　Yang Hongshan: Real estate is an area that small towns want to develop. Characteristic towns are the advanced form of local urbanization. With the concentration of population, the town itself has the desire and demand to develop real estate, but the future of the town is gray only by relying on real estate development. Development can’t just rely on building houses. The development of small towns depends on characteristic industries. If we build characteristic towns with real estate, we will misunderstand the concept of characteristic towns.

　　The development of real estate in small towns is normal, but it needs to be compatible with the development of small towns. Characteristic town is a kind of excellent project. If only real estate is the main industry, is there any characteristic? In the early stage, the scale design was grand, but in the later stage, it was just an ordinary town. It is worth emphasizing that characteristic towns are a phenomenon in the advanced stage of urban development, and they must have characteristics and strong competitiveness industries.

　　Reporter: Real estate appeared during the construction of characteristic towns. How did this phenomenon come into being?

　　Huang Kun: There are subjective and objective reasons for the formation of real estate in the construction of characteristic towns. Subjectively, the one-sided view of political achievements and GDP development is the fundamental reason for the real estate construction of characteristic towns. In some places, people-oriented development ideas and innovative, green, coordinated, open and shared new development concepts are still not established, and the goal is still to pursue the quantitative expansion of GDP, with image project and face project as the starting point, and the chief executive’s will as the main way of resource allocation. Copying and simply copying foreign construction experience, greedy for big and quick, blindly developing, excessively pursuing quantitative goals and investment scale, violates the laws of urbanization and small town construction.

　　Objectively speaking, there are three important incentives for the real estate construction of characteristic towns. The first inducement is the simplicity of real estate and the dilemma of other industries. For many villages, the lack of characteristic natural and economic resources, the lack of necessary development foundation and the lack of financial guarantee for development means that it is difficult to find the breakthrough of industrial development and the development path of urbanization according to the conventional development model. However, the development mode of real estate is simple and easy. As long as it is bold enough and supported by enterprises, it can break through the bottleneck of development, and simply rely on land and capital operation routines to build a new park, new district and new city efficiently and quickly.

　　The second inducement is the continuous rise of real estate prices and the continuous growth of demand for house purchase and land purchase. Since the market-oriented reform of real estate, the price of real estate has been rising unilaterally, which makes it a common social expectation. Although the housing market in third-and fourth-tier cities and small towns has been in a state of oversupply, compared with other industries, the demand has continued to grow, and the return on investment in the real estate market is still high, which makes the government and enterprises still enthusiastic about developing real estate.

　　The third incentive is the continuous expansion of the local fiscal expenditure gap. On the one hand, infrastructure, public services, poverty alleviation and other aspects need more fiscal expenditure, on the other hand, economic growth and fiscal revenue growth in many places, especially at the county and township levels, have slowed down significantly, and the gap in local fiscal expenditure has continued to widen. Under such circumstances, many places have no choice but to obtain more fiscal revenue through real estate.

　　The construction of characteristic towns faces four bad tendencies.

　　Reporter: In addition to real estate, what problems still exist in the process of building characteristic towns?

　　Huang Kun: In addition to the problem of real estate, there are four bad tendencies in the process of building characteristic towns.

　　First, blindly follow the trend and be eager for success. Some places are eager to produce results and achievements, regardless of the actual situation of poor resources and weak economic foundation, blindly follow the trend and completely ignore the objective reality of the construction foundation, operation cycle and investment scale of characteristic towns. Some places are greedy for perfection, engage in image projects and performance projects, and target the construction of characteristic towns, requiring lower-level governments to complete them, emphasizing quantity over quality, which violates the law of economic development.

　　Second, lack of characteristics, lack of industrial support. Some places blindly copy and copy, fail to dig deep into local characteristic industries, are vague about regional resource endowments and cultural connotations, lack creativity in simple imitation and rote copying, and engage in "big platter and hodgepodge". As a result, characteristic towns are empty in name but not strong in characteristics, their industrial positioning is vague, and there is no substantial resource support, regardless of regional development foundation and industrial characteristics. The integration and development of production and city has become empty talk, and the business model is unsustainable.

　　Third, the market-oriented mechanism is insufficient and the development sustainability is lacking. Many characteristic towns are established under the leadership of the government, more just to meet the will and assessment requirements of the government, rather than to meet the needs of consumers or the market. The characteristic towns built in this way are congenitally insufficient, can not be responded or sought after by the market, and it is difficult to absorb more market subjects and population, and it is difficult to develop sustainably in the future.

　　Fourth, the planning is not perfect, and the later management and operation are lagging behind. In some local town planning, there are some phenomena, such as the will of the chief executive, repeated planning, single form, lack of overall planning, and inadequate elements of mining resources. There are double contradictions in characteristic towns, such as superior multi-head management, imperfect supervision and management mechanism and shortage of management institutions and talents at the same level, which lead to many places going astray and deviating from the original intention. Many characteristic towns lack operational ideas, and place their hopes on preferential policies such as tax incentives, financial subsidies, and land inclination.

　　How to make the construction of characteristic towns run healthily

　　Reporter: What measures should be taken to avoid the real estate construction of characteristic towns?

　　Yang Hongshan: From a national perspective, it is necessary to formulate relevant policies to require small towns to strictly control the real estate land use indicators. Bidders with distinctive names and real estate operations make waves, which will not only raise housing prices, but also affect the cost of the real economy and have a negative effect on the development of small towns. Drawing lessons from the past, we can’t let real estate develop. Local governments should review policy issues, support those towns with real characteristic projects that have reached a certain stage of urbanization, and reverse the rush to build characteristic towns.

　　Reporter: In view of the importance of the construction of characteristic towns, what principles should be adhered to in the long run?

　　Huang Kun: In order to ensure that the construction of characteristic towns will not go wrong and remain unchanged, and develop healthily and sustainably according to the original design intention, we must adhere to five basic principles:

　　People-oriented, focusing on construction. The fundamental purpose of building characteristic towns is to meet people’s employment, housing and life needs, which is also the most important factor for the attractiveness and popularity of characteristic towns. This requires the construction of comfortable and convenient public facilities and services, including adequate infrastructure, high-quality public services and social security, and a pleasant ecological environment.

　　One town, one industry, integration of production and town. The development of characteristic towns must have the industrial support of market competitiveness and sustainable viability. Efforts should be made to build basic conditions conducive to industrial development and an open and inclusive business environment, so as to facilitate investors to independently and efficiently combine various types of production and engage in industrial activities.

　　Highlight the characteristics to revitalize the town. Characteristic industry is the core of the development of characteristic towns and the most critical factor to maintain the vitality of characteristic towns. It is necessary to proceed from the reality of local economic and social development, develop characteristic industries, inherit traditional culture, pay attention to ecological environment protection, improve municipal infrastructure and public service facilities, and prevent a thousand towns from being one side. The industries of characteristic towns must be based on local special natural endowments and resource and environmental advantages, such as leisure tourism industry based on the advantages of agriculture and natural landscape, resource development and processing and manufacturing industry based on industrial resources, and supporting industries based on leading industries or industrial clusters in cities or regions.

　　Government-enterprise cooperation, market-oriented. The construction of characteristic towns is a long-term and systematic project. The government and enterprises should strengthen in-depth cooperation, strive for mutual benefit and win-win, and establish a benign interaction and market-oriented mechanism between the government and enterprises. It is necessary to promote the improvement of the construction and operation mode of characteristic towns by means of government guidance, enterprise main body and market-oriented operation, and invest, construct, operate and manage the development of characteristic towns with more market-oriented investment mechanism and operation mode. The government should avoid doing everything, and focus on creating a good development environment for characteristic towns and providing various services for investment and operation enterprises.

　　According to local conditions, do what you can. Proceed from the reality of each region, follow objective laws, seek truth from facts, do what you can, control quantity, improve quality, reflect regional differences, advocate morphological diversity, do not engage in regional balance, industrial balance, quantity requirements and performance evaluation, and prevent blind development and rushing headlong into it.

