This year’s two sessions, real estate regulation is still a hot topic. Various localities have also adopted housing policies to attract talents. Collective construction land to build rental housing and state-owned enterprises to use their own land to build affordable housing have all targeted the housing problem of employees, achieving "job-housing balance" and retaining high-end talents. The Beijing Youth Daily reporter interviewed two members from the economic sector and the non-partisan sector, respectively, on these issues.

　　Zhao Song, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and director of Land Price Institute of Land Survey and Planning Institute.

　　Building houses owned by state-owned enterprises helps to retain talents.

　　It is a very correct orientation to establish a long-term mechanism in the real estate field. We should comprehensively consider the land supply system, the real estate development and sales system, and the financial and tax systems. The long-term mechanism can guide the market to a healthy and stable development path. It will take time for the long-term mechanism to play a real role, which requires both the running-in and improvement of the system and the self-adjustment and repair of the market under the new mechanism.

　　■ Market regulation ■

　　Purchase restriction has not changed the relationship between supply and demand in the market.

　　Beiqing Daily: What control measures have been taken by all parts of the country to the real estate market, and what changes have taken in the real estate market?

　　Zhao Song: The changes in the real estate market in the past year, whether it is the stabilization of housing prices in first-tier cities, the decline of growth rates, or the rapid rise of some emerging hot cities, are generally the effects of "anti-overheating" and "destocking" control measures. In specific operations, administrative measures have played a more important role, such as restricting purchases, sales and loans, which have indeed had an immediate impact on curbing the heat of market transactions, while the price limit policy has directly suppressed the price signal in the first-hand housing market, but it has not yet formed a new relationship between market supply and demand, and high demand momentum still exists. The spillover of demand from first-tier and hot-spot cities, combined with the continuous easing policies in most areas, has caused some second-and third-tier cities to accelerate their rise.

　　Housing prices in first-tier cities may be adjusted at a high level.

　　Beiqing Daily: What do you think of the overall real estate market in 2018? Under the intensive real estate control measures, what kind of situation will the first, second, third and fourth tier cities present?

　　Zhao Song: At present, the situation of high-pressure regulation and control in the real estate market will not be relaxed. Therefore, in this first-tier city and second-tier hotspot city, the overall housing price may remain relatively stable on the basis of last year, forming a high-level adjustment trend, and some cities still have room to fall back.

　　Beiqing Daily: What about the third-and fourth-tier cities that saw a big increase last year?

　　Zhao Song: Some cities with good infrastructure conditions, rapid economic development and obvious population growth have strong internal support for rising housing prices. However, there are also some cities that have risen too fast in the early stage. Without the support of effective demand, such as the infrastructure can’t keep up and the population flows out, there will be greater risks. I don’t think those speculative housing prices will last long.

　　Long-term mechanism should replace emergency measures

　　Beiqing Daily: Last year, an important feature of real estate regulation and control was "policy by city". Will this policy last forever?

　　Zhao Song: In the past two years, the effect of "city-based policy" in real estate regulation and control is still quite obvious. In the past, regulation was across the board, which caused some policies to fail to achieve the expected goals. Therefore, in recent years, the policy of Yincheng has been proposed. The participation of land in real estate is mainly reflected in land supply. In cities with large demand and rapid housing price increase, the land supply should be appropriately increased. For those with serious inventory, the land supply will be reduced.

　　Beiqing Daily: The central government has proposed to establish a long-term mechanism for real estate regulation. What do you think of the construction of a long-term mechanism?

　　Zhao Song: It is a very correct orientation to establish a long-term mechanism in the real estate field. In the past, our control measures were all emergency, which could not solve the fundamental problem. To establish a long-term mechanism, we should comprehensively consider the land supply system, the real estate development and sales system, and the financial and tax systems. The long-term mechanism may not have an immediate effect on controlling housing prices, but it can guide the market to a healthy and stable development path. It will take time for the long-term mechanism to play a real role, which requires both the running-in and improvement of the system and the self-adjustment and repair of the market under the new mechanism.

　　■ Collective land ■

　　The diversion part of collective construction land is just needed.

　　Beiqing Daily: At the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Land and Resources approved 11 cities including Shenyang and Xiamen to use collective construction land to build rental housing. Together with Beijing and Shanghai, which are being piloted, 13 cities have been piloting this new policy. Can building rental housing with collective construction land alleviate the problem of high housing prices?

　　Zhao Song: I think this is a good direction. Allowing collective land to build rental housing into the market is a measure to realize multi-agent supply and multi-channel guarantee. However, we can’t expect it to solve the problem of short supply in the real estate market at once. It can only be said that in some areas, it can divert some rigid demand and relieve market pressure.

　　Beiqing Daily: In what way should farmers’ interests be protected when collective land is used to build rental housing?

　　Zhao Song: First of all, collective economic organizations are voluntary, and farmers can’t be forced to take out land for renting houses in order to complete the pilot task; The second is to do a good job of research in the early stage, choose areas with needs, such as industrial parks and development zones, and rent out houses so that farmers can make profits collectively; Some places also adopt the practice that the government rents it wholesale according to the market rent level and then rents it to specific tenants, which also reduces the operational risk of collective economic organizations.

　　The new measures will help state-owned enterprises retain talents.

　　Beiqing Daily: Last year, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued a document encouraging state-owned enterprises to use their own land to build affordable housing, and other hot cities also had some related pilot projects. What changes will this bring to the housing market?

　　Zhao Song: This is also the idea of multi-agent supply and multi-channel guarantee. This is of great help to solve the housing problem of employees of state-owned enterprises, especially the housing problem of young employees, and helps state-owned enterprises to retain talents. Now many places, especially some second-tier cities, are fighting for talents. If their housing problems can be solved, the battle will be won by half.

　　■ Land supply ■

　　The reasons for the "auction" of land transfer are complicated.

　　Beiqing Daily: In the past two years, the phenomenon of land "bidding, auction and hanging" often appears at high prices. Some people say that behind high housing prices is actually high land prices. What do you think of this phenomenon?

　　Zhao Song: Who pushed and pulled the house price and land price? This is a long-standing debate. Theoretically, the demand for land is derived demand, and the price expectation of products formed on the land determines the land price that people are willing to pay. In reality, they are interactive. As for who played the main role? This needs to be analyzed in combination with the specific market environment. In a seller’s market, no matter how high the developer gets the land, that is to say, how high the cost he invests, he will definitely pass this cost on and seek profits. However, if it is a buyer’s market, for example, when the inventory in some places was serious a few years ago, the house could not be sold, and the land would be auctioned off.

　　Beiqing Daily: Under the background of strict regulation and control, some first-tier cities have experienced the phenomenon of land auction. What do you think? Does it mean that the real estate market has shown signs of reversal?

　　Zhao Song: The reasons for the auction are more complicated. I think it is necessary to analyze the specific plots. The auction of some plots may be due to insufficient demand in the market, the expectations of real estate developers for the future have fallen, and the willingness to buy land has declined, leading to the auction; Sometimes it may be that the conditions given by this land are too harsh, which should be analyzed in detail.

　　Member Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and Director of Land Use Management Department of Ministry of Land and Resources Liao Yonglin.

　　Enterprise dormitory can reduce the living cost of workers.

　　Many cities attract talents by providing preferential housing conditions. Rent is a very important part of production factors. If workers are provided with housing or rental subsidies, their living costs will be reduced. Rental housing built on collective construction land in Beijing solves the housing problem for makers, and gives a lot of rent subsidies, which actually reduces the price of factors and is more competitive for enterprises in attracting talents.

　　■ Market regulation ■

　　Real estate regulation needs a multi-pronged approach

　　Beiqing Daily: What do you think of the problem of excessive housing price increase in the past year or two?

　　Liao Yonglin: House price is just a representation. Price is the expectation of both the supply and demand sides for the future, and it is a result. We should adjust the relationship between supply and demand to change people’s expectations. For example, rent and purchase are now advocated, and local governments have introduced measures to protect the interests of renters, so that ordinary people can enjoy the same treatment when renting houses. Public rental housing and low-rent housing that we are actively promoting now, including rental housing built on relatively new collective construction land, are all working in this direction.

　　Beiqing Daily: Real estate regulation is still a hot topic this year. Can the house price be controlled this year? Do you have any suggestions for this piece?

　　Liao Yonglin: The central government has made it very clear that "houses are for living, not for speculation". Real estate regulation needs a multi-pronged approach, and it is impossible to "win with one stroke". It should include comprehensive measures such as land supply, finance, taxation, etc. We must design the system based on the residential characteristics of the house, improve control, and classify regulation. It is different in large, medium and small cities, and it is different in first, second and third tier cities. At the same time, strengthen the two-way adjustment of supply and demand, and explore the multi-land supply mechanism of real estate.

　　The key to controlling house prices lies in controlling expectations.

　　Beiqing Daily: What are the effective ways for local governments to solve the expected problem of high housing prices?

　　Liao Yonglin: Shanghai’s leased housing plots and Beijing’s shared property houses are all effective explorations in this regard.

　　There is also the rectification of developers and real estate agents. In some places, developers engage in "hunger marketing". Obviously, there are many houses, but they have to create an illusion of shortage. Now local governments have stepped up their efforts in this regard, which has had a great impact on market expectations.

　　Beiqing Daily: What do you think of the emergency real estate control measures in various places, including administrative measures such as restricting purchases, loans and sales?

　　Liao Yonglin: This is a practice of stopping bleeding first. Ultimately, it is necessary to establish a long-term mechanism in the real estate market to solve the problem. The long-term mechanism should include land supply, taxation, finance and other factors. Of course, government supervision cannot be absent.

　　■ Collective land ■

　　Workers’ dormitory reduced the factor price.

　　Beiqing Daily: The Ministry of Land and Resources has approved 13 cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Xiamen to use collective construction land to build rental housing. What is the original intention of these urban pilot projects with prominent contradiction between housing supply and demand? Can this contradiction between supply and demand be alleviated?

　　Liao Yonglin: In fact, real estate can be divided into two parts, one is for residence, and it is a consumer product, which is closely linked to income. There is also industrial land and commercial real estate, which belong to production factors. Rental housing should be somewhere in between. Solving the housing problem of the labor force is also a problem of high factors. To put it bluntly, people work and live in the city. Without a house, he wants to rent a house, and the rent is high, so the salary must be high, otherwise people will leave.

　　Beiqing Daily: Beijing piloted the construction of rental housing on collective construction land earlier to solve the problem of collective dormitory for enterprise employees in industrial parks, and at the same time, it was aimed at security guards, domestic workers, couriers and other service groups. In order to solve the housing pressure problem of high-tech talents, Zhongguancun used collective construction land to build rental housing to carry out a pilot project of public rental housing for makers. Maker Tenant enjoys 50% rent subsidy from Haidian District, Beijing. What do you think?

　　Liao Yonglin: Many cities attract talents by providing preferential housing conditions. Rent is a very important part of production factors. If workers are provided with housing or rental subsidies, their living costs will be reduced. Rental housing built on collective construction land in Beijing solves the housing problem for makers, and gives a lot of rent subsidies, which actually reduces the price of factors and is more competitive for enterprises in attracting talents.

　　If the job advertisement says that housing is provided, then its salary can be lower. If not, I’m sorry, then the salary will be higher.

　　The government vigorously promotes the construction of rental housing.

　　Beiqing Daily: What do you think of the current problem of high housing prices? There is a voice that high land prices are behind high housing prices, because most of the housing prices are land prices, and the construction and installation costs account for a small proportion. What do you think of the frequent occurrence of "high-priced land" in the land market and the problem that "flour is more expensive than bread"?

　　Liao Yonglin: Whether the high housing price is cost-driven or price-driven, this is a chicken or egg problem, and there will never be any result. Market economy is to buy production factors after the price of supply and demand is accurate. If the cost determines the price, it is not a market economy. Now it is always said that "flour is more expensive than bread", in fact, developers will not do business at a loss. The problem now is to solve the problem of housing price expectation and realize the price balance between supply and demand. Now the government is vigorously promoting the construction of rental housing, especially advocating the right to rent and purchase, and establishing a long-term mechanism for real estate, which is to solve this expected problem.

　　■ Land supply ■

　　The design of "multi-subject land supply" system should keep up

　　Beiqing Daily: Since last year, the central government has repeatedly proposed to speed up the establishment of a "multi-agent supply, multi-channel security, and rent-and-purchase housing system". Does multi-subject land supply mean a breakthrough in the existing "bidding, auction and hanging" system of commercial housing land supply?