　　Reporter: How to promote the development of characteristic towns in the right direction by improving relevant systems?

　　Huang Kun: It is inseparable from the reform and innovation of relevant systems to ensure the standardized development and stability of characteristic towns.

　　Establish an institutional mechanism for long-term benign interaction between the government and enterprises. Generally speaking, the government should control the overall situation and enterprises should pay more attention to operation and maintenance. However, in different construction stages, the relationship between the government and enterprises should be dynamically adjusted. In the early stage of town construction, the government should take the lead in making plans and providing basic public facilities services, and give full play to the guiding role of financial funds. In the middle and late stage of town construction, we should actively introduce professional operators and industrial operating institutions to supplement and enhance the town’s production function and life service function in time.

　　Establish an effective incentive and restraint mechanism. It is necessary to appropriately expand the management authority of characteristic towns, and gradually realize the orderly decentralization of financial rights, land rights and affairs rights for the established towns that are included in the construction scope of characteristic towns, and their management functions and authority can be treated according to county towns or mega-towns; Non-organic towns can be allowed to set up characteristic town management committees with certain authority. It is necessary to innovate the policy incentive mechanism, change the distribution sequence of policy support funds, and give timely rewards such as funds to create qualified characteristic towns, instead of blindly giving financial support to characteristic towns that are only in the conceptual stage. It is necessary to determine the long-term investment mechanism in social undertakings, earnestly implement the concept of shared development, and constantly improve the sense of gain of the town and its surrounding residents.

　　Improve the investment and financing mechanism. Innovate the investment and financing mechanism for the construction of characteristic towns, vigorously promote the cooperation between the government and social capital, encourage the use of financial funds to incite social funds, and jointly initiate the establishment of characteristic town construction funds; Study and set up a national new urbanization construction fund to support the development and construction of characteristic towns; Encourage development banks, agricultural development banks, agricultural banks and other financial institutions to increase financial support; Encourage qualified small towns to broaden financing channels by issuing bonds and other means; Classify the construction contents of characteristic towns and actively encourage the overall entry of enterprise funds.

　　Improve the supporting guarantee mechanism. It is necessary to fully liberalize the restrictions on the settlement of small towns, fully implement the residence permit system, and continuously expand the scope of public services; Establish and improve the voluntary paid circulation and withdrawal mechanism of rural land contracting rights, homestead use rights and collective income distribution rights of farmers who have settled in cities; According to the model of "small government, big service", the large-scale department system is implemented to reduce administrative costs and improve administrative efficiency.

Senior Arts and Crafts Artist in Guizhou ProvinceFu Guoyan

CCTV News:Every summer, the workers harvest blue grass enthusiastically, which is the most lively scene in the suburbs of Guiyang. Such a picture was memorable when Fu Guoyan was as tall as bluegrass when she was a child. Guizhou is rich in blue grass, which blooms in July and is harvested in August. Its root is the famous Chinese medicine Radix Isatidis, and its stems and leaves are excellent raw materials for fabric dyeing. "shine on you" means blue grass.

In the 1990s, Fu Guoyan was confined in a small workshop in xiaohe district, Guiyang with a dozen workers, a dozen sewing machines and a big dye vat. She inherited the pioneering capital from her parents, and it was the pure handmade plant batik with bluegrass as the main dye.

Today, the small workshop of more than 10 square meters has expanded to the three-story shop of more than 5,000 square meters; The 2,600-square-meter Guizhou Cuixing Complex is located in Tianhetan Scenic Area, Guiyang, adjacent to the flower sea and close to the lake, which has become a new window to show Guizhou populism. Behind this, it is a growth sample of a private enterprise relying on the "Splendid Plan" of the People’s Livelihood Project of Guizhou Women’s Federation, and it is also an inspirational story of Fu Guoyan, a female craftsman, who insisted on Guizhou’s populist inheritance and led women to get rid of poverty and increase income.　

Female craftsmen show batik embroidery skills

Fu Guoyan’s dry batik is a female inheritance. She was born in Anshun, Guizhou, where batik is known as "the first dyeing in the East" and Anshun is also known as "the hometown of batik". Fu Guoyan heard from his father that in his early years, his grandfather set up a dyehouse in Anshun market town. Among many workshops, Shuaijia, Fujia and Tanjia were larger. Fu Jia is the ancestor of Fu Guoyan.

In 1988, Fu Guoyan quit her enviable job as a salesperson in a state-owned enterprise and opened a small batik workshop. In 1990, the Asian Games was held in Beijing, and the Chinese style was very popular in Asia. In the streets and lanes, more and more Guiyang people who dare to show off wear national costumes, and batik bat shirts and tie-dyed dresses have become the most fashionable dresses. Fu Guoyan saw the business opportunity and cooperated with friends to open a batik clothing factory.

Guizhou is a veritable non-legacy province, with more than 6,000 "non-legacy" lists from county level to world level, covering traditional crafts, folk songs and dances, etc. How can these populists be passed down? Fu Guoyan began to study the market-oriented development of ethnic handicrafts. "Non-legacy" products such as ponytail embroidery, Miao embroidery and batik are very popular.

Fu Guoyan (right) went to the farmer’s house to collect embroidery.　

There are 16.09 million women in Guizhou province, of whom 36% are ethnic minority women, and about 60% live in rural areas. Over the years, going out to work has almost become the only way for women to get rid of poverty and increase their income, but it has brought social problems such as left-behind children and left-behind elderly people. In the 1990s, many villages had no access to water, and drinking water had to be carried on their backs by walking for several hours. The villagers lived in poverty and backwardness.

At that time, Fu Guoyan often went to Shan Ye fields hundreds of kilometers away alone to buy batik embroidery and other ethnic handicrafts, and she could carry back nearly 100 kilograms of ethnic handicrafts with her own sewing backpack. "Sometimes I can’t find the way. Others pointed to a hill and said that it would take two hours to walk. As a result, I found that four or five hours passed and it was dark." Fu Guoyan recalled that this made her strengthen the idea of using populism to pull villagers out of poverty and increase income.

In order to ensure the quality and quantity of products, she has always insisted on buying products from embroidered mothers with three times the order number. For unqualified products, she would rather cut them and throw them away. "To avoid the embroidered mother’s bad embroidery in the future, her products can be collected for her, but you have to cut it with scissors in front of her and throw it into the garbage. Only by making this determination can we make the product well. " Once, in order to catch up with customers, Fu Guoyan took the team and didn’t sleep for three days and three nights. "Because once you sleep, they must sleep, so there is no way. Just take them without sleeping for three days and three nights, and make products and give them to customers."

Shenshantong Highway in Guizhou

Since 2013, Guizhou Women’s Federation has taken the lead in launching Splendid Plan, combining women’s handiwork with precision poverty alleviation, and integrating traditional skills with modern fashion. Women’s "fingertip economy" has mushroomed, and more than a thousand skilled poverty alleviation bases, 1,354 women’s characteristic handicraft enterprises and professional cooperatives have been built, with nearly 500,000 women engaged in characteristic handicraft industries and auxiliary industries. The Women’s Federation of Guizhou Province integrated all member units to carry out 65,000 person-times of splendid plan training, and the output value of the handicraft industry with women’s characteristics in Guizhou Province reached 6 billion yuan.

This solved Fu Guoyan’s big problem. "Women receive training in the cooperative, and I will go to the cooperative to get it when the goods are delivered. The group of embroidered mothers has expanded and the quality is good, so I don’t have to collect them one by one. " Fu Guoyan said with a smile.

With the implementation and promotion of "Splendid Plan", Fu Guoyan found more than 20 "non-legacy" inheritors, who set up rural cooperatives and handicraft alliance bases in Anshun, Qiandongnan and Qiannan. Through training embroidered mothers and craftsmen, their products can be directly provided to Qiancuihang.