　　Liao Yonglin: Actually, China’s real estate industry was originally a multi-subject land supply, and later it moved towards a single subject land supply. However, there are many problems in supervision in this way. In terms of economic value, the highest urban construction land is real estate, followed by industrial land, and the worst is infrastructure land. If the rush to engage in real estate will be chaotic, what about the infrastructure? Multi-subject land supply later became a single subject land supply, but in this mode, the government monopolized the land, and some local governments often did not take the initiative to supply land in order to raise land prices.

　　Now we advocate multi-agent land supply, but we don’t simply go back to the past, but we should keep up with it in system design and supervision, so as to solve the possible problems of multi-agent land supply and the problems of single agent land supply.

　　Photo of this edition/reporter Zhu Kaiyun

　　After publicity in advance, the construction site on the eve of the college entrance examination was quietly photographed/our reporter Huang Liang

　　On the first day of the college entrance examination on July 7th, before 7: 00 in the morning, Leon Xiao, vice captain of the comprehensive administrative law enforcement team in Liyuan Town, Tongzhou District, came to the west campus of Yunhe Middle School in Tongzhou District, which is one of the test sites of the college entrance examination in Tongzhou District. Leon Xiao and the law enforcement team made repeated and careful inspections during the examination to ensure the order around the test site. On the eve of the college entrance examination, in order to let the candidates have a good sleep, he and his team members kept patrolling at night until after one o’clock in the morning before taking a break in shifts.

　　The Beijing Youth Daily reporter learned that there are 12 field members in the comprehensive administrative law enforcement team of Liyuan Town, Tongzhou District, including the captain and vice captain. During the college entrance examination, they were divided into three groups to be on duty continuously. Leon Xiao said: "Every year, the college entrance examination is the time when we are most deprived of sleep. All-weather protection is really hard, but the students are also very hard. It is worthwhile for us to create good examination conditions for them."

　　At 21: 00 on July 6

　　The construction site that had been reported before was quiet.

　　"There are now seven construction sites in our jurisdiction, which have been publicized and informed many times before, and a letter to the capital construction business unit was posted in a prominent position on the construction site." Leon Xiao has participated in the safeguard action of the college entrance examination for many times. For the night during the college entrance examination, it is perfect not to report, especially to report disturbing the people at night. However, it is not by luck, but by the repeated reminders and publicity of the law enforcement team members, so as to nip in the bud and make the best preparations.

　　There are more than 2,300 candidates in Tongzhou district. Since July 1 this year, Tongzhou Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau has started the service guarantee for the "Meditation 2020" entrance examination, and intensified the inspection and monitoring of the environmental order around the test center. Among them, it is necessary to minimize and promptly stop illegal activities such as night construction that affect the study and life of candidates.

　　"Behind every candidate is a family full of expectations. This year’s candidates are particularly difficult, so we must protect them." At 21: 00 on July 6th, two quiet bulldozers stopped at a park construction site. The site was dark and very quiet. However, rows of residential buildings with lights on could be seen less than a few hundred meters away from the site. Leon Xiao pointed to a building and told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that there were two college entrance examination students living in this building. Previously, this site made a loud noise when unloading materials, which was reported by the residents upstairs. Leon Xiao and his colleagues learned that there were still fresh college entrance examination students living upstairs, and in a few days, they went to the construction site several times to find the person in charge and repeatedly informed the publicity.

　　Generally speaking, if night construction is needed, a night construction permit is required, and the period is from 22: 00 every day to 6: 00 the next day. During the college entrance examination, except for special projects such as emergency repair, all projects can not be constructed at night. Because of the publicity and notification, at 21: 00 on July 6, several construction sites inspected by Leon Xiao and law enforcement team members were silent. Leon Xiao said: "The previous notification work has had an effect, which is quite good."

　　At 22: 30 on July 6,

　　Lu Yu temporary construction timely supervision and stop.

　　"If there is a report, we will go straight to the reporting point. When there is no report, we will patrol the street." Ye Jing, a member of the Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team of Liyuan Town, Tongzhou District, is responsible for the report wiring on the evening of July 6. "If there is a relevant report within the jurisdiction, the law enforcement team will be informed as soon as possible, and the report of disturbing the people at night during the college entrance examination will also be given priority."

　　However, what makes Ye Jing feel gratified is that from the evening of July 6 to the morning of July 7, there was no report about night-time disturbing the people in Liyuan jurisdiction. "It shows that the students have had a good sleep and will definitely get good grades."

　　Although no report was received, Leon Xiao and the law enforcement team members were divided into two groups to patrol the road respectively. At 22: 30 on July 6th, Leon Xiao’s motorcade found a construction worker drawing a line on the sidewalk at an intersection, and the machines at the scene made some noise. Leon Xiao, knowing the situation, asked the construction workers to lower their voices and finish the work as soon as possible, because the location was far away from residential areas and it was a project that needed urgent construction. Ten minutes later, after the on-site construction was over and the construction personnel were evacuated, Leon Xiao and the law enforcement team members continued to conduct inspections.

　　"The inspection of the construction site does not end once every night. Each construction site will inspect at least three or four times in different time periods." Leon Xiao introduced, "If you see that the headlights of a construction site are not turned off, you will be asked to turn them off immediately. If you are close to a residential area, although there is no noise, the lights are very dazzling, which affects the rest."

　　At the underground pipe gallery project site of Wansheng East Station on Metro Line 7, the reporter of Beiqing Daily saw that only one worker left here to take care of the site. He said that the urban management department had already notified that the construction could not be carried out, and it was simply cleaned on July 6, and the construction site did not start all day. On the eve of the college entrance examination, Leon Xiao and his team members were busy until 1 am on July 7 before returning to the team and sleeping with their clothes on. He said: "I didn’t dare to take off my clothes. If I reported it, I put on my shoes and set off for the scene."

　　7: 00 a.m. on July 7

　　Arrive at work early to maintain the order around the examination room

　　According to the requirements, the urban management law enforcement officers of various security posts outside the college entrance examination should be on duty before 7: 30 am and before 14: 00 pm. Although they were busy until early morning on the eve of the college entrance examination, Leon Xiao took the team members to the post outside the west campus of Canal Middle School in Tongzhou District early before 7: 00. "Come early and be practical. We also arrived early in previous years." Leon Xiao told reporters, "Because I didn’t report it last night, I was in a good mood and slept well, although I only slept for 4 hours."

　　"In previous years, there were many people who sent various materials and made small advertisements in the college entrance examination. This year, there is no such thing." Because of the epidemic situation and other reasons, the environmental order outside the examination room this year is obviously better than in previous years, but the urban management law enforcement team members are still very busy, helping parents and candidates to guide the way, checking the epidemic prevention and control in the "third-class places" around the examination center, and bringing medicine boxes and wind oil essence for emergencies.

　　During the exam

　　Patrol repeatedly to ensure that there is no noise in the surrounding construction site.

　　Two cars and six law enforcement officers, this is the staffing of the comprehensive administrative law enforcement team in Liyuan Town, Tongzhou District, outside the test center. After assigning the posts, Leon Xiao went to a stopped construction site about 500 meters away from the test center to reconfirm. According to the requirements, the urban management law enforcement officers should ensure that the surrounding environment of the test center is in good order and the construction site within 500 meters of the test center does not produce noise. Although it has been repeatedly told and publicized for many days, on the day of the exam, the law enforcement team members visited the construction site every once in a while to prevent accidents. In Leon Xiao’s hand, there is also a site ledger around the test center, with the contact information of the site construction unit, construction unit and relevant responsible persons readily available.

　　On the afternoon of July 7th, the math exam was held, and the comprehensive administrative law enforcement team in Liyuan Town, Tongzhou District also completed the shift change. Captain Mingdelin still led the team members to their posts early, and they will also be busy for the candidates until midnight.

　　Tongzhou City Management:

　　Real name keeping watch and maintaining the environmental order around the examination room

　　On the morning of July 7th, Tongzhou District Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau, together with the Market Supervision Bureau and the local government and other departments, conducted supervision and inspection on the implementation of epidemic prevention and control by merchants involved in "three types of places" and "seven small places" during the college entrance examination.

　　The inspection team focused on the implementation of epidemic prevention work of merchants around Luhe Middle School in Tongzhou District during the college entrance examination. Among them, it was found that some stores did not wear masks and gloves, and did not take off the door curtain. According to the relevant work responsibilities, the local comprehensive law enforcement team and the market supervision office supervised and rectified the above problems on the spot.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily learned that during the college entrance examination, Tongzhou urban management law enforcement department will concentrate on law enforcement forces and go all out to ensure the external environment for candidates to review and take exams. In conjunction with relevant departments, we will focus on strengthening the inspection and enforcement of epidemic prevention and control in "three types of places" around the test center, increase the frequency of inspections, and intensify the rectification of outstanding environmental order problems that affect the study and life of candidates, so as to further ensure the environmental order around the test center.

　　At the same time, the urban management law enforcement personnel of each security post will deploy team member real-name registration system to keep an eye on the test sites and the construction sites around the test sites, so as to ensure that the environmental order around the test sites is good and there is no noise-producing construction work at the construction sites within 500 meters of the test sites. Urban management law enforcement departments will minimize and promptly stop illegal activities such as night construction disturbing the people that affect the study and life of candidates. During the examination period, in case of extreme weather such as high temperature, flood control, heavy air pollution and strong wind, especially in case of heavy rainfall, the urban management law enforcement department will respond quickly, start relevant response plans in time, and actively cooperate with relevant departments to strengthen order guidance and serve candidates.

　　Text/Reporter Li Tao

　　Cctv newsAccording to the news of "Shijiazhuang Released" WeChat WeChat official account on February 4th, according to the joint consultation between the Provincial Ecological Environment Emergency and Heavy Pollution Weather Warning Center, China National Environmental Monitoring Center and the Provincial Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Environmental Meteorological Center, it is estimated that the diffusion conditions in Shijiazhuang will deteriorate from February 3rd, and pollutants will continue to accumulate, reaching the level of moderate to heavy pollution from February 5th. According to the suggestion of the Letter of the Provincial Atmospheric Office on Doing a Good Job in the Response to the Recent Pollution Process (Jiqi Lingban Letter [2023] No.6), in order to reduce the impact of heavily polluted weather on public health, the municipal meteorological and ecological environment departments have judged and reported it to emergency headquarters for approval, and now an orange warning of heavily polluted weather is issued to the whole city. The Class II emergency response of heavily polluted weather will be started at 18: 00 on February 4, 2023, and the release time will be notified separately.

　　I. Control measures for industrial enterprises

　　The city’s gas-related industrial enterprises are strictly in place in accordance with the requirements of Grade II differentiated emission reduction measures for orange warning in the List of Industrial Sources for Emergency Emission Reduction of Heavy Pollution Weather in Shijiazhuang City in 2022-2023 (Revised Edition). For enterprises included in the white list of ecological environment supervision, in the case of normal operation of pollution prevention facilities and stable discharge of pollutants up to the standard, in principle, they will not limit production or stop production, encourage enterprises to reduce emissions independently, and strictly guard against "one size fits all".

　　Second, non-point source control measures

　　In addition to emergency rescue projects, white list, people’s livelihood security and other provincial and municipal key projects will stop painting, slope protection and shotcreting, building demolition, earthwork and other construction operations at night under the premise of strictly implementing "six hundred percent" and "two full coverage"; Other construction sites stop the above processes all day, and other processes can be constructed normally. Strengthen global cleaning and cleaning, increase the frequency of road wet sweeping according to meteorological conditions, and reduce road dust. Within the administrative area of the city, it is forbidden to set off fireworks and firecrackers all the time, and it is completely forbidden to burn straw, biomass and garbage in the open air.

　　Third, mobile source control measures

　　Special vehicles such as emergency rescue, epidemic prevention and control, life support and medical waste disposal will open up green channels to ensure normal traffic. Guide transit vehicles to avoid driving in the main city. In principle, heavy and medium-sized trucks, three-wheeled vehicles, low-speed trucks and tractors are prohibited from passing through the central city and counties (cities, districts) except for urban operation support vehicles and special vehicles performing tasks. Focus on large car users and reduce transport vehicles. Industrial enterprises and logistics parks prohibit the use of heavy-duty trucks (including gas) of Grade IV and below for transportation (except special vehicles and vehicles for hazardous chemicals), stop using non-road mobile machinery with emission standards of Grade II and below, and encourage the use of new energy working machinery.

　　Fourth, public protection measures

　　It is suggested that children, the elderly and patients with respiratory tract, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and other chronic diseases should stay indoors as far as possible, avoid outdoor activities, and minimize the ventilation time of opening windows; Medical and health institutions should strengthen medical guidance and medical support for patients with respiratory diseases; The general population reduces or avoids outdoor activities; Outdoor work, duty, homework, activities and other personnel can take necessary protective measures such as wearing masks and shortening outdoor working hours.

　　V. Initiative emission reduction measures

　　Advocate public green travel, and try to travel by public transport or electric cars; Stop the engine in time to reduce the idle running time of the vehicle; Consciously stop driving fuel-fired motor vehicles at or below the national level. Advocate green consumption, and units and the public should minimize the use of raw materials and products such as paints, paints and solvents containing volatile organic compounds.

Qingwenyi Xinhua Net Map

On November 9th, Qing Wenyi, a 17-year-old swimming star, died suddenly in the dormitory of the Beijing national team. She had just won the women’s 100-meter and 200-meter breaststroke gold medals at the first Youth Games.

According to Xinhua News Agency, Qing Wenyi suddenly went into shock in the dormitory in the early morning of November 9, and the team immediately called the 120 ambulance. However, the rescue failed to save the young girl’s life.

As of press time, the China Swimming Team has not announced the detailed reasons for Qing Wenyi’s sudden death, and it does not rule out that it was caused by a sudden heart attack.

In the early morning, my teammates were awakened by a loud cry.

According to Xinhua News Agency, it happened at three or four o’clock in the morning on November 9. My roommate was awakened by a loud cry from Qing Wenyi. She turned on the light and called her, only to find that she didn’t respond. The roommate invited the team doctor to make a preliminary diagnosis. The team doctor thought the situation was bad and called 120 ambulances.

The ambulance doctor carried out emergency rescue on her while sending her to Tiantan Hospital for further rescue. After informing Qing Wenyi’s parents, the national team, the Beijing team and the relevant leaders and responsible persons of the Beijing Municipal Sports Bureau, they rushed to Tiantan Hospital separately. After nearly an hour of rescue, Qing Wenyi was still unable to pull back from the death line. Tiantan Hospital announced the death of Qing Wenyi.

While Qing Wenyi was sent to the hospital, the national swimming team also informed her parents. As the only daughter in the family, Qing Wenyi’s death also caused great pain to her parents. They said that they would not do an autopsy and hoped to let their daughter rest in peace as soon as possible.

She was once regarded as the future "female frog king"

The name Qing Wenyi is not familiar to people, and she only came to the fore at the Youth Games last month.

At the Youth Games held at the end of October, Qing Wenyi won the 100m breaststroke champion on behalf of Beijing Shunyi Team, and two days later, she won the second gold in 200m breaststroke.

After Luo Xuejuan and Qi Hui retired, China women’s breaststroke entered a "off-schedule period", and 17-year-old Qing Wenyi’s performance at the Youth Games made people see the potential. Her winning results in the women’s 100m and 200m breaststroke in the Youth Games were 1 minute 08.99 seconds and 2 minutes 30.39 seconds respectively, and these two results could reach the semi-finals in Kazan World Championships.

After winning two gold medals in the Youth Games, she told the reporter of Beijing Evening News that her achievements "should have room for improvement". After Beijing Shunyi team won the silver medal in the 4× 100m medley relay, she also wrote in her own Weibo that "go back and continue to work hard".

However, it is a pity that the swimming star can no longer be seen in the swimming pool.

The physical examination was normal, and the national team had a case of sudden death.

Up to now, the specific cause of death of Qing Wenyi has not been announced, and it is not ruled out that it was caused by a heart attack.

It is worth mentioning that just two weeks ago, on October 28th, Qing Wenyi also took part in a physical examination with all her teammates, and all the results were normal.

However, Sun Chunli, the leader of the Beijing swimming team, told Beijing Youth Daily that Qing Wenyi had a comment on sinus bradycardia on his physical examination form, but it was normal for most people who often engaged in sports. Sun Chunli also revealed that such sudden death occurred once in the national swimming team in 1972, and was diagnosed as acute pancreatitis after dissection. The situation of Qing Wenyi is somewhat similar, but it cannot be asserted that it is related to heart or pancreatitis.

According to Xinhua News Agency, Qing Wenyi was a substitute member of the national team. She just concentrated on training on November 2, and the current training is only a recovery training. The intensity is not great. On the 8 th of the day before her death, she only swam less than 1,000 meters. It seems that it is difficult to think that "too tired" is the direct cause of her sudden death. Ma Wei, an expert in cardiovascular medicine at the First Hospital of Peking University, explained in an interview with Tencent Sports: "Under normal circumstances, sudden death is caused by heart overload. Young cases like Qing Wenyi are mostly caused by hereditary or congenital heart abnormalities, and myocarditis is very likely."

Some people also suspect on the internet that Qing Wenyi’s sudden death is related to stimulants. However, people related to the swimming team denied this speculation, saying that everything was normal in the doping test of the Youth Games, and no doping was found. It can be confirmed that the death of Qing Wenyi was not caused by doping.

Swimmers are also at risk of heart disease.

It is worth mentioning that this is not the first time that a swimmer has died suddenly. In April 2012, Norwegian swimmer alexander dale oen died suddenly in the locker room of the swimming pool during the Olympic training camp. The final death report showed that he died of a serious heart disease caused by a coronary blood clot.

In 2007, Zhou Yanchun, a 17-year-old national first-class swimmer in Shanghai, drowned in the swimming pool. The cause of death was also that he had myocarditis before and suffered from ventricular arrhythmia due to lack of oxygen during high-intensity training.

In fact, two Olympic champions, Luo Xuejuan and Sun Yang, also suffer from heart diseases. Luo Xuejuan had to retire early, regretfully, from the initial heart ischemia and hypoxia to multiple ectopic beats. Sun Yang also suffered from myocarditis caused by a cold in 2008, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the myocardium, and Kazan World Championships also suffered from heart discomfort in the 1500m freestyle final. He once told The Paper that in severe cases, the heart beat 10,000 times a day.

An expert who used to be a researcher of the national swimming team told The Paper that there is no direct evidence that swimming is easy to cause heart disease. "Compared with other sports, the proportion of heart disease among swimmers is not high, and foreign reports show that the probability is a few ten thousandths."

However, he also admitted that because swimmers have been challenging the physical limits, the heart load is not small. "And holding your breath in the water will also cause the problem of heart ischemia and hypoxia. Once there is a problem with the heart, there is indeed a risk."

A former national swimmer who did not want to be named also told The Paper that short-distance swimming training will have some impact on the heart. "Generally, in short-distance swimming training, most of them use the method of holding their breath to reduce resistance and improve speed in an anaerobic state. In fact, under the condition of high-intensity training competition, this does have an impact on the heart."

During the Clinton period, "medical insurance" must be legislated and owned by everyone. Employers are explicitly required to buy medical insurance for their employees. Obama relaxed the "strictness" of this idea. Employers and enterprises with real difficulties can make exceptions and do not have to buy medical insurance for their employees.

About 10 million low-income people, including the elderly and children, apply for medical benefits every year. If this kind of welfare is open to all Americans, many private insurance companies and hospitals, including doctors and private clinical institutions, will go bankrupt.

Where can the American government get the money to let the people enjoy medical insurance? Still can only play the idea of taxation. Obama has increased the sales tax on tobacco and alcohol. Now it is planned to raise taxes on "junk food", Coca-Cola and other drinks with high sugar content.

Medical care in the United States is expensive, not because of lack of resources, but because of excessive abuse. Of every $1 in medical expenses, 30 cents are spent unnecessarily. Therefore, the real American medical reform must focus on the quality and effect of medical care.

Universal health insurance is not as simple and sweet as people think. Universal health insurance first means that everyone can afford insurance. What is the most basic service? Can health care and prevention be included in this range? Is psychiatric treatment included in this insurance?

　　M8 is coming! A few days ago, the first batch of new car declaration catalogue in 2025 was released, including the hot M8. As a heavyweight product of the asking world family in 2025, the asking world M8 has a car length of nearly 5.2 meters and a size of 3105mm, which is almost the size of L9. It is expected to be listed this year.

　　The appearance of the new car adopts the latest design language, with a length of 5190mm, a width of 1999mm, a height of 1795mm and a wheelbase of 3105mm, and there are two layouts of 5 seats and 6 seats. The wheelbase is the same as that of ideal L9, and the length of the whole vehicle is only 40mm shorter than that of bound M9, which is the same as that of ideal L9 and larger than that of ideal L8.

　　On the other hand, by changing the details such as the roof line, the semi-circular running lights at the front, the narrow front and the wide back, the M8 keeps the family appearance, makes the whole car younger and more dynamic, and is biased towards motion control, making a style distinction from the M9, and also adopts fresh design languages such as narrower and flatter laser radar and semi-hidden door handles. In addition, the M8 also continues the seat layout scheme of M9, and provides two layouts of six seats and five seats.

　　The typical "performance" tire layout of "narrow front and wide back" also brings stronger driving stability to M8. According to the public information, the M8 tires of Jiejie provide optional specifications of front 255/50 R20, rear 275/50 R20 and front 265/45 R21 and rear 285/45 R21.

　　In terms of price, based on the product strength displayed by Wenjie M8, combined with Wenjie M9, Wenjie New M7 and the price range of competing products at the same level, it is estimated that Wenjie M8 is likely to be priced in the range of 350,000-450,000, which will complete the price puzzle of Wenjie series vehicles and seamlessly connect with Wenjie M9 with the price of 500,000 for the main sales models.

　　Up to now, the model M9 has exceeded 200,000 vehicles in 12 months since it was launched, ranking first in the high-end monthly sales of more than 500,000 yuan in China. At present, the intelligent driving, intelligent cabin, three electric power and super extended range technology that M9 is proud of should also be delegated to M8.

Ask about M9 interior, M8 will continue to use this basic design.

　　The M8 keeps two kinds of power: extended range and pure electricity. The 1.5T extended-range power system, with a range extender of 118 kW, is also equipped with front and rear dual motors. The fuel consumption of the front 165kW and the rear 227kW and WLTC is as low as 0.52-0.85L per 100km, which has remarkable energy-saving effect. The pure electric vehicle is equipped with a whale 800V high-voltage battery platform, which supports super fast charging and can charge the power from 30% to 80% in 15 minutes. With advanced thermal management system and DriveONE electric drive system, the acceleration of 100 kilometers takes only 4.5 seconds.

　　In 2025, the medium and large-scale new energy SUV market will undoubtedly become more intense, including N9, 900, L, etc. It is worth looking forward to whether M8 can reproduce the market performance of M9 that "release is the peak, listing is the explosion".

Original zi yi Guo ke

Imagine such a scene: a new drug-resistant bacteria will be popular among people in the future, and you are unfortunately infected and lying in the intensive care unit. All the antibiotics injected into your body are completely ineffective, and your life is dying, and you will die like many infected people …

Terrible, isn’t it?

In order to keep yourself alive and avoid the above scene becoming a reality, can you get rid of the habit of taking antibiotics easily from now on to ensure your safety?

No, you don’t abuse antibiotics, your family and friends may abuse them, strangers you meet on the road may abuse them, and even pigs may abuse them.

However, does the use of antibiotics have anything to do with my infection? Of course, drug-resistant bacteria from other people and animals can also infect you.

Abuse of antibiotics by others or animals may also infect you giphy drug-resistant bacteria.

Gonorrhea in the U.S navy is difficult to treat.

Because the sex workers used the wrong antibiotics?

In the 1960s, millions of sailors gathered all the year round at the US Naval Base in subic bay. A large number of people flow has promoted the prosperity and development of local economy, especially bars, nightclubs and brothels. Navy soldiers often hang around these places as long as they are not on duty.

After indulging, many people go to see a military doctor as soon as they return to the boat because they find urethral secretions. They were diagnosed with gonorrhea, that is, gonococcal infection, and received standard penicillin treatment. But strangely, the treatment effect of the navy is not ideal, and the number of infected people is increasing.