Since the patented technology product "Silk Batik" launched in 1994 won the gold medal at the International Small and Medium-sized Enterprises New Products and New Technologies Expo, in 2010, Fu Guoyan provided 90% of the exhibits for the Guizhou Pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo, including Miao silver ornaments and aquatic ponytail embroidery crafts. In 2016, she brought Guizhou ethnic handicrafts to the 12th China Shenzhen Cultural Expo, and in 2018, members of delegations from Cambodia, Malaysia, Myanmar and other ASEAN countries were deeply attracted by the exquisite embroidery patterns of ponytail embroidered handbags she brought.

Fu GuoyanParticipated as a representative in the Twelfth National Congress of Women in China (source map)

"You respect the dye vat and clean up around it. The things you dye are just different." Today, Fu Guoyan’s team has obtained 15 patents of Guizhou ethnic handicrafts, but she still holds the unchanging persistence and awe of traditional crafts. "More and better folk arts products will be created, which will continue to drive more poor women to increase their income by staying at home, so that the bright pearl of ethnic handicrafts can be passed on to more people."

Special feature of 1905 film network Kowloon walled city, also known as Kowloon walled city, is located in a besieged city in Kowloon City, which belongs to the historical city of Hong Kong and was demolished in 1993.

On May 1st, the film was released, which was directed by,,, raymond lam,,,, and so on. It is a Hong Kong-style action movie from boxing to meat. With a gripping picture of the times, the Fortress Besieged of Kowloon Walled City vividly reproduces the chaotic zone of Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong in the 1980s, which was called "three cares". The film shows the turbulent waves in the notorious walled city and reveals the living conditions of the people at the bottom of society at that time.

The film tells the story of Chen Luojun, a warm-blooded young man, who was framed and issued a chase order by the big boss of the legion. After being seriously injured, Luo Jun was rescued by Weishui and fled to a place where there is no competition — — Kowloon walled city and walled city are all masters of hiding. The only thing that can restrain the big boss is the tornado. The story of the brothers in walled city uniting with the big boss to fight for life and death and defend their homeland.

After the film was released on May 1st, the box office continued to decline, showing an upward performance. After the film was released, its word-of-mouth rose, which triggered a lot of competitions about the value of role force in bilibili. In this programme, starring raymond lam and Professor Suo Yabin from Communication University of China interpret the Fortress Besieged in Kowloon Castle for you.

Who is the first choice for the force value PK of Kowloon walled city?

Raymond lam chose himself. He added that Cheng Luojun, who is played by him, has a very high fighting ability, so more than 90% of the actions are all done by the actors themselves, and all the pain is extremely real.

Liu Junqian, an actor, thinks that Wang Jiu has the highest force value, because in the play, Wang Jiu can fight four times, and he can compete for many rounds regardless of the outcome. Zitong Hu, an actor, chose Tornado played by Louis Koo. In the original work, he was the figure with the highest force value, and his image was handsome and he could fight.

In this regard,forestFengEmphasis: "It seems that there has never been such an action design and such a style in action movies in Hong Kong. It seems that we have found a new language to interpret action movies."

The film critic sharply graded the film.

As a veteran fan of action movies, Suo Yabin, a professor at Communication University of China, scored 7.5 points for Fortress Besieged in Kowloon Castle, and stressed: "If the action scenes of it are taken out separately, I can score 9 points. If those two words are used to describe it, it is the rivers and lakes in the city and the martial arts in life. " Such a high evaluation shows how attractive the action drama of this film is.

Looking back at the development of Hong Kong-style action movies since this century, we can say that there has been great progress in technology. For example, in recent series, Hong Kong-style action movies will focus on the explosion of nuclear bombs; In those days, it was the first time to shoot a martial arts 3D film, and later he filmed underwater martial arts 3D in it.

However, director Zheng Baorui is just taking a different approach. His martial arts film returns to the original intention of Hong Kong action movies, and explores the performance potential of basic physical fighting actions that belong to people themselves. Therefore, Zheng Baorui borrowed a lot of old Hong Kong action movies’ sub-types. For example, the two protagonists in the film are friends but have to fight for life and death because of different positions. In the end, each of them ties a cloth and covers his eyes, which is especially like a scene in Fang Shiyu 2: Ten Thousand Enemies.

For another example, a cook who cooks barbecued pork in the film suddenly becomes a martial arts expert by dancing with two knives. This scene can also find a similar plot in the movie.

Another example is Wang Jiu, who has a magical power to protect his body. He is invulnerable and always reminds people of the films directed by him.

For those who are familiar with Hong Kong films, it is not difficult to find that the source of the Hong Kong film "Fortress Besieged in Kowloon Castle" can be traced back to director Tsui Hark’s filming more than 20 years ago. First of all, "Fortress Besieged by Kowloon Castle" and "Upstream" come down in one continuous line is the vertical design of action. The unique terrain of Kowloon Castle determines that the action design will be extended from the usual horizontal angle to the vertical action design.

Whether walking in the corridor, jumping on the stairs, or even climbing the eaves outside the building, the audience can see that this film is inheriting and innovating at the same time.

However, in the process of watching movies, there are also many viewers who think that the last four young people exaggerated their drama when they finally confronted Wang Jiu. The reason is that Hong Kong, China’s action films especially like to pursue a tension between realism and freehand brushwork. The way to deal with the action in Fortress Besieged by Heroes in Kowloon Castle is to construct the illusion of action through audio-visual language.

For example, in a narrow corridor, when the enemy is after him, he can jump over this person by jumping in the air and fall across the other side. This is a setting beyond the real physical logic, but at the climax of the film, this setting is becoming more and more obvious.

In action design, the villain was forced to swallow a truncated sword, and the enemy was defeated by using the destructiveness of the truncated sword in the body. With the action design method with fantastic and fantastic supernatural flavor, only when the audience knows how to appreciate the action scenes can they really love and appreciate this movie.

Questioning the plot and characterization?

In addition, in the plot and characterization, "Fortress Besieged by Heroes in Kowloon Castle" has also been questioned by some viewers. For example, the audience thinks that "the characters and the plot are very popular because of the opposition between good and evil" and "the protagonist Chen Luojun became attached to the tornado after entering the city village, and quickly merged into it. This plot is too coincidental and too simple".

Indeed, according to director Zheng Baorui’s previous works, the storyline and characterization in the film "Fortress Besieged by Heroes in Kowloon Walled City" are indeed substandard. For example, Chen Luojun’s growth arc is not reflected in the gradual fullness of his personality and values, but in the gradual improvement of his combat effectiveness, so it will appear that the ideological and psychological depth of the characters is not enough and relatively flat.

In addition, why does the director spend a lot of time to create a plot that the audience thinks is more coincidental and simple? Perhaps the fireworks in Kowloon Castle gave this story a particularly strong realistic color. It can be understood that the literary drama in this part of the film is actually paving the way for martial arts drama. When the realistic color is combined with the action scene behind the film review, it will produce a wonderful tension.

"Hit" Hong Kong-style action "Xintiandi"?

You know, the film’s scenery is as realistic as possible to restore the Kowloon walled city in the 1980s. According to Zheng Baorui, the director, his greatest personal feelings about the castle in this play are "inseparable" and "not staying low (staying)". These two words have profound meanings.

Historically, Kowloon Walled Park used to be a no-holds-barred zone between the Hong Kong government, Britain and the mainland. When the cession treaty was signed that year, it was declared that this piece of land in Hong Kong still belonged to China, but the Central People’s Government did not want to go deep into this area to disturb or be regarded as a provocative act, and it gradually became an anarchic den of thieves.

As a geographical space, the Kowloon walled city was demolished in 1993. In the physical sense, this walled city can’t stay, but it can’t be separated from the spirit and concept it carries. This "three-no-cares" zone, because the current civilized order and legal norms in this space are ineffective, everyone relies on the morality of the rivers and lakes, which also carries the martial arts dream and river lake dream of Hong Kong film directors. Like it or not, it actually has such a layer of charm.