The preventive medicine department of the navy conducted an investigation and found that there were two reasons for the failure of the navy’s treatment: one was misdiagnosis, and half of the people suffered from nongonococcal urethritis (such as chlamydia and mycoplasma infection) instead of gonorrhea; The second is drug resistance. The other half of the soldiers who were really infected with gonococcus had strong drug resistance to penicillin, which was not common at that time.

Why is there such a large-scale drug resistance at the naval base in subic bay?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is resistant to penicillin, which leads to unsatisfactory treatment effect of gonorrhea | flickr

Gonorrhea is mainly transmitted through sexual contact. Considering the common "recreational activities" of the navy, the preventive medicine department began an investigation from sex workers. It turns out that in a clinic where sex workers gather, doctors use benzathine penicillin to treat gonorrhea of sex workers, and they also go to the pharmacy to buy this penicillin themselves.

However, killing Neisseria gonorrhoeae, especially Neisseria gonorrhoeae resistant to penicillin, requires the use of fast-acting drugs, and the drugs cannot stay in the body for too long, otherwise it will provide natural selection opportunities for drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the most suitable drug is procaine penicillin, not benzathine penicillin, which has slow onset and long retention time in the body. Excessive use of the same wrong drug has produced penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in sex workers.

At the same time, the preventive medicine department also found that when the sex workers were examined in this small clinic, the doctor never disinfected the vaginal dilator to improve efficiency, but put a big bucket of water beside him. After each patient was examined, he rinsed it in the bucket and then continued to examine the next one. This irregular operation paved a broad road for the spread of pathogenic bacteria …

In this way, the drug-resistant bacteria spread from one sex worker to another, and then infected the navy soldiers through sexual transmission, and the soldiers then spread them to other sex workers, which led to the widespread spread of drug-resistant bacteria.

After discovering the cause, the Department of Preventive Medicine improved the treatment scheme of gonorrhea, and solved the problem of cross infection by purchasing sterilizers and a large number of vaginal dilators. Finally, the number of patients with drug-resistant gonorrhea plummeted, and the situation of seafarers improved.

Drug-resistant bacteria repeatedly "jump horizontally" among sex workers and naval soldiers, leading to the widespread spread of drug-resistant bacteria | pexels

Pigs eat antibiotics

It can also "upgrade" the bacteria on people.

Drug-resistant bacteria can spread not only between people, but also between people and animals.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the common multi-drug resistant bacteria, also known as "superbugs".

It is speculated that in 2019, more than 100,000 deaths were related to MRSA. In a study published in June, 2022, Lucy A. Venat of Cambridge University proposed that MRSA (livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, LA-MRSA) in livestock was an important reason for the increasing human infection with MRSA.

Simply put, if pigs eat more antibiotics, they can also "pass" drug-resistant bacteria to people.

But this "transmission" is not that bacteria directly run from pigs to people, but that drug-resistant bacteria in pigs pass the "skill" of drug resistance to bacteria in people. This is achieved by Mobile genetic elements, MGEs). MGEs can "transport" drug-resistant genes from one bacterium to another, even if the two bacteria belong to different species.

Drug-resistant genes can be integrated into plasmids, and then enter other bacteria through plasmids.

Scientists have found that among the most common LA-MRSA in Europe, one MGEs with drug resistance gene has been stably inherited for 57 years, which dates back to the time when antibiotics were widely used in livestock.

When livestock use a large number of antibiotics to produce LA-MRSA, the related drug-resistant genes can be grafted into human Staphylococcus aureus through MGEs transfer, so that the common Staphylococcus aureus can be "upgraded" to drug-resistant MRSA. Even if humans did not use antibiotics at that time, they would be infected with bacteria that were more difficult to treat.

"One world, one health", the uncontrolled use of antibiotics on animals will eventually affect human beings.

After a large number of animals use antibiotics to produce drug-resistant bacteria, the related drug-resistant genes can "upgrade" the bacteria in people | wallpaperflare

Norwegians eat 24 tons of antibiotics every year.

Norwegian salmon eats 48 tons

Today, more and more people are aware of this potential crisis, and the control system of antibiotic use in aquaculture tends to be perfect, but this was not the case decades ago.

After the emergence of antibiotics, people who breed livestock and poultry found that feeding antibiotics can not only fight against some infectious diseases, but also promote the growth of livestock and poultry, increase the output of agricultural meat products and improve profits.

In the 1960s, many countries, such as Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States, enacted laws to reduce the use of antibiotics-especially to reduce the use of antibiotics for humans by livestock. However, driven by interests, these policies are either strongly resisted or disobeyed, and it is always difficult to implement them.

But there are also successful examples.

Norway has the highest salmon production in the world, and its quality is among the best.

Orange-yellow fish, fresh Q-bomb, is soft, tender and smooth in one bite, melts in the mouth, and the special aroma spreads in the mouth … Well, it’s a bit off topic | flickr.

In 1980s, Norwegian salmon industry developed on a large scale, which brought a problem, that is, furuncle began to spread in fish on a large scale. In order to protect salmon, Norwegian fishermen began to use antibiotics preventively and added them directly to fish feed. By the end of 1980s, the demand for antibiotics was increasing, and fishermen even used cement mixers to mix them into fish feed.

During that time, Norwegians prescribed an average of 24 tons of antibiotics every year, while salmon consumed 48 tons of antibiotics every year. Salmon used twice as many antibiotics as all Norwegians!

These fish feeds mixed with antibiotics were directly poured into the fishing ground and flowed into the nearby waters, so that high levels of antibiotics appeared in fish thousands of meters away from the fishing ground, and even in birds that feed on fish.

Local TV stations have produced relevant documentaries, calling on the government to issue an antibiotic supervision bill. However, the appeal was strongly resisted by fishing groups, and the documentary producers also received anonymous threat bombs. Documentaries have been banned, but the truth will never be buried. The public is paying more and more attention to the problem of drug resistance, and the fishery is under increasing pressure.

Fortunately, people later developed a salmon vaccine that can prevent furuncle, which can be injected from the abdomen of fish through automated procedures. This method not only reduces the use of antibiotics, but also stabilizes the salmon economy and has been vigorously promoted.

In 1994, vaccination of salmon became a routine operation in Norway, and the use of antibiotics plummeted.

In recent years, countries are trying to limit or stop using antibiotics in aquaculture. China has always advocated the rational and standardized use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry breeding. Announcement No.194 issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs stated that since New Year’s Day in 2020, the addition of antibiotics to feed in China has been completely banned.

Efforts to restrict or stop using antibiotics in aquaculture | Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China

The emergence of drug resistance predates the invention of antibiotics.

But the abuse of antibiotics makes it rampant.

Whether in the medical industry or animal husbandry, standardizing the use of antibiotics is to avoid producing drug-resistant bacteria and ensure that after human beings are infected with bacteria, antibiotics can kill bacteria and cure diseases.

However, the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria is not entirely the result of antibiotic use.

A study in 2012 found that there were many kinds of bacteria resistant to potent and advanced antibiotics in Lechuguilla cave, which was isolated from human civilization for nearly 4 million years. Among the 40 antibiotics tested by the researchers, a Bacteroides bacterium with the number LC231 is resistant to 26 of them.

Lechukier Cave | flickr

Another similar example is that in 2013, scientists analyzed a batch of microbial specimens from isolated Indians living in the depths of the Amazon jungle, who had never used antibiotics. The results showed that these microorganisms were resistant not only to natural antibiotics, but also to some synthetic antibiotics.

Therefore, it is actually natural evolution that initially caused bacteria to develop drug resistance.

For a long time, there are many kinds of bacteria in the soil. In order to compete for living space, they have to work hard to find ways to beat their competitors. Some bacteria have evolved the ability to make antibiotics and actively attack other bacteria. For example, the streptomycin we use now comes from streptomyces griseus in the soil. There are also some "Buddha" bacteria that only defend and do not attack. In order to defend their territory, they have evolved a set of mechanisms to resist the attack of foreign antibiotics, which is drug resistance.

Drug resistance is difficult to deal with because it is a defense mechanism that bacteria have evolved for thousands of years.

In the common defense system of bacteria, the outermost layer is the cell wall, which resists foreign attacks like a city wall, and the inner layer is a relatively thin inner membrane, which together protect the interior of bacteria from being destroyed.

When different kinds of antibiotics invade bacteria, they have different strategies:

Classification of attack modes against bacterial antibiotics

(1) by opening holes in the cell wall and cell membrane to launch a large-scale frontal attack, thus killing bacteria, such as polymyxin.

Frontal attack on cell walls and cell membranes | Photo courtesy of the author

(2) to prevent bacteria from building a complete cell wall, so that they lose protection and rupture and die, such as penicillin, cephalosporin, vancomycin, etc.

Prevent bacteria from building cell walls | Photo courtesy of the author

(3) Sneak into bacteria, control the "headquarters" in charge of the synthesis of important substances, interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids, enzymes, protein, and inhibit bacterial reproduction, such as tetracycline, azithromycin, levofloxacin and sulfonamides.

"Hijacking" the bacterial "headquarters" and interfering with the synthesis of important substances | Photo courtesy of the author

In the process of resistance, bacteria constantly evolve through gene mutation, and some random mutations can just resist the attack of antibiotics, so this part of bacteria survived the battle and passed this mutation on to the next generation, giving future generations the ability to resist antibiotics. There are many forms of these mutations, mainly the following:

Classification of bacterial defense modes

(1) create cell walls that antibiotics can’t recognize, so that they can’t play a role, such as vancomycin-resistant drug-resistant bacteria.

② Shrink the boundary and reduce the permeability of the cell wall, so as to prevent certain kinds of antibiotics from entering the interior, or strictly limit their quantity, and weaken their bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects.

③ Use the efflux pump on the cell membrane to actively pump antibiotics out of the body.

(4) using the cleaving enzyme in bacteria to cut off antibiotic molecules, so that it loses its curative effect. One of the most famous enzymes is called "β-lactamase", which can cut off β -lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin and vancomycin.

⑤ Adding chemical groups to antibiotic molecules makes antibiotics huge and difficult to reach the "headquarters".

⑥ Change the shape or size of the target targeted by antibiotics, so that antibiotics cannot accurately identify and attack. For example, MRSA stopped synthesizing protein, which can be found by the antibiotic methicillin, and instead made another protein with different structure but the same function.

The drug resistance mechanism of drug-resistant bacteria found in Lechukier cave is almost the same as that of the well-known drug-resistant bacteria, and even several more than that previously known by human beings. This is enough to show that the mechanism of bacterial drug resistance is very old, and it may have existed before human activities.

So, what’s the point of restricting the use of antibiotics?

Of course there is.

In natural evolution, for thousands of years, the bacteria that produce antibiotics and the bacteria that resist antibiotics have restricted each other and reached a balanced competition. However, the overuse of antibiotics in the world has led to more and faster evolution of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, and drug-resistant bacteria in soil, water, homes and hospitals have flourished and flooded without substantial competition.

Therefore, although the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria is the result of natural evolution, the proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria is indeed caused by antibiotic abuse.

The terrible thing about flooding is that the speed of human research and development of new antibiotics can’t keep up with the speed of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria. If this continues, there will be more and more infectious diseases without antibiotics, and the number of people who die from drug-resistant bacterial infections will also increase year by year.

The overuse of antibiotics in the world makes pathogenic bacteria evolve drug resistance more and faster | The University of Queensland.

Avoid drug resistance:

You can’t use more or less.

If you want to avoid the proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria and the horror scene at the beginning of the article, there are some ways.

First of all, don’t use antibiotics when they can’t cure the disease.

In the eighties and nineties, for many people, antibiotics were the "standard" for treating cough, fever and diarrhea, and they could be bought at pharmacies at any time without a doctor’s prescription. So, regardless of the cause of discomfort, let’s take an antibiotic first. At that time, in some remote areas, some people even took penicillin as a health care drug and gave it once a year to keep fit.

In many cases, there are no pathogens that can be killed by antibiotics. Antibiotics can only kill or inhibit specific pathogens through the mechanism mentioned above, but besides bacterial or fungal infections, people may get sick by virus infection, allergic reaction, inflammatory diseases, physical or chemical damage, etc. Antibiotics have no therapeutic effect on these situations.

When used in symptomatic cases, antibiotics can not cure diseases, but only increase the risk of drug resistance, without any benefit!

Antibiotics ≠ anti-inflammatory drugs

Many people are used to calling antibiotics "anti-inflammatory drugs". In fact, this statement is wrong, and the confusion of concepts can easily lead to some oolong incidents (click for details).

Strictly speaking, "anti-inflammatory drugs" should be called "anti-inflammatory drugs". Inflammation refers to a defensive response of the human body to stimuli, which is generally manifested as "redness, swelling and heat pain", which can be infectious inflammation caused by pathogens or non-infectious inflammation not caused by pathogens. Anti-inflammatory drugs refer to drugs that can resist these reactions, including steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as glucocorticoid) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen).

In a word, the role of antibiotics is to kill or inhibit specific pathogens, and the role of "anti-inflammatory drugs" is to reduce the inflammatory reaction of the body. The roles of the two are different and the applicable diseases are different.

Having said so much about the dangers of antibiotics, should we regard antibiotics as a scourge and ban their use? Of course not! Since penicillin was discovered in 1928, the contribution of antibiotics to human health is beyond doubt.

According to a report in 2016, there are about 214,000 children under the age of 5 who die from drug-resistant infections every year in the world, but the number of people who die because they can’t get antibiotics is twice this number. Obviously, it is impossible to use antibiotics completely at present.

So, some "smart people" found a middle point by themselves: since it is not good to eat more, I will eat less. The doctor asked me to eat for three days if I ate for five days, and the doctor asked me to eat one if I ate two pills …

Please don’t! This is not treating a disease, but making a culture medium for drug-resistant bacteria. Because the pathogens always follow such a golden rule: those who can’t kill me will eventually make me stronger.

When the dosage and use time of antibiotics are not up to standard, all pathogens cannot be killed, and those who survive can easily evolve the best resistance to this antibiotic and pass on the resistance genes-not only to their offspring through reproduction, but also to other bacteria and others.

Therefore, when using antibiotics, we need to find a balance: use it when necessary, and use it correctly and standardly. For ordinary people, the most important thing is to use antibiotics in a symptomatic, adequate and full course of treatment. As for how to do these three things, it is good to use the medicine strictly according to the doctor’s advice.

In addition, for your own health, you should also supervise people around you to take medicine well.

references

[1] Muhammad H.Zaman. History of drug-resistant bacteria [M]. CITIC Publishing Group, 2021.

[2] Matuszewska M, Murray GGR, Ba X, et al. Stable antibiotic resistance and rapid human adaptation in livestock-associated MRSA. Elife. 2022 Jun 28.

[3] Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2022 Oct 1.

[4] Bhullar K, Waglechner N, Pawlowski A, et al. Antibiotic resistance is prevalent in an isolated cave microbiome. PLoS One. 2012.

[5] Clemente JC, Pehrsson EC, Blaser MJ, et al. The microbiome of uncontacted Amerindians. Sci Adv. 2015 Apr 3.

[6] Norman A, Hansen LH, S?rensen SJ. Et al. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. Conjugative plasmids: vessels of the communal gene pool. 2009 Aug 12.

Author: Purple clothes

Read the original text

Hainan Provincial Committee of CPC Hainan Provincial People’s Government
Implementation Opinions on Deepening Reform and Strengthening Food Safety Work
(January 8, 2020)

In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Deepening Reform and Strengthening Food Safety Work (Zhongfa [2019] No.17) and Notice of General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on Food Safety Responsibility System for Local Party and Government Leading Cadres (Tingzi [2019] No.13), fully implement the "four strictest" requirements, establish a modern food safety management system, and improve food safety.

First, the overall goal

By 2020, the tasks related to food safety in the 13th Five-Year Plan for Food and Drug Safety in Hainan Province will be basically completed. Preliminary establishment of food safety supervision system based on risk analysis and supply chain management. The sampling quantity of agricultural products and food reached 4 batches/1,000 people, the overall qualified rate of quality and safety monitoring of major agricultural products was stable at over 97%, the qualified rate of food sampling was stable at over 98%, outstanding problems in the field of food safety were effectively curbed, major regional and systemic food safety risks were basically controlled, and the overall level of food safety was basically compatible with the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.

By 2035, we will basically modernize the governance system and governance capacity in the field of food safety. The ability to prevent and control food safety risks has reached the national advanced level, and the whole process supervision system from farmland to dining table has operated effectively, and the food safety situation has fundamentally improved, and the people have eaten healthily and safely.

Second, fully implement the "four strictest" requirements

(A) the implementation of the most stringent standards

1. Accelerate the revision of standards. Accelerate the formulation and revision of local food safety standards and supporting inspection method standards that are urgently needed to promote industrial development and supervision in our province, and promote the standardized development of local specialty food industry in our province.

2. Strengthen the implementation of standards. Organize and guide the production and operation entities of agricultural products to formulate their corresponding production operation procedures and quality control measures. Carry out follow-up evaluation of food safety standards, and give full play to the basic role of food safety standards in ensuring food safety and promoting industrial development.

(2) Implement the strictest supervision.

3. Strictly control the environmental safety of the place of origin. Strengthen soil pollution control and remediation, dynamically update the soil pollution prevention project library, and vigorously promote the implementation of soil pollution prevention projects. Strengthen the management and control of soil environmental risks of contaminated cultivated land in areas where agricultural products such as grain exceed the standard. Delineate the categories of cultivated land soil environmental quality and implement classified management of cultivated land soil environmental quality; Delineate specific agricultural products prohibited areas and promote the adjustment of cultivated land planting structure. Carry out remediation of heavy metal pollution sources such as cadmium. Strengthen air pollution control, establish a list of volatile organic compounds emission units, and promote comprehensive rectification of key industries such as furniture manufacturing, packaging and printing, medicine, pesticides, automobile manufacturing and maintenance. Severely crack down on environmental violations and promote the implementation of source substitution of products with low volatile organic compounds. Strengthen the prevention and control of water pollution in river basins, and carry out the remediation of environmental problems in urban centralized drinking water sources and the treatment of polluted water bodies.

4. Strictly control the production and use of agricultural inputs. Standardize the production, operation and use of pesticides. Fully implement the traceability management system of pesticide and veterinary products, and strengthen the "blacklist" management of pesticide and veterinary drug production enterprises. Focus on the outstanding problems in the quality and safety of agricultural products such as illegal production and operation of banned pesticides and illegal addition of hidden ingredients, illegal use of banned pesticides and veterinary antibacterial drugs, production and sale and use of "lean meat", indiscriminate slaughter, addition of prohibited substances in raw milk, and special rectification actions such as agricultural counterfeiting.

5. Strictly control the quality and safety of grain purchasing and storage. Do a good job in the qualification examination and management of grain purchasing enterprises. Explore the establishment of a whole-process quality traceability system for grain purchase, storage, transportation, policy grain processing and raw grain and policy grain sales. Promote the establishment of grain quality database and quality analysis model to realize early warning and prediction of grain quality and safety risks. Establish an epidemic monitoring and joint prevention and control mechanism for imported food, and do a good job in risk control of imported food. Strengthen the capacity building of grain drying and storage, and prevent unqualified grain from flowing into the ration market and food production enterprises.

6. Strictly control the quality and safety of food processing. Classified and graded management shall be carried out for the supervised objects, proportional "double random" spot checks shall be carried out for general risk enterprises, key inspections shall be carried out for high-risk varieties and food production and processing units in rural areas, and flight inspections shall be carried out for problem clue enterprises. The comprehensive evaluation results of public credit carried out by the National Public Credit Information Center are applied to daily supervision as an important reference for credit classification supervision. Further promote the comprehensive improvement and management of small food processing workshops. Strengthen the supervision of special foods such as health foods.

7. Strictly control the quality and safety of circulation sales. Increase the introduction of agricultural products logistics infrastructure construction enterprises. Promote the construction of fresh-keeping cold storage, and explore the use of fresh-keeping technologies such as modified atmosphere storage to store fresh-keeping fruits and vegetables. Guide agricultural products wholesale markets, large chain enterprises, and e-commerce platforms for fresh agricultural products to connect with production areas, build transit refrigeration and preservation facilities and distribution centers, promote temperature control technology throughout transportation, and accelerate the construction of the whole cold chain of transportation, distribution and retail. Accelerate the construction and improvement of cold chain logistics centers in Haikou, Sanya, Danzhou and Qionghai. Actively introduce large enterprises engaged in cold chain logistics at home and abroad, strengthen the construction of cold chain infrastructure network, and create a fast cold chain channel on the island. We will promote the standardization of food safety in centralized food trading places such as farmers’ markets, and strengthen the connection between the production areas of agricultural products and market access.

8. Strictly control the quality and safety of catering services. Supervise catering service units to strictly implement the main responsibility of food safety in accordance with relevant requirements. Improve the food safety management system of collective dining units such as school canteens, establish stable food supply channels, improve the food safety traceability system, and strictly implement the system of claiming certificates, tickets and incoming goods inspection to ensure that the purchased raw materials meet food safety standards. Supervise the online ordering platform to strictly implement the responsibility of food safety management, and implement the responsibility of review, supervision and rights management.

(three) the implementation of the most severe punishment

9. Improve laws and regulations. According to the actual situation in our province, formulate and improve local laws and government regulations on food safety. Study and issue the "Beach Planning of Aquaculture Waters in Hainan Province" to further standardize the development of aquaculture industry in the province.

10. Severely crack down on illegal crimes according to law. Comprehensive use of property penalties, qualification penalties, personal penalties, reputation penalties and other measures to implement the "punishment to people" requirements, and severely punish illegal enterprises and their directly responsible supervisors and other responsible personnel. Investigate the civil liability of intentional offenders according to law. Strengthen the public security organs, procuratorial organs and administrative law enforcement departments "execution convergence" information sharing platform construction, establish and improve the food safety judicial expertise system and smooth execution convergence mechanism. Actively do a good job in civil and administrative public interest litigation on food safety, establish and improve mechanisms such as information sharing, joint meetings and clue transfer, and form a joint force for public welfare protection.

11. Strengthen comprehensive law enforcement at the grassroots level. Deepen the reform of comprehensive law enforcement, and strengthen the comprehensive law enforcement team and capacity building in cities, counties, towns and streets. Expand the scope of equipment for evidence collection tools and law enforcement equipment, and promote the modernization of food safety supervision and law enforcement equipment. Public security, agriculture and rural areas, market supervision and other departments should implement the joint supervision system for major cases and supervise major food safety cases.

12. Strengthen credit joint punishment. Promote the construction of a "business integrity demonstration province". Integrate and share credit information generated by administrative management, market-oriented credit evaluation information and professional credit evaluation information. Establish a unified credit file of food production and operation enterprises in the whole province, and integrate illegal enterprises and their main responsible persons into the credit information sharing platform of Hainan Pilot Free Trade Zone and the national enterprise credit information publicity system (Hainan). We will implement the blacklist system for serious illegal producers and operators in the field of food safety, and strengthen joint punishment for serious untrustworthy enterprises and their main responsible persons according to laws and regulations.

(D) the most serious accountability.

13. Clarify the power of hierarchical supervision. Formulate a list of food safety supervision powers of provinces, cities and counties according to laws and regulations. Provincial supervision departments mainly do a good job in supervision and inspection of production enterprises with high product risks and wide influence areas, and strengthen the organization and coordination of investigation and handling of major complex cases and cross-regional law enforcement. City and county supervision departments mainly undertake food production and operation supervision and law enforcement matters that are directly oriented to market players and consumers. The supervision department at the higher level shall strengthen the supervision and management of the supervision department at the lower level by means of law enforcement inspection and file review.

14. Strictly implement the food safety party and government responsibility system. Conscientiously implement the "Provisions on the Responsibility System for Food Safety of Local Party and Government Leading Cadres", further strengthen the leadership responsibility of local party committees, the responsibility of government territorial management, and the responsibility of departmental supervision, and formulate a list of responsibilities for food safety work of party committees, governments, and party and government leading cadres at all levels. The principal responsible persons of party and government at all levels should strictly perform the duties of the first responsible person in food safety work, carry out special investigations, and promote the solution of key problems affecting local food safety. Party committees at all levels should check the performance of food safety duties by local party and government leading cadres in combination with the inspection work arrangements. Party committees and governments at all levels should incorporate the implementation of food safety responsibilities by party and government leading cadres into the important content of supervision and supervision. Party committees and relevant government departments at all levels are responsible for the management of food safety in the competent industry. It is necessary to control the list of regulatory powers, exempt from liability according to the due diligence and accountability according to the dereliction of duty.