At the end of this "Fortress Besieged in Kowloon City", there is a plane flying above the kite. No matter how high the kite flies, there will be a huge plane hanging over it, forming a particularly distinctive visual oppression. This scene implies that the process of modern life is crushed on the Kowloon walled city like an airplane, and the traditional way of life will be slowly dissolved and eventually passed away under the constant impact of the civilized order of modern social life.

However, is it true that modern civilization will eventually abandon such "wild" and "barbaric" things as Kowloon Castle? I remember saying, "Without humanity, people will lose a lot, but without animality, people will lose everything.".

The vitality of "wildness" is actually the core driving force to ensure that people can continue to go on. Perhaps it is also the case. When many people think that Hong Kong-style martial arts films are beginning to decline, there will be people who are willing to make such great efforts and invest so much to shoot an action film.

The greatest significance of Fortress Besieged by Kowloon Castle is that it provides a new development possibility, that is, an action that has been ignored and abandoned by us — — Fighting originated from human limbs. It still has a lot of room to explore, which may be the next starting point for Hong Kong-style action movies and Chinese-language action movies.

　　To extend the industrial chain and supply chain, we need to pay more attention to forging innovation chain, continue to start from the aspects of manufacturing and technology research and development, and constantly exert efforts from key core technologies to help the manufacturing industry become stronger, better and bigger with innovation.

　　Doing a good job in industrial chain coordination, talent coordination and regional coordination, and arranging economic development factors more efficiently and intensively have become an important path to achieve industrial development breakthroughs.

　　During his inspection tour in Hunan, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Efforts should be made to build an important national advanced manufacturing industry, scientific and technological innovation with core competitiveness, and a highland for reform and opening up in inland areas, so as to blaze new trails in promoting high-quality development, show new achievements in building a new development pattern, and show new responsibilities in promoting the rise of the central region and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt." At the beginning of the "14th Five-Year Plan", the Hunan Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government kept in mind the entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and planned to lay out a number of major industrial projects to create new engines and cultivate new kinetic energy for high-quality development.

　　The land of Sanxiang is full of spring, and a unique on-site observation meeting to promote the construction of industrial projects was held in Changsha. At this observation meeting, the main leaders of Hunan Provincial Party Committee led a team to visit and investigate a number of enterprises in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. Based on regional coordination, highlighting key industries, observing and investigating on the spot, and promoting work on the spot, Hunan promoted high-quality development with high-quality industrial project construction in the first year of the 14 th Five-Year Plan.

　　High-quality real economy, industry is the foundation, and projects are the starting point. The orientation of industrial project construction is unclear and the direction is right, which directly affects the release of development kinetic energy and the improvement of development effectiveness. At the Zhuzhou site of the exhibition, a number of green, energy-saving and efficient new products were lined up, covering rail transit, new materials, biomedicine and other fields. In the past, high-pollution and high-energy-consuming projects were gradually eliminated, and new industries, such as cage-changing, transformation and upgrading, are becoming local pillar industries, bringing together the development potential of new and old kinetic energy conversion. Facing the "14th Five-Year Plan", we should pay attention to the upgrading of traditional industries and the layout of strategic emerging industries, promote the manufacturing industry to be digital and intelligent, and aim at key areas and core technologies, so as to activate new kinetic energy for high-quality development and form new development advantages.

　　The key to industrial prosperity lies in a strong industrial chain. It is necessary to deploy innovation chain around the industrial chain, lay out the industrial chain around innovation chain, and strengthen the dominant position of technological innovation of enterprises. When observing a company, visitors were attracted by the dazzling array of industrial optical lenses. A light field camera that shoots first and then focuses, a 150 million pixel lens, and a lens for mask aligner … … These are the results of independent innovation of enterprises. It is worth mentioning that in the prevention and control of epidemic situation in COVID-19, the share of this enterprise in the international market has increased instead of falling, which highlights the power of independent innovation. This enlightens people that to extend the industrial chain and supply chain, we need to pay more attention to forging innovation chain, continue to start from manufacturing, technology research and development, and constantly exert efforts from key core technologies to boost the manufacturing industry to become stronger, better and bigger through innovation.

　　In the interview, the author heard this sentence: "‘ Brain ’ In Changsha, the production workshop is located in the field, and the tax revenue is divided. " Giving full play to their respective comparative advantages and learning from each other’s strengths is an important exploration to build regional synergy on the basis of industrial development. The person in charge of a company said that the ultra-high strength steel produced by itself, although with superior technical parameters, was not immediately accepted by the international market at the beginning of its introduction. As a result, they first let the products be applied in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region, and after being tested by users, they formed a demonstration effect and gradually opened up a larger market. Not only products, recently, the scope of regional collaboration is broader and closer. The "Craftsman’s College", which trains high-skilled talents, signed a strategic agreement with Zhuzhou Economic Development Zone on public service for talent training to realize talent output. Doing a good job in industrial chain coordination, talent coordination and regional coordination, and arranging economic development factors more efficiently and intensively have become an important path to achieve breakthroughs in industrial development.

　　Qian Fan competes for hair, and hundreds of battles compete for flow. Starting a new journey, the opportunities for high-quality development are better, the environment is better and the motivation is stronger. In this vigorous season, we will surely achieve high-quality development by working hard, pioneering and innovating, implementing projects, making the industry bigger and stronger, and making the regional economy vibrant in generate.

　　(The author is a reporter from Hunan Branch of this newspaper)

CCTV News:The process of home improvement involves dozens of links, large and small, and the degree of standardization is low, so it is difficult for ordinary consumers to master relevant knowledge. Once something goes wrong, the cost of safeguarding rights is high and there are few ways, which has always been an industry with low satisfaction. When it comes to decoration, people often feel that there are many pits and deep water. People who have experience in decoration all say that problems in materials, quotation and construction quality are more common.

Qingwenyi Xinhua Net Map

On November 9th, Qing Wenyi, a 17-year-old swimming star, died suddenly in the dormitory of the Beijing national team. She had just won the women’s 100-meter and 200-meter breaststroke gold medals at the first Youth Games.

According to Xinhua News Agency, Qing Wenyi suddenly went into shock in the dormitory in the early morning of November 9, and the team immediately called the 120 ambulance. However, the rescue failed to save the young girl’s life.

As of press time, the China Swimming Team has not announced the detailed reasons for Qing Wenyi’s sudden death, and it does not rule out that it was caused by a sudden heart attack.

In the early morning, my teammates were awakened by a loud cry.

According to Xinhua News Agency, it happened at three or four o’clock in the morning on November 9. My roommate was awakened by a loud cry from Qing Wenyi. She turned on the light and called her, only to find that she didn’t respond. The roommate invited the team doctor to make a preliminary diagnosis. The team doctor thought the situation was bad and called 120 ambulances.

The ambulance doctor carried out emergency rescue on her while sending her to Tiantan Hospital for further rescue. After informing Qing Wenyi’s parents, the national team, the Beijing team and the relevant leaders and responsible persons of the Beijing Municipal Sports Bureau, they rushed to Tiantan Hospital separately. After nearly an hour of rescue, Qing Wenyi was still unable to pull back from the death line. Tiantan Hospital announced the death of Qing Wenyi.

While Qing Wenyi was sent to the hospital, the national swimming team also informed her parents. As the only daughter in the family, Qing Wenyi’s death also caused great pain to her parents. They said that they would not do an autopsy and hoped to let their daughter rest in peace as soon as possible.

She was once regarded as the future "female frog king"

The name Qing Wenyi is not familiar to people, and she only came to the fore at the Youth Games last month.

At the Youth Games held at the end of October, Qing Wenyi won the 100m breaststroke champion on behalf of Beijing Shunyi Team, and two days later, she won the second gold in 200m breaststroke.