Third, build a strict food safety responsibility system

(five) strictly implement the main responsibility of production operators.

15. Implement quality and safety management responsibilities. Producers and operators are the first person responsible for food safety, and they should ensure that the production and operation process continues to be compliant and the products meet food safety standards. The qualified rate of the spot check and assessment of the regulatory knowledge of food quality and safety management personnel should reach more than 90%. Large food enterprises with high risks should take the lead in establishing and implementing hazard analysis and critical control point system. Health food producers and operators should strictly implement the main responsibility of quality and safety, strengthen total quality management, standardize production behavior, and ensure that the product function claims are true.

16. Strengthen the control of production and operation process. Food production and processing enterprises should conscientiously carry out self-examination of potential risks, conduct self-examination and evaluation of food safety status, and actively report food safety risks. If the production and operation conditions do not meet the food safety requirements, corrective measures shall be taken immediately; If food safety risks are found, it shall immediately stop production and business activities and report to the local regulatory authorities in a timely manner. Food production and processing enterprises should actively monitor the quality and safety of listed products, and take risk control measures in time if there are hidden dangers. The self-inspection report rate of food production enterprises should reach more than 90%.

17. Establish food safety traceability system. Supervise food production enterprises to establish a food safety traceability system. Promote the application of Hainan’s important agricultural product quality supervision traceability platform and the national agricultural product quality and safety traceability information management platform, and strengthen compatibility with agricultural big data and information sharing. Establish a collection and sharing mechanism of food procurement and wholesale information, and realize 100% traceability management of key supervised foods such as dairy products. Strengthen the construction of traceability system for pesticide, veterinary drug, feed and seed production and operation, improve the traceability information platform for pesticide and veterinary drug production and operation, standardize the uploading of production and operation data of pesticide and veterinary drug production and operation enterprises, and improve the traceability implementation rate of enterprises.

18. Actively promote food safety liability insurance. Increase the publicity of food safety liability insurance. Promote edible agricultural products supply bases, meat, eggs, milk and alcohol production enterprises, school canteens, tourist catering reception units, bulk food distribution units, central kitchens and collective dining catering units to take the initiative to purchase food safety liability insurance.

(6) Improve the supervision efficiency of the regulatory authorities.

19. Strengthen the construction of food safety committees at all levels and their offices. Clarify the main responsibilities of the Food Safety Committee and its office, and formulate and improve the rules of procedure, working system and working mechanism of the Food Safety Committee. City and county food safety committees hold regular meetings to study and solve major problems affecting local food safety.

20. Improve the coordination mechanism of various departments. Improve the coordination and linkage mechanism of food safety work, strengthen cross-regional cooperation, find problems and deal with them quickly, and promptly notify the upstream to find out the reasons and the downstream to control the hazards.

Fourth, promote the high-quality development of the food industry

(7) Reform the licensing and certification system.

21. Adhere to the combination of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" and reduce institutional transaction costs. Fully implement the certificate system for edible agricultural products. Deepen the reform of food production and business license, implement the "separation of licenses", and promote the whole process of online processing and electronic registration.

(eight) the implementation of quality agriculture plan.

22. Implement demonstration and promotion of production standardization. Strengthen the construction of agricultural standard system, accelerate the formulation and improvement of provincial agricultural technical regulations and local standards for public brands in agricultural areas and tropical agriculture, and support the construction of "vegetable basket" production bases, standard demonstration fields (bases), standard demonstration parks and "five good animal products" breeding bases. By 2025, a number of demonstration parks for standardized production of tropical crops and demonstration farms for standardized livestock and poultry breeding at ministerial level will be built.

23 increase the declaration of "three products and one standard" certification. Fully tap the regional advantages of agricultural products, and actively carry out the declaration of "three products and one standard" certification work. Make full use of opportunities such as participating in national food fairs and fairs, holding China (Hainan) International Tropical Agricultural Products Winter Fair, and vigorously promote the brand of agricultural products in our province.

24. Strengthen the green prevention and control of melon and vegetable pests and diseases. Actively develop farmers’ professional cooperatives to promote farmers’ standardized production and unified prevention and rule. Formulate technical regulations for green prevention and control of pests and diseases of melons and vegetables in key winter to ensure quality and safety from production links. Further promote the construction of green prevention and control demonstration zones for melon and vegetable diseases and insect pests.

(9) Promote the transformation and upgrading of the food industry.

25. Encourage Hainan specialty food enterprises to obtain certification and recognition, and encourage large enterprises to become bigger and stronger, and small and medium-sized enterprises to specialize. Guide food enterprises to extend the industrial chain, establish high-quality raw material production bases and supporting facilities, build influential food brands, and gradually form a number of well-known enterprises with strong brand influence.

(10) Increase scientific and technological support.

26. Strengthen food safety scientific research innovation, guide enterprises to increase investment in scientific research, and promote the transformation, popularization and application of food safety achievements. Build a number of food safety technical support institutions and key laboratories, focus on breaking through the key technology of "sticking the neck" and improve the ability of food safety risk discovery and prevention.

Fifth, comprehensively improve governance capacity

(eleven) to improve the professional level of the supervision team.

27 to strengthen the professional construction of food inspection team. Relying on the existing supervisors, law enforcement personnel and professional and technical personnel, it will take 3 to 5 years to establish an inspection team with excellent politics, loyalty, exquisite business and reasonable structure, which is suitable for the actual food safety supervision in our province.

28. Strengthen food safety technical review and crime investigation. Improve the food safety expert database and provide technical advice for food safety work. Improve the curriculum of professional colleges, strengthen the construction of food discipline and personnel training. Strengthen the investigation power of food crimes in public security organs, strengthen institutional setup and staffing, and gradually establish food safety crime investigation teams in provincial, prefecture-level and key cities and counties public security organs.

(twelve) to strengthen the technical support capacity building.

29 establish and improve the quality and safety inspection and testing system for food and agricultural products. Construction of Hainan food and agricultural products quality and safety inspection and testing platform at the provincial level, Hainan provincial key laboratory of food safety. Implement equipment standards for food and agricultural products inspection institutions at all levels, improve inspection and testing capabilities, and promote the capacity building of food safety professional and technical institutions at provinces, cities and counties. Encourage social inspection forces to participate in the quality and safety inspection of food and agricultural products, and guide social third-party inspection and testing institutions to become bigger and stronger. Strict inspection institutions qualification management, tracking evaluation and ability verification, strengthen the supervision and management of certified institutions.

(thirteen) to promote the supervision of "internet plus food".

30. Strengthen the application research of information technology in the field of food safety supervision. Strengthen the intelligent supervision of food safety and the quality and safety of edible agricultural products, and accelerate the construction of a comprehensive market supervision business platform in Hainan Province. Strengthen the construction of online transaction supervision system, build a big data platform for food safety supervision, promote full coverage of online and offline supervision, and gradually realize online investigation and gathering of food safety crimes and online transfer, online acceptance and online supervision of cases.

(fourteen) improve the problem-oriented sampling monitoring mechanism.

31. Intensify food sampling and monitoring. Unified food sampling monitoring plan, unified organization and implementation, unified data submission, unified results utilization. Solidly carry out sampling inspection and monitoring of food quality and safety. Strengthen the verification and disposal of unqualified products, strengthen the linkage between inspection and punishment, and eliminate food safety risks in time. Improve the notification mechanism of sampling monitoring information, and timely disclose sampling information according to law. Gradually separate supervision sampling, risk monitoring and evaluation sampling to improve the targeting of supervision.

(fifteen) to strengthen emergency response.

32. Revise the emergency plan for food safety and the emergency plan for quality and safety of agricultural products. Improve the inter-regional and inter-departmental food safety emergency management coordination and information sharing mechanism, improve the food safety incident early warning and monitoring, organization and command, emergency support, information reporting system, and strengthen training exercises. Promote food production and operation enterprises to formulate emergency plans. Strengthen public opinion monitoring, establish a mechanism for collecting, analyzing, judging and quickly responding to major public opinions, and improve the system for organizing and handling public opinion events, emergency support and information reporting.

VI. Promoting social co-governance of food safety

(16) Strengthen risk communication.

33. Improve the inter-departmental coordination and linkage mechanism, and strengthen coordination and linkage in food safety information notification, situation consultation and crime fighting. Strengthen news propaganda and public opinion guidance, and strengthen positive publicity and reporting. Encourage research institutions, universities, associations and media to participate in food safety risk exchange. Encourage enterprises to directly respond to consumer inquiries through news media and online platforms. Establish an intelligent platform for grabbing, identifying, analyzing and handling food safety rumors, and resolutely crack down on rumors, fraud and false propaganda.

(seventeen) to strengthen the popularization of law and popular science propaganda.

34. Implement the responsibility system of "whoever enforces the law and popularizes the law", and continuously strengthen the publicity and education of food safety laws and regulations, food safety standards and food science knowledge for food producers and operators. Continue to carry out food safety publicity activities such as Food Safety Publicity Week, National Nutrition Week and World Food Day. Promote the construction of food safety science popularization positions, popularize health knowledge, advocate reasonable diet, and carry out demonstration and promotion of balanced nutrition catering.

(eighteen) to encourage social supervision.

35. Fully implement the publicity system of administrative law enforcement, publicize law enforcement responsibilities, basis, standards, procedures, results and supervision channels, and improve the standardization level of law enforcement. Strengthen the website and media column setting of regulatory authorities, and actively build a platform for open government affairs and law enforcement. Encourage and support industry associations to formulate rules and regulations, self-discipline norms and professional ethics standards, and actively find and solve common hidden dangers in the industry.

36 the establishment of food safety information officer (coordinator) team. Establish a team of full-time and part-time food safety and edible agricultural products quality and safety information officers (coordinators) in urban communities and rural areas, and give full play to their roles in investigation, hidden danger investigation, information reporting, dinner registration, daily inspection, publicity and guidance.

37. Actively introduce third-party professional organizations to participate in food safety supervision. Support the introduction of universities, scientific research institutes, inspection and testing institutions and other third-party service agencies to participate in food safety supervision, improve the problem discovery rate, effectively prevent risks, and improve the professional level of supervision.

38. Improve the complaint reporting mechanism. Revise and improve the "Implementation Measures for Reporting Food and Drugs with Awards in Hainan Province", and increase incentives for reporting hidden rules and systematic and regional food safety risks in the food safety industry. Seriously investigate and punish acts of retaliation against informants and malicious reporting of illegal profits according to law, and if the acts constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Seven, in-depth development of food safety and security project construction action.

(nineteen) to carry out food safety risk monitoring.

39. Strengthen food safety risk monitoring, collect and analyze monitoring data of food pollutants and harmful factors, organize monitoring points of medical institutions within the jurisdiction to carry out food-borne disease monitoring, and improve food safety risk monitoring data in our province.

(twenty) the implementation of pesticide and veterinary drug use reduction and environmental purification action.

40. Establish and implement the market exit mechanism for pesticide and veterinary drug products. Vigorously implement the reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the reduction of livestock and poultry aquaculture drugs, and the treatment of veterinary antibiotics. We will continue to promote the comprehensive utilization of organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers and agricultural wastes, vigorously promote the application of high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides and veterinary drugs, actively develop comprehensive farming and ecological recycling agriculture, and support cities and counties to carry out pilot projects for the recovery and disposal of pesticide packaging wastes.

41. Strictly implement the management of livestock and poultry breeding zones, and consolidate the results of early retirement of livestock and poultry in prohibited areas. Formulate and implement the resource utilization plan of livestock and poultry breeding waste, and accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism for the harmless treatment of dead animals. Actively promote the construction of rural biogas projects and promote the utilization of biogas liquid, water and fertilizer integration technology. Actively promote the rural cleaning project, establish and improve the recycling mechanism of agricultural inputs field waste, guide social capital to participate, and build a recycling network of agricultural inputs field waste covering the whole province.

42. Strengthen the collaborative monitoring of cultivated land soil and agricultural products, build an environmental monitoring network of producing areas, and explore the establishment of an agricultural environmental capacity evaluation system. Carry out investigation and rectification actions of enterprises involved in key industries of heavy metals to prevent pollutants such as heavy metals from entering farmland. In areas involving heavy pollution, designated production areas of specific agricultural products are prohibited according to law.