After Luo Xuejuan and Qi Hui retired, China women’s breaststroke entered a "off-schedule period", and 17-year-old Qing Wenyi’s performance at the Youth Games made people see the potential. Her winning results in the women’s 100m and 200m breaststroke in the Youth Games were 1 minute 08.99 seconds and 2 minutes 30.39 seconds respectively, and these two results could reach the semi-finals in Kazan World Championships.

After winning two gold medals in the Youth Games, she told the reporter of Beijing Evening News that her achievements "should have room for improvement". After Beijing Shunyi team won the silver medal in the 4× 100m medley relay, she also wrote in her own Weibo that "go back and continue to work hard".

However, it is a pity that the swimming star can no longer be seen in the swimming pool.

The physical examination was normal, and the national team had a case of sudden death.

Up to now, the specific cause of death of Qing Wenyi has not been announced, and it is not ruled out that it was caused by a heart attack.

It is worth mentioning that just two weeks ago, on October 28th, Qing Wenyi also took part in a physical examination with all her teammates, and all the results were normal.

However, Sun Chunli, the leader of the Beijing swimming team, told Beijing Youth Daily that Qing Wenyi had a comment on sinus bradycardia on his physical examination form, but it was normal for most people who often engaged in sports. Sun Chunli also revealed that such sudden death occurred once in the national swimming team in 1972, and was diagnosed as acute pancreatitis after dissection. The situation of Qing Wenyi is somewhat similar, but it cannot be asserted that it is related to heart or pancreatitis.

According to Xinhua News Agency, Qing Wenyi was a substitute member of the national team. She just concentrated on training on November 2, and the current training is only a recovery training. The intensity is not great. On the 8 th of the day before her death, she only swam less than 1,000 meters. It seems that it is difficult to think that "too tired" is the direct cause of her sudden death. Ma Wei, an expert in cardiovascular medicine at the First Hospital of Peking University, explained in an interview with Tencent Sports: "Under normal circumstances, sudden death is caused by heart overload. Young cases like Qing Wenyi are mostly caused by hereditary or congenital heart abnormalities, and myocarditis is very likely."

Some people also suspect on the internet that Qing Wenyi’s sudden death is related to stimulants. However, people related to the swimming team denied this speculation, saying that everything was normal in the doping test of the Youth Games, and no doping was found. It can be confirmed that the death of Qing Wenyi was not caused by doping.

Swimmers are also at risk of heart disease.

It is worth mentioning that this is not the first time that a swimmer has died suddenly. In April 2012, Norwegian swimmer alexander dale oen died suddenly in the locker room of the swimming pool during the Olympic training camp. The final death report showed that he died of a serious heart disease caused by a coronary blood clot.

In 2007, Zhou Yanchun, a 17-year-old national first-class swimmer in Shanghai, drowned in the swimming pool. The cause of death was also that he had myocarditis before and suffered from ventricular arrhythmia due to lack of oxygen during high-intensity training.

In fact, two Olympic champions, Luo Xuejuan and Sun Yang, also suffer from heart diseases. Luo Xuejuan had to retire early, regretfully, from the initial heart ischemia and hypoxia to multiple ectopic beats. Sun Yang also suffered from myocarditis caused by a cold in 2008, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the myocardium, and Kazan World Championships also suffered from heart discomfort in the 1500m freestyle final. He once told The Paper that in severe cases, the heart beat 10,000 times a day.

An expert who used to be a researcher of the national swimming team told The Paper that there is no direct evidence that swimming is easy to cause heart disease. "Compared with other sports, the proportion of heart disease among swimmers is not high, and foreign reports show that the probability is a few ten thousandths."

However, he also admitted that because swimmers have been challenging the physical limits, the heart load is not small. "And holding your breath in the water will also cause the problem of heart ischemia and hypoxia. Once there is a problem with the heart, there is indeed a risk."

A former national swimmer who did not want to be named also told The Paper that short-distance swimming training will have some impact on the heart. "Generally, in short-distance swimming training, most of them use the method of holding their breath to reduce resistance and improve speed in an anaerobic state. In fact, under the condition of high-intensity training competition, this does have an impact on the heart."

On January 9th, Netease Cloud Music announced a brand-new revision today. The core sections such as homepage recommendation/playing interface/personal homepage/community square were completely refreshed, and Slogan was changed back to the first edition (Note of IT House: the original Slogan is the power of music).

Netease Cloud Music officially said that there are two points that need to be apologized to everyone most (Note of IT House: the first one was not said). The official decided to promote the biggest revision of Netease Cloud Music in history, "returning to the way it all started".

First of all, Around listening to music, we have created the whole home page for you. Fully personalized customization, from daily push and private radar to song list and singer, can recommend good music for you in many dimensions.

Secondly,. "AIDJ" will take you into a more immersive listening experience. Spiritual roaming is also a kind of running away. The advantage is that the more immersed you are, the less likely it is to be disturbed by mundane chores.

Third,. Maximize "music criticism is community", recommend high-quality music criticism according to your preference for listening to songs, and the lonely soul will eventually be understood in every music criticism.

Finally,. We are here to recommend songs, charts, podcasts and so on carefully selected by Yuncun Editor. Let you enjoy the accurate recommendation of the algorithm and still experience the fun of browsing "music magazines". We think this is also "cloud music".

In addition to the above, all the impractical functions that disturb your listening to songs have been deleted.

IT house test, the latest version of Netease cloud music after revision is, you can go to the official introduction page to learn more information and download the App.

Original zi yi Guo ke

Imagine such a scene: a new drug-resistant bacteria will be popular among people in the future, and you are unfortunately infected and lying in the intensive care unit. All the antibiotics injected into your body are completely ineffective, and your life is dying, and you will die like many infected people …

Terrible, isn’t it?

In order to keep yourself alive and avoid the above scene becoming a reality, can you get rid of the habit of taking antibiotics easily from now on to ensure your safety?

No, you don’t abuse antibiotics, your family and friends may abuse them, strangers you meet on the road may abuse them, and even pigs may abuse them.

However, does the use of antibiotics have anything to do with my infection? Of course, drug-resistant bacteria from other people and animals can also infect you.

Abuse of antibiotics by others or animals may also infect you giphy drug-resistant bacteria.

Gonorrhea in the U.S navy is difficult to treat.

Because the sex workers used the wrong antibiotics?

In the 1960s, millions of sailors gathered all the year round at the US Naval Base in subic bay. A large number of people flow has promoted the prosperity and development of local economy, especially bars, nightclubs and brothels. Navy soldiers often hang around these places as long as they are not on duty.

After indulging, many people go to see a military doctor as soon as they return to the boat because they find urethral secretions. They were diagnosed with gonorrhea, that is, gonococcal infection, and received standard penicillin treatment. But strangely, the treatment effect of the navy is not ideal, and the number of infected people is increasing.

The preventive medicine department of the navy conducted an investigation and found that there were two reasons for the failure of the navy’s treatment: one was misdiagnosis, and half of the people suffered from nongonococcal urethritis (such as chlamydia and mycoplasma infection) instead of gonorrhea; The second is drug resistance. The other half of the soldiers who were really infected with gonococcus had strong drug resistance to penicillin, which was not common at that time.

Why is there such a large-scale drug resistance at the naval base in subic bay?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is resistant to penicillin, which leads to unsatisfactory treatment effect of gonorrhea | flickr

Gonorrhea is mainly transmitted through sexual contact. Considering the common "recreational activities" of the navy, the preventive medicine department began an investigation from sex workers. It turns out that in a clinic where sex workers gather, doctors use benzathine penicillin to treat gonorrhea of sex workers, and they also go to the pharmacy to buy this penicillin themselves.

However, killing Neisseria gonorrhoeae, especially Neisseria gonorrhoeae resistant to penicillin, requires the use of fast-acting drugs, and the drugs cannot stay in the body for too long, otherwise it will provide natural selection opportunities for drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the most suitable drug is procaine penicillin, not benzathine penicillin, which has slow onset and long retention time in the body. Excessive use of the same wrong drug has produced penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in sex workers.

At the same time, the preventive medicine department also found that when the sex workers were examined in this small clinic, the doctor never disinfected the vaginal dilator to improve efficiency, but put a big bucket of water beside him. After each patient was examined, he rinsed it in the bucket and then continued to examine the next one. This irregular operation paved a broad road for the spread of pathogenic bacteria …

In this way, the drug-resistant bacteria spread from one sex worker to another, and then infected the navy soldiers through sexual transmission, and the soldiers then spread them to other sex workers, which led to the widespread spread of drug-resistant bacteria.

After discovering the cause, the Department of Preventive Medicine improved the treatment scheme of gonorrhea, and solved the problem of cross infection by purchasing sterilizers and a large number of vaginal dilators. Finally, the number of patients with drug-resistant gonorrhea plummeted, and the situation of seafarers improved.

Drug-resistant bacteria repeatedly "jump horizontally" among sex workers and naval soldiers, leading to the widespread spread of drug-resistant bacteria | pexels

Pigs eat antibiotics

It can also "upgrade" the bacteria on people.

Drug-resistant bacteria can spread not only between people, but also between people and animals.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the common multi-drug resistant bacteria, also known as "superbugs".

It is speculated that in 2019, more than 100,000 deaths were related to MRSA. In a study published in June, 2022, Lucy A. Venat of Cambridge University proposed that MRSA (livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, LA-MRSA) in livestock was an important reason for the increasing human infection with MRSA.

Simply put, if pigs eat more antibiotics, they can also "pass" drug-resistant bacteria to people.

But this "transmission" is not that bacteria directly run from pigs to people, but that drug-resistant bacteria in pigs pass the "skill" of drug resistance to bacteria in people. This is achieved by Mobile genetic elements, MGEs). MGEs can "transport" drug-resistant genes from one bacterium to another, even if the two bacteria belong to different species.

Drug-resistant genes can be integrated into plasmids, and then enter other bacteria through plasmids.

Scientists have found that among the most common LA-MRSA in Europe, one MGEs with drug resistance gene has been stably inherited for 57 years, which dates back to the time when antibiotics were widely used in livestock.

When livestock use a large number of antibiotics to produce LA-MRSA, the related drug-resistant genes can be grafted into human Staphylococcus aureus through MGEs transfer, so that the common Staphylococcus aureus can be "upgraded" to drug-resistant MRSA. Even if humans did not use antibiotics at that time, they would be infected with bacteria that were more difficult to treat.

"One world, one health", the uncontrolled use of antibiotics on animals will eventually affect human beings.

After a large number of animals use antibiotics to produce drug-resistant bacteria, the related drug-resistant genes can "upgrade" the bacteria in people | wallpaperflare

Norwegians eat 24 tons of antibiotics every year.

Norwegian salmon eats 48 tons

Today, more and more people are aware of this potential crisis, and the control system of antibiotic use in aquaculture tends to be perfect, but this was not the case decades ago.

After the emergence of antibiotics, people who breed livestock and poultry found that feeding antibiotics can not only fight against some infectious diseases, but also promote the growth of livestock and poultry, increase the output of agricultural meat products and improve profits.

In the 1960s, many countries, such as Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States, enacted laws to reduce the use of antibiotics-especially to reduce the use of antibiotics for humans by livestock. However, driven by interests, these policies are either strongly resisted or disobeyed, and it is always difficult to implement them.

But there are also successful examples.

Norway has the highest salmon production in the world, and its quality is among the best.

Orange-yellow fish, fresh Q-bomb, is soft, tender and smooth in one bite, melts in the mouth, and the special aroma spreads in the mouth … Well, it’s a bit off topic | flickr.

In 1980s, Norwegian salmon industry developed on a large scale, which brought a problem, that is, furuncle began to spread in fish on a large scale. In order to protect salmon, Norwegian fishermen began to use antibiotics preventively and added them directly to fish feed. By the end of 1980s, the demand for antibiotics was increasing, and fishermen even used cement mixers to mix them into fish feed.

During that time, Norwegians prescribed an average of 24 tons of antibiotics every year, while salmon consumed 48 tons of antibiotics every year. Salmon used twice as many antibiotics as all Norwegians!

These fish feeds mixed with antibiotics were directly poured into the fishing ground and flowed into the nearby waters, so that high levels of antibiotics appeared in fish thousands of meters away from the fishing ground, and even in birds that feed on fish.

Local TV stations have produced relevant documentaries, calling on the government to issue an antibiotic supervision bill. However, the appeal was strongly resisted by fishing groups, and the documentary producers also received anonymous threat bombs. Documentaries have been banned, but the truth will never be buried. The public is paying more and more attention to the problem of drug resistance, and the fishery is under increasing pressure.

Fortunately, people later developed a salmon vaccine that can prevent furuncle, which can be injected from the abdomen of fish through automated procedures. This method not only reduces the use of antibiotics, but also stabilizes the salmon economy and has been vigorously promoted.

In 1994, vaccination of salmon became a routine operation in Norway, and the use of antibiotics plummeted.

In recent years, countries are trying to limit or stop using antibiotics in aquaculture. China has always advocated the rational and standardized use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry breeding. Announcement No.194 issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs stated that since New Year’s Day in 2020, the addition of antibiotics to feed in China has been completely banned.

Efforts to restrict or stop using antibiotics in aquaculture | Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China

The emergence of drug resistance predates the invention of antibiotics.

But the abuse of antibiotics makes it rampant.

Whether in the medical industry or animal husbandry, standardizing the use of antibiotics is to avoid producing drug-resistant bacteria and ensure that after human beings are infected with bacteria, antibiotics can kill bacteria and cure diseases.

However, the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria is not entirely the result of antibiotic use.

A study in 2012 found that there were many kinds of bacteria resistant to potent and advanced antibiotics in Lechuguilla cave, which was isolated from human civilization for nearly 4 million years. Among the 40 antibiotics tested by the researchers, a Bacteroides bacterium with the number LC231 is resistant to 26 of them.

Lechukier Cave | flickr

Another similar example is that in 2013, scientists analyzed a batch of microbial specimens from isolated Indians living in the depths of the Amazon jungle, who had never used antibiotics. The results showed that these microorganisms were resistant not only to natural antibiotics, but also to some synthetic antibiotics.

Therefore, it is actually natural evolution that initially caused bacteria to develop drug resistance.

For a long time, there are many kinds of bacteria in the soil. In order to compete for living space, they have to work hard to find ways to beat their competitors. Some bacteria have evolved the ability to make antibiotics and actively attack other bacteria. For example, the streptomycin we use now comes from streptomyces griseus in the soil. There are also some "Buddha" bacteria that only defend and do not attack. In order to defend their territory, they have evolved a set of mechanisms to resist the attack of foreign antibiotics, which is drug resistance.

Drug resistance is difficult to deal with because it is a defense mechanism that bacteria have evolved for thousands of years.

In the common defense system of bacteria, the outermost layer is the cell wall, which resists foreign attacks like a city wall, and the inner layer is a relatively thin inner membrane, which together protect the interior of bacteria from being destroyed.

When different kinds of antibiotics invade bacteria, they have different strategies:

Classification of attack modes against bacterial antibiotics

(1) by opening holes in the cell wall and cell membrane to launch a large-scale frontal attack, thus killing bacteria, such as polymyxin.

Frontal attack on cell walls and cell membranes | Photo courtesy of the author

(2) to prevent bacteria from building a complete cell wall, so that they lose protection and rupture and die, such as penicillin, cephalosporin, vancomycin, etc.

Prevent bacteria from building cell walls | Photo courtesy of the author

(3) Sneak into bacteria, control the "headquarters" in charge of the synthesis of important substances, interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids, enzymes, protein, and inhibit bacterial reproduction, such as tetracycline, azithromycin, levofloxacin and sulfonamides.