(twenty-one) the implementation of campus food safety guard action.

43. Strictly implement the school food safety principal (director) responsibility system, implement the principal (director) and other responsible persons to accompany the meal system, encourage parents to participate in supervision, and implement the school food safety self-inspection system. Promote the use of unified and standardized contract texts in school canteens in the province, and consolidate the main responsibility of canteen operators. Promote the construction of "bright kitchen and bright stove" in school canteens. Continue to promote the construction of "food safety demonstration school canteen".

(twenty-two) the implementation of rural fake and shoddy food control action.

44. Take rural areas and urban-rural fringe as the main battlefields, comprehensively standardize the qualifications of food production and operation, severely crack down on illegal activities such as manufacturing and selling "three noes" food, counterfeit food, inferior food and expired food, and resolutely ban illegal production and sales of "black factories", "black dens" and "black workshops".

(twenty-three) the implementation of catering quality and safety improvement action.

45. Accelerate the construction of "bright kitchen", advocate catering service providers to disclose the processing process, and publicize information such as food raw materials and their sources. Explore the organic combination of risk classification and quantitative classification, improve the utilization rate of regulatory resources, and strengthen regulatory efficiency. Encourage large and chain catering enterprises, central kitchens and collective dining distribution units to adopt advanced management methods, implement the certification of critical control point system, build a cold chain distribution system, and improve the standardization level of the catering industry. Strengthen the emergency management of catering services and food safety in tourist attractions and reception teams. Strengthen the on-site supervision and guidance of rural collective dinners. Encourage the online ordering platform to seal the food sold abroad to ensure the food safety during distribution and transportation.

46. Promote the use of biodegradable container packaging. By the end of 2020, the province will completely ban the production, sale and use of disposable non-degradable plastic bags and plastic tableware. Fully implement garbage sorting. Establish and improve the management system of kitchen waste disposal, and crack down on illegal activities of waste oil processing according to law. Promote the formulation of sanitary management standards for guest toilets in catering stores, and continuously improve the sanitation of dining environment.

(twenty-four) the implementation of health food industry special clean-up and rectification actions.

47 to carry out special clean-up and rectification of health food industry, and severely crack down on fraud and false propaganda and sales of health food. Continue to further promote the "five advances" special popular science publicity activities of health food. Do a good job in consumer rights protection services. Strengthen joint law enforcement, severely investigate and deal with all kinds of illegal sales of health food, and crack down on pyramid schemes. Strictly implement the risk classification management system for health food production and operation enterprises.

(twenty-five) the implementation of the "quality food project" action.

48. Promote the construction of quality inspection system for "high-quality food project". Taking Chengmai County as an example, we will carry out the action plan of "Good Grain and Oil in China" to improve the supply level of green, high-quality and safe grain and oil products.

(twenty-six) the implementation of imported food "national guard" action.

49 to carry out special treatment of imported dairy products, rice, food for Hong Kong and Macao and other key sensitive products. Strengthen quarantine examination and approval of imported food of animal and plant origin, implement import and export food safety sampling inspection plan, import food safety risk monitoring plan, export animal-derived food safety risk monitoring plan and special monitoring plan for pesticide residues in vegetables supplied to Hong Kong, and strengthen food inspection at ports. Strengthen the inspection and quarantine supervision of imported meat products. Strengthen the disposal of unqualified food to prevent unqualified food from entering the consumer market.

(twenty-seven) the implementation of "double security and double innovation" demonstration to lead the action.

50. In accordance with the unified national arrangements, solidly promote the establishment of a food safety demonstration city. Consolidate the achievements of establishing four national agricultural product quality and safety counties in Chengmai County, qionghai city City, Dongfang City and Lingshui County, give full play to the role of demonstration and lead, and do a good job in the subsequent selection and establishment of national agricultural product quality and safety counties.

VIII. Job Requirements

(twenty-eight) to strengthen organizational leadership.

51. Party committees, governments and party and government leading cadres at all levels should improve their political stance and take food safety as a political task. It is necessary to seriously study and formulate specific measures, refine and decompose tasks, clarify the division of responsibilities and schedule, and ensure that all work measures are implemented. The relevant departments of cities, counties and provinces directly under the provincial government shall report the food safety work to the provincial party committee and government before December 15th each year.

(twenty-nine) to increase security.

52. Establish and improve a financial guarantee mechanism that is compatible with food safety and agricultural product quality and safety supervision, and include the required funds in the financial budgets of governments at all levels. Encourage social capital to enter the field of food safety professional services and build a diversified investment guarantee mechanism.

53. Encourage cadres to perform their duties and faithfully perform their supervisory duties. Units and individuals who dare to act, take responsibility, perform their duties, perform well and achieve remarkable results in food safety work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant regulations. Establish and improve the fault-tolerant and error-correcting mechanism, take the initiative to fault-tolerant cadres who meet the fault-tolerant conditions, and fully mobilize and stimulate their work enthusiasm and creativity. When investigating the candidates for the main person in charge of the food safety supervision department, we should listen to the opinions of the superior supervision department.

(30) Strengthen supervision and assessment.

54. Establish and improve the food safety supervision and evaluation mechanism of the Provincial Food Safety Committee, and incorporate the implementation of food safety work into the comprehensive assessment of the development of cities and counties in Hainan Province and the evaluation of safe construction (comprehensive management work). The Office of the Provincial Food Safety Committee shall, jointly with relevant departments, establish a coordination mechanism, strengthen communication and consultation, and study and solve the problems encountered in the implementation of this opinion. It is necessary to strictly supervise and supervise, and incorporate the implementation into the important content of the provincial key work inspection to ensure that all tasks are put in place. The results of follow-up supervision and evaluation should be taken as an important reference for the assessment, reward and punishment, use and adjustment of party and government leading cadres.

Attachment: Food Safety Work of Party Committees, Governments and Leading Cadres of Party and Government at All Levels in Hainan ProvinceDuty list

Attachment

Party committees and governments at all levels in Hainan Province and
List of responsibilities for food safety work of party and government leading cadres

I. Responsibilities of Party committees and governments at all levels for food safety work

Party committees and governments at all levels in the province take overall responsibility for food safety work in the region, and the main responsible persons of the party committees and governments are the first responsible persons for food safety work in the region, and other members of the team are responsible for food safety work in the industry or field in charge (including co-management and contact, the same below).

Two, the main person in charge of Party committees at all levels of food safety responsibilities

(1) Organize to study and implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on food safety, the principles, policies and decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on food safety, the work requirements of the Party committees at higher levels and relevant laws and regulations, continuously improve the political positions of leading cadres of the party and government, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission in doing a good job in food safety.

(2) Comprehensively strengthen the Party’s leadership over food safety work in this region, and include food safety work in the important agenda of the Party Committee and the important content of the report to the plenary session of the Party Committee.

(3) Establish and improve the list of food safety-related work responsibilities of members of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee, urge other members of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee to perform food safety-related work responsibilities, and incorporate food safety work into the performance evaluation of leading cadres of the party and government.

(four) to carry out special investigations on food safety work, convene a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee or a special meeting, listen to the report on food safety work, timely study and deploy, coordinate and solve key food safety work and major problems, and promote the improvement of the food safety governance system.

(five) to strengthen the construction of the leadership team, the construction of cadres and institutions in the food safety work department, with strong leadership and strong team, and constantly improve the ability of food safety management.

(six) to coordinate all parties to attach importance to and support food safety work, and support the government to perform its food safety supervision duties according to law. Supervise the working departments of Party committees to actively support the work of relevant departments and create a good working atmosphere in terms of food safety strategy and policy research, publicity and public opinion, comprehensive management of social security, supervision and supervision, cracking down on food safety violations and crimes, and social co-governance.

Three, the main person in charge of government at all levels of food safety responsibilities

(a) to lead the local food safety work, conscientiously implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on food safety work and the principles, policies, decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on food safety work, the work requirements of the Party committees at higher levels and governments, and the relevant laws and regulations, and organize and promote local governments to implement the responsibility of territorial management of food safety.

(two) adhere to the new development concept, correctly handle the relationship between development and safety, food safety work into the local national economic and social development planning, government priorities, and accept the supervision of the National People’s Congress and the CPPCC.

(III) Establish and improve the local food safety supervision responsibility system, clarify the food safety work responsibilities of the members of the government leadership team at the corresponding level and the food safety work responsibilities of relevant government departments, and guide and urge the members of the government leadership team and relevant departments to implement their work responsibilities.

(four) to carry out special investigations on food safety work, organize government executive meetings, office meetings or special meetings, listen to local food safety work reports, and timely study and solve outstanding problems in food safety work.

(five) to strengthen the ability of food safety supervision and law enforcement, integrate the supervision power, optimize the supervision mechanism, and improve the professional level of supervision and law enforcement teams.

(six) improve the food safety financial investment guarantee mechanism, the food safety work funds included in the fiscal budget of the government at the same level, to ensure the smooth development of the work. Improve the infrastructure construction of food inspection and testing and the standardization of administrative law enforcement equipment. Strengthen the capacity building of food safety risk monitoring at the grass-roots level to ensure the required working funds.

(seven) the implementation of high-quality development requirements, promote the transformation and upgrading of food and food-related industries, and constantly improve the level of industrial development.

Four, other members of the Standing Committee of Party committees at all levels of food safety responsibilities

Other members of the Standing Committee of Party committees at all levels shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, strengthen their leadership over food safety-related work in the industry or field in charge, assist the main person in charge of the Party Committee, make overall plans to promote food safety-related work in the industry or field in charge, urge and guide relevant departments to perform their duties according to law, and timely study and solve food safety-related work problems in the industry or field in charge.

(a) the Standing Committee of the Party Committee responsible for the routine work of the government should urge and guide the financial departments to study and implement the food safety supervision funds.

(II) The Standing Committee of the Party Committee in charge of organizing personnel work shall urge and guide the organization of personnel and organization departments, strengthen the construction of leading bodies, cadres and institutions of food safety supervision departments, and incorporate food safety work into the performance appraisal category of party committees and governments at all levels.

(3) The Standing Committee of the Party Committee in charge of propaganda work should urge and guide the propaganda, online information and other departments and the news media to strengthen food safety publicity and education and public opinion guidance, enhance people’s food safety awareness and consumer confidence, and do a good job in information release of major food safety accidents and emergencies in conjunction with relevant departments.

(IV) The Standing Committee of the Party Committee in charge of United Front and group work should urge and guide the administrative departments of ethnic and religious affairs to strengthen the supervision and inspection of halal food safety, and mobilize all sectors of society to actively participate in, support and supervise food safety.

(5) The Standing Committee of the Party Committee in charge of political and legal work should urge and guide the political and legal organs to implement the relevant provisions on the convergence of execution, severely crack down on criminal acts endangering food safety, support and cooperate with the special rectification of food safety and the investigation and handling of food safety accidents, and incorporate food safety work into the evaluation of safe construction (comprehensive management work).

(6) The Standing Committee of other Party committees shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, urge and guide the departments in charge to support food safety work, so as to form a joint effort to make concerted efforts.

Five, all levels of government in charge of food safety work, food safety responsibilities.

The person in charge of food safety work of governments at all levels shall strengthen the leadership of food safety supervision work in the local area, and be specifically responsible for organizing food safety supervision work in the local area. Main responsibilities include:

(a) to assist the party committee and the government is mainly responsible for the implementation of food safety territorial management responsibility, organize the formulation and implementation of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on food safety policies, decision-making arrangements, decisions of superiors and party committees and governments at the same level, and specific measures of relevant laws and regulations.

(two) to organize special research on food safety, study and formulate special food safety plans and annual key work plans in this region, and promote food safety work in this region as a whole.

(3) Organizing and coordinating the food safety supervision departments and relevant departments, analyzing the food safety situation in a timely manner, studying and solving related problems in the field of food safety, and promoting the improvement of the food safety supervision mechanism in the whole process from farmland to table.

(4) Organize and promote the food safety supervision departments and relevant departments to establish an information sharing mechanism, promote the "internet plus" food safety supervision, and continuously improve the modernization level of food safety supervision efficiency and governance capacity.

(five) to organize the implementation of food safety risk prevention and control, hidden danger investigation and special treatment, and resolutely guard against systematic and regional food safety risks.

(six) to organize the formulation of emergency plans for food safety accidents, organize regular emergency drills, and timely organize the handling and investigation of food safety emergencies in the region.