"Hijacking" the bacterial "headquarters" and interfering with the synthesis of important substances | Photo courtesy of the author

In the process of resistance, bacteria constantly evolve through gene mutation, and some random mutations can just resist the attack of antibiotics, so this part of bacteria survived the battle and passed this mutation on to the next generation, giving future generations the ability to resist antibiotics. There are many forms of these mutations, mainly the following:

Classification of bacterial defense modes

(1) create cell walls that antibiotics can’t recognize, so that they can’t play a role, such as vancomycin-resistant drug-resistant bacteria.

② Shrink the boundary and reduce the permeability of the cell wall, so as to prevent certain kinds of antibiotics from entering the interior, or strictly limit their quantity, and weaken their bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects.

③ Use the efflux pump on the cell membrane to actively pump antibiotics out of the body.

(4) using the cleaving enzyme in bacteria to cut off antibiotic molecules, so that it loses its curative effect. One of the most famous enzymes is called "β-lactamase", which can cut off β -lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin and vancomycin.

⑤ Adding chemical groups to antibiotic molecules makes antibiotics huge and difficult to reach the "headquarters".

⑥ Change the shape or size of the target targeted by antibiotics, so that antibiotics cannot accurately identify and attack. For example, MRSA stopped synthesizing protein, which can be found by the antibiotic methicillin, and instead made another protein with different structure but the same function.

The drug resistance mechanism of drug-resistant bacteria found in Lechukier cave is almost the same as that of the well-known drug-resistant bacteria, and even several more than that previously known by human beings. This is enough to show that the mechanism of bacterial drug resistance is very old, and it may have existed before human activities.

So, what’s the point of restricting the use of antibiotics?

Of course there is.

In natural evolution, for thousands of years, the bacteria that produce antibiotics and the bacteria that resist antibiotics have restricted each other and reached a balanced competition. However, the overuse of antibiotics in the world has led to more and faster evolution of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, and drug-resistant bacteria in soil, water, homes and hospitals have flourished and flooded without substantial competition.

Therefore, although the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria is the result of natural evolution, the proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria is indeed caused by antibiotic abuse.

The terrible thing about flooding is that the speed of human research and development of new antibiotics can’t keep up with the speed of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria. If this continues, there will be more and more infectious diseases without antibiotics, and the number of people who die from drug-resistant bacterial infections will also increase year by year.

The overuse of antibiotics in the world makes pathogenic bacteria evolve drug resistance more and faster | The University of Queensland.

Avoid drug resistance:

You can’t use more or less.

If you want to avoid the proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria and the horror scene at the beginning of the article, there are some ways.

First of all, don’t use antibiotics when they can’t cure the disease.

In the eighties and nineties, for many people, antibiotics were the "standard" for treating cough, fever and diarrhea, and they could be bought at pharmacies at any time without a doctor’s prescription. So, regardless of the cause of discomfort, let’s take an antibiotic first. At that time, in some remote areas, some people even took penicillin as a health care drug and gave it once a year to keep fit.

In many cases, there are no pathogens that can be killed by antibiotics. Antibiotics can only kill or inhibit specific pathogens through the mechanism mentioned above, but besides bacterial or fungal infections, people may get sick by virus infection, allergic reaction, inflammatory diseases, physical or chemical damage, etc. Antibiotics have no therapeutic effect on these situations.

When used in symptomatic cases, antibiotics can not cure diseases, but only increase the risk of drug resistance, without any benefit!

Antibiotics ≠ anti-inflammatory drugs

Many people are used to calling antibiotics "anti-inflammatory drugs". In fact, this statement is wrong, and the confusion of concepts can easily lead to some oolong incidents (click for details).

Strictly speaking, "anti-inflammatory drugs" should be called "anti-inflammatory drugs". Inflammation refers to a defensive response of the human body to stimuli, which is generally manifested as "redness, swelling and heat pain", which can be infectious inflammation caused by pathogens or non-infectious inflammation not caused by pathogens. Anti-inflammatory drugs refer to drugs that can resist these reactions, including steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as glucocorticoid) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen).

In a word, the role of antibiotics is to kill or inhibit specific pathogens, and the role of "anti-inflammatory drugs" is to reduce the inflammatory reaction of the body. The roles of the two are different and the applicable diseases are different.

Having said so much about the dangers of antibiotics, should we regard antibiotics as a scourge and ban their use? Of course not! Since penicillin was discovered in 1928, the contribution of antibiotics to human health is beyond doubt.

According to a report in 2016, there are about 214,000 children under the age of 5 who die from drug-resistant infections every year in the world, but the number of people who die because they can’t get antibiotics is twice this number. Obviously, it is impossible to use antibiotics completely at present.

So, some "smart people" found a middle point by themselves: since it is not good to eat more, I will eat less. The doctor asked me to eat for three days if I ate for five days, and the doctor asked me to eat one if I ate two pills …

Please don’t! This is not treating a disease, but making a culture medium for drug-resistant bacteria. Because the pathogens always follow such a golden rule: those who can’t kill me will eventually make me stronger.

When the dosage and use time of antibiotics are not up to standard, all pathogens cannot be killed, and those who survive can easily evolve the best resistance to this antibiotic and pass on the resistance genes-not only to their offspring through reproduction, but also to other bacteria and others.

Therefore, when using antibiotics, we need to find a balance: use it when necessary, and use it correctly and standardly. For ordinary people, the most important thing is to use antibiotics in a symptomatic, adequate and full course of treatment. As for how to do these three things, it is good to use the medicine strictly according to the doctor’s advice.

In addition, for your own health, you should also supervise people around you to take medicine well.

references

[1] Muhammad H.Zaman. History of drug-resistant bacteria [M]. CITIC Publishing Group, 2021.

[2] Matuszewska M, Murray GGR, Ba X, et al. Stable antibiotic resistance and rapid human adaptation in livestock-associated MRSA. Elife. 2022 Jun 28.

[3] Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2022 Oct 1.

[4] Bhullar K, Waglechner N, Pawlowski A, et al. Antibiotic resistance is prevalent in an isolated cave microbiome. PLoS One. 2012.

[5] Clemente JC, Pehrsson EC, Blaser MJ, et al. The microbiome of uncontacted Amerindians. Sci Adv. 2015 Apr 3.

[6] Norman A, Hansen LH, S?rensen SJ. Et al. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. Conjugative plasmids: vessels of the communal gene pool. 2009 Aug 12.

Author: Purple clothes

Read the original text

According to the Regulations on the Management of Electric Bicycles in Zhejiang Province, non-new national standard electric bicycles are not allowed to drive on the road from January 1, 2023.

Is your electric car up to standard?

What should I pay attention to when buying an electric bicycle?

Let’s take a look at this evaluation report.

involve

Yadea, Emma, Tailing, Luyuan

Xinri, Lima, Mavericks, No.9

Eight famous brands of electric bicycles, etc.

Recently, Zhejiang Consumer Protection Committee, Jinhua Consumer Protection Committee and Yongkang Consumer Protection Committee jointly released the comparative test results of electric bicycles.

Basic information of 8 electric bicycle samples

01.

National standard safety projects are all qualified.

In the speed limit, size limit

Among the 12 items such as vehicle quality and short circuit protection,

According to the standard test results.

All 8 sample cars are qualified.

Inspection of safety projects according to GB17761—2018 standard.

02.

The cruising range of Luyuan and other two cars is cost-effective

Endurance is mainly reflected by the ratio of measured cruising range to declared cruising range and the ratio of unit price to measured cruising range.

This experiment simulates a cyclist of about 75 kg riding on a slightly undulating asphalt road, from full charge to riding until he can’t ride.

Luyuan, Yadea, Tailing

The two ratios of the three sample cars are low.

It means that the cost performance is higher.

Summary of cruising range test

▲ There are many factors that affect the cruising range. The test data is for reference only.

03.

Luyuan and No.9 cars have good braking performance.

Sensitive and efficient braking performance is an important guarantee for riding safety, and braking distance is an intuitive embodiment of electric bicycle braking performance.

This braking performance test is mainly conducted according to Clause 6.1.2 of GB17761—2018. The test site is asphalt pavement, and the tester adds a counterweight to 75kg, and the tire pressure is 250kPa.

The test results show that:

The braking distance of two sample cars of Luyuan and No.9 is 3.3 meters, which tied for the first place;

Followed by the bell, 3.4 meters;

Emma, Mavericks and Nippon Sample Cars rank at the bottom, with 4.2m, 4.4m and 4.5m respectively.

Summary table of braking distance of each brand sample model

04.

The performance of two cars, Lima and Xinri, was at the bottom.

Riding comfort is mainly considered from several aspects, such as the comfort of speed bump, acceleration smoothness, steering control accuracy (especially low speed control) and the continuity of power output at the highest speed.

The six models purchased this time, such as Luyuan, Emma, Yadea, Lima, Tailing and Xinri, are simple models, with relatively cheap prices and simple functions, only with the function of starting the P-file.

Two vehicles, such as No.9 and Mavericks, are non-simple models with relatively high prices and rich functional configurations.

In the experiment, 8 testers each experienced 8 sample cars continuously to get a sense of riding experience. The test roads are flat asphalt pavement, pavement with many obstacles such as yellow mud and stones, and auxiliary roads with potholes. Testers ride according to the established route and score according to the dynamic performance of the vehicle.

Summary table of riding comfort test for simple models

▲ Lima, Xinri sample car

Summary table of riding comfort test for non-simple models

▲ No.9, calf sample car

05.

The "three guarantees" policies of different brands are different.

The manufacturer’s "three guarantees" policy for the motor, battery, controller, frame and other major parts of electric bicycles is one of the important indicators to measure after-sales service. The "Three Guarantees" policy for major components is mainly based on the official homepages or after-sales telephone numbers of various brands. Among them:

The "three guarantees" policy of Lima brand sample car is provided by the official service after-sales personnel of the manufacturer;

The other seven companies all inquired from official website. For details, please refer to the official websites of all brands.

Summary table of "Three Guarantees" of main components of each brand sample model ▼

There is no mandatory requirement for turn signals and rearview mirrors in national standards, and none of the electric bicycles purchased this time are equipped with turn signals and rearview mirrors. However, it can be found that turn signals and rearview mirrors are necessary in daily riding. Jinhua Consumer Protection Committee suggested that this aspect can be improved. (Chart data source: Jinhua Consumer Protection Committee)

Consumer reminder

Pay attention to check the saddle length.

01

Rational selection of vehicle types

Select the vehicle type according to the budget and usage scenarios, and ensure that the selection matches your own needs.

02

Check CCC certification mark

It is suggested to choose an electric bicycle brand with high popularity and good reputation; Inquire about the "three guarantees" period of products and the number of local after-sales service outlets to facilitate later maintenance; Check the CCC certification mark of the vehicle, and check the consistency between the certificate and the overall appearance of the vehicle, especially the saddle length. If there is a big discrepancy, it may be that the dealer is suspected of unauthorized modification, which may seriously affect the riding safety of electric vehicles.

03

Experience cycling on the spot

Feel whether the vehicle starts, accelerates and runs smoothly, whether the vehicle is comfortable to handle, and check the brake tightness, handlebar flexibility and wheel mobility to ensure that the selected vehicle is suitable for its own handling; Do not modify or ask the seller to modify the electric bicycle without authorization, so as not to bury hidden dangers for future driving safety.

04

Retained consumption voucher

Keep the proof of purchase, such as invoices, shopping receipts, detailed list of goods, etc. If quality problems of goods are found during use, complain about rights protection in time.

This is a piece of news that makes people drool!

In Chengdu on November 15th.

"Inheriting ingenuity and sharing taste"

The Opening Ceremony of the First Chengdu International Sichuan Cuisine Chef Festival was held.

Hundreds of catering colleagues from all over the country,

Many national treasure Sichuan cuisine masters,

The head of the famous Sichuan restaurant and the chef gathered together.

The scene is super spectacular and delicious!

If there is a "Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show" in the food festival, it is probably like this.

↓↓

A full 20 tables of "Tianfu feast"

All of them are from famous chefs in Chengdu famous shops and star-rated hotels.

And the hands of famous chefs from famous shops in Chengdu, Chongqing and Chengde.

They have come up with

The display of our own best-selling dishes and special dishes …

But what’s more, more, more eye-catching is that

It was released at the conference.

"50 classic Sichuan dishes in Chengdu"

It includes

35 traditional classic Sichuan dishes from 1860 to 1980.

15 Sichuan Cuisine Classics from 1978 to 2018

Let’s have a look. What have you eaten?

(High-definition beautiful picture in front, please connect the saliva)

1860-1980s

35 traditional classic Sichuan dishes

stir-fried boiled pork slices in hot sauce

▼

Chicken tofu pudding

▼

Jar meat

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

sweet white

▼

According to "Flavor World"

Salted boiled white

▼

Steamed Meat

▼

duck smoked with camphorwood and tea leaves

▼

Screenshot according to "Master’s Dish"

Stewed pork with brown sauce

▼

Dry-roasted fish

▼

Spicy Doufu 

▼

Kung Pao Chicken 

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

fried shredded pork with sweet and sour sauce

▼

Sliced Beef in Hot Chili Oil

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Braised pork slices with crispy rice

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Douban fresh fish

▼

Stir-fried liver and waist

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Chinese Cabbage in Soup

▼

Qin Wang/Photography

Xuehuajinao

▼

Liu Rui/photography

Fairy duck

▼

According to the master’s dish

Home-cooked sea cucumber

▼

Braised Tofu Stuffed with Vegetables

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Sautéed Sliced Chicken in Egg White

▼

According to Chi Ajuan

Ba Bao Guo Zheng

▼

According to the master’s dish

Pork Lungsin Chili Sauce

▼

Qin Wang/Photography

spicy chicken slices

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Dongpo Pig Knuckle

▼

Sliced Boiled Pork with Garlic Sauce

▼

He Bin/Photography

Raw and roasted assorted vegetables

▼

According to the fire feast, home-cooked

Sautéed Shredded Beef with Chili Sauce

▼

crispy sweet and sour fish

▼

Braised Niutoufang

▼

Fish-flavored eight-piece chicken

▼

Hot nest chicken with ginger sauce

▼

According to the master’s dish

Zhusungan ointment decoction

▼

According to the master’s dish

1978-2018

15 classic Sichuan dishes

Sliced Fish in Hot Chili Oil

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Mao Xue Wang

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Sautéed Crab in Hot and Spicy Sauce

▼

make a good start/beginning

▼

Boiled Fish with Pickled Cabbage and Chili

▼

Dry stir-fried chicken

▼

Tuji gourmet tianxia

Fat beef in sour soup

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Spicy grilled fish

▼

Braised eel vermicelli

▼

Fish-flavored shrimp steak

▼

According to Sichuan Cooking Magazine

Cuttlefish with pickled peppers

▼

According to China Chengdu Sichuan cuisine magazine agency

Roasted turtle with potato

▼

According to Tian Sanqi

Round cage glutinous rice fragrance

▼

spicy crayfish

▼

Sauté ed duck tongue with green pepper sauce

▼

According to the picture, eat all directions

besides

The conference also released

"Survey Report on Sichuan Food Consumer Satisfaction in 2020"

Also released a copy.

"Bashi Sichuan Cuisine Comfortable Sichuan" Food Map

You can punch in according to the map.

As an important part of the 17th Chengdu International Food Festival

The First Chengdu International Sichuan Cuisine Chef’s Day

Focusing on building an international gourmet capital with a global vision,

Accelerate the construction of a livable place with high quality of life "

Promote the steady development of Chengdu catering industry

Present the taste of Shudu and the international model ~

END

Article source: Chengdu Food News

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Original title: "Since 1860, 50 classic Sichuan dishes in Chengdu have been released (detailed)"

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