(seven) to organize the evaluation of food safety work, and urge the relevant departments of the government at the same level and the governments at lower levels to implement the responsibility of food safety work.

(eight) to organize the popularization of food safety and popular science propaganda, safety education, credit system construction and other work, and promote the social co-governance of food safety.

Six, governments at all levels in charge of agricultural and rural work in charge of food safety responsibilities.

The person in charge of agricultural and rural work of governments at all levels shall strengthen the leadership over the quality and safety supervision of edible agricultural products in the region, and be specifically responsible for organizing the quality and safety supervision of edible agricultural products in the region. Main responsibilities include:

(a) to organize the quality and safety supervision of edible agricultural products from planting and breeding to entering the wholesale, retail market or production and processing enterprises, the quality and safety supervision of animal and plant disease prevention and control, livestock and poultry slaughter, fresh milk purchase and other links, as well as the supervision and management of relevant agricultural means of production and agricultural inputs.

(two) to organize the study and establish the system of quasi-export of edible agricultural products, and urge the relevant departments to strengthen coordination and work cohesion, and form a joint force of supervision.

(3) Organizing to establish and improve the quality supervision system, inspection and testing system and credit system of edible agricultural products.

(four) to organize the environmental management of edible agricultural products, clean agricultural production and the construction of ecological recycling agriculture.

(five) to organize and carry out quality and safety risk monitoring and supervision and spot check of edible agricultural products, supervision and spot check of agricultural production materials and agricultural inputs, quality and safety risk assessment of edible agricultural products, and early warning and analysis of the quality status of edible agricultural products.

(six) lead the organization to carry out agricultural counterfeiting work and emergency handling of agricultural products quality and safety emergencies.

(seven) to organize the research and promotion, publicity and education of the quality and safety technology of edible agricultural products.

Seven, other members of the government leadership at all levels of food safety responsibilities.

Other members of the leading bodies of governments at all levels shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, strengthen their leadership over food safety-related work in the industry or field in charge, assist the principal responsible persons of the government, make overall plans to promote food safety-related work in the industry or field in charge, urge and guide relevant departments to perform their duties according to law, and timely study and solve food safety-related work problems in the industry or field in charge.

(1) The government leaders in charge of industry and informatization are responsible for organizing, urging and guiding the industrial and informatization departments to strengthen the management of the food manufacturing industry, formulating and implementing the development strategy, development plan and industrial policy of the food industry in the whole province, promoting the technological innovation and credit system construction of food industry enterprises, encouraging enterprises to implement good production and operation norms, and promoting the quality management capacity building of food manufacturing enterprises.

(two) the government leaders in charge of health work are responsible for organizing, supervising and guiding the health departments to strengthen food safety risk monitoring, and establish a mechanism for reporting and consulting the results of risk monitoring; Formulate and improve local food safety standards according to law, and do a good job in publicizing and implementing food safety standards; Strengthen the sanitary supervision and management of urban tap water, school drinking water and rural drinking water; Organize medical treatment in time in case of major food safety accidents.

(3) The government leaders in charge of ecological environment work are responsible for organizing, urging and guiding the ecological environment departments to strengthen the supervision of pollution sources around edible agricultural products planting and breeding bases, coordinating and solving major environmental problems involving centralized drinking water sources and affecting food safety, and participating in the emergency handling and accident investigation and handling of food safety incidents involving environmental pollution.

(four) the government leaders in charge of grain work are responsible for organizing, supervising and guiding the relevant departments of grain to strengthen the quality and safety management of grain purchase, storage and transportation and grain reserves.

(five) the government leaders in charge of forestry work are responsible for organizing, supervising and guiding the forestry departments to strengthen the safety management of edible forest products planting and breeding (including the production environment).

(VI) The government leaders in charge of housing construction and urban management are responsible for organizing, urging and guiding the housing construction and urban management departments to promote the resource utilization and harmless treatment of kitchen waste and strengthen the management of the canteen on the site.

(VII) Government leaders in charge of education, civil affairs, cultural tourism, transportation and other work are responsible for organizing, urging and guiding relevant departments to strengthen food safety management in schools’ canteens, pension institutions, tourist attractions, railway stations and docks, civil aviation railways and other industries or fields in charge, regularly organize special investigations, inspections and guidance on food safety in industries or fields in charge, and take effective measures to resolutely curb food safety accidents.

(8) The government leaders in charge of public security and judicial work are responsible for organizing, urging and guiding the public security and judicial departments to implement the relevant provisions on the convergence of execution, severely crack down on criminal acts endangering food safety, and promote the improvement of local laws, government regulations and policies and measures on food safety.

(9) The government leaders who contact the customs are responsible for coordinating and guiding the customs to strengthen the inspection, quarantine, supervision and management of imported and exported food, food additives and food-related products, and take timely risk warning or control measures for imported and exported food safety issues that have an impact on the territory of our province.

(10) Other members of the leading group of the government should support the relevant departments to perform their food safety duties according to law, and strengthen and support food safety work from the aspects of industry planning, industrial policy, trade circulation, scientific and technological innovation, laws and regulations, funding guarantee and credit traceability, so as to form a pattern of food safety co-governance.

　　Beijing, July 9 (Xinhua)-With the completion of volunteering for college entrance examinations in many places across the country, the enrollment of college entrance examinations has also started one after another, and some colleges and universities have begun to send admission notices. The education departments in many places have made it clear that they will strictly guard against acts such as impersonating and going to college, and remind candidates and parents to beware of being deceived.

　　The recruitment of high-profile recruits in various places has been started one after another.

　　Recently, all provinces in China have determined the admission time of college entrance examination, most of which are concentrated in early July, and many colleges and universities have started the delivery of admission notices.

　　For example, this year’s Beijing High School Entrance Examination was held from July 6 to 30, and all the admissions were conducted through remote online admission. Among them, the undergraduate advance batch admission time is from July 6 to 14, and the undergraduate ordinary batch admission time is from July 16 to 21.

　　The admission work in Ningxia this year is divided into six batches, which will be carried out between July 5 and August 15. Among them, the first batch of undergraduate admission institutions (including local special plans, preparatory courses and orientation) is from July 16 to 23; The time for higher vocational (junior college) majors admitted in advance is August 5-6.

　　The enrollment of colleges and universities in Guangdong Province in 2021 will be held from July 8 to August 15, among which the advance approval will be from July 8 to 17; Undergraduate approval is July 15 -29; Specialist approval is from July 30th to August 15th.

　　This year, in order to facilitate candidates to check the admission status in time, the government has also opened up various channels.

　　For example, in Gansu, candidates can query through the website of the Provincial Education Examinations Institute, the APP client of the Provincial Education Examinations Institute, the WeChat WeChat official account and Weibo of the Gansu Provincial Education Department, and the "Lezhi College Entrance Examination" WeChat applet.

　　Singing, black technology … … Which admission notice is the most creative?

　　At present, the admission of colleges and universities is in progress, but the admission notices of some colleges and universities have been issued.

　　Because of its creativity and design sense, it also contains various special meanings. Recently, the admission notices of major universities have frequently seized hot searches, attracting public attention.

　　For example, Beijing’s first general admission notice this year was sent from beijing language and culture university.

　　Inspired by the traditional paper-cutting art in China, the letter of admission combines the "Chinese style" with the popular "pixel style" to convey the idea that "tradition and modernity" and "Chinese culture and world culture" are intertwined, integrated and developed.

　　This year’s admission notice of Shanghai University fully embodies the "black technology". Undergraduates will receive a "Future Core", and when you start the button behind the school badge of the "Future Core" key, you can light the "Future Core" and put it close to your mobile phone to read the WeChat applet "Shangdajinshu" (the sound is the same as "Shangdajinshu"). Freshmen can watch the "Red Inheritance" propaganda film for the first time and get a personal exclusive electronic admission notice.

　　When you open the gift box of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, you will see the three-dimensional laminated paper carvings. Among the layers of clouds, the Long March 5 rocket is launched, and the Beidou network is impressively in front of you. The C919 passenger plane flies higher through the clouds. In addition, the stars, the moon, the straight 10 and the Mars probes are all displayed with different laser patterns.

　　The school also specially added a blind box interactive link in the gift box of admission notice. Seven different aviation, aerospace and civil aviation aircraft were randomly selected and put into each student’s notice.

　　The admission notice of Southeast University is not satisfied with staying on paper, but also singing! When the notification gift box was opened, the song of Dongda University sounded melodiously, and the school landmark auditorium was also lit. In addition, the school motto "stop at perfection" will appear on the notice paper under the illumination of light.

　　The admission notice of Qingdao Agricultural University adopts three-dimensional paper art design, which contains four-story deep scene structure, meaning that college students will start a beautiful life for four years. The notice can also be used as a commemorative photo frame, and you can put your own personality photos in a special place to punch in.

　　The Ministry of Education issued a brilliant warning: Don’t be fooled by "internal indicators"

　　How to ensure fairness and transparency is the focus of social attention in the process of college entrance examination enrollment.

　　In fact, as early as May this year, the Ministry of Education has clearly stated that it is necessary to strengthen supervision and inspection, intensify the investigation and punishment of violations, and persist in finding and investigating violations of disciplines in examination enrollment, with zero tolerance, and fully safeguard the fairness and justice of examination enrollment.

　　Recently, the Ministry of Education issued an early warning to remind the majority of candidates and parents once again that only those whose college entrance examination scores meet the requirements for college entrance examination scores will be admitted to colleges and universities. Don’t be lucky, don’t believe false rumors, distinguish fraud tricks and avoid being deceived.

　　The Ministry of Education reminds that during the college entrance examination, some lawless elements often take advantage of their parents’ mentality of looking forward to their children’s success and their daughters’ success, by forging documents, privately carving seals, setting up registration offices and consulting telephone numbers, pretending to be college admissions personnel and relatives of school leaders, and falsely claiming that they have mastered the "internal indicators", "mobile plans", "directional enrollment plans", "low marks and high records" and "supplementary records" of colleges and universities.

　　According to the Ministry of Education, there are no so-called "internal indicators" in the process of college entrance examination, and candidates and parents should be highly alert to such fraudulent information of "spending money to buy university places".

　　In addition, in recent years, some lawless elements or intermediaries deliberately confuse the difference between academic education and non-academic education, and deceive candidates and parents with admission notices such as self-taught classes, online education classes, and cooperative education. Some educational institutions actually recruit non-academic education students under the guise of academic education.

　　According to the Ministry of Education, different enrollment categories have different admission conditions. Students in general higher education must pass the college entrance examination. The so-called "admission notice" mentioned above is not the admission notice of ordinary colleges and universities whose academic qualifications are recognized by the state. After "admission", freshmen can’t register electronically, let alone get the graduation certificate of ordinary colleges and universities.

　　"Going to college as an impostor" has also been hit hard.

　　In addition to reminding candidates and parents to prevent fraud, the education departments in many places also stressed that they will strictly guard against acts such as impersonating college.

　　For example, on July 6, the enrollment of colleges and universities in Hebei in 2021 was officially launched. Locally, it is clear that it is necessary to strictly control the important passes such as the examination of student status, identity verification, qualification examination, and re-examination of new students’ admission, strictly prevent impersonation to go to college, and safeguard the fairness and justice of college entrance examination enrollment.

　　It is worth mentioning that, in order to guarantee the delivery service of the college entrance examination admission notice, China Post Group held a video conference on July 2, demanding that every admission notice be actively tracked until the last one is properly voted, so as to ensure "zero mistake and zero loss".

　　Before delivery, you must contact the recipient himself by phone, do a good job in door-to-door delivery service according to the address, and implement the delivery receipt requirements. The recipient will take photos and upload them as required, and the receipt will be brought back to the file. (End)

"Hao Car Attacks" original new car:The summer life in August is coming to an end, and it is going back to the fast pace of two o’clock and one line. It is very important to have a reliable scooter. The so-called "reliable" Hao Ge thinks that the first thing is to be small and flexible, which can save a lot of time during the congested rush hour. The second thing is to be cost-effective, especially for ordinary people, and today’s protagonist is just a good choice.

On August 1st, 2024, with the launch of Cute Horse, a brand-new entry model of FAW Pentium Pony, the price threshold of the new car once again fell below 25,000. At present, there are four models on sale in 2024 Pentium Pony, which are divided into 122 km and 170 km endurance options, and the price range is 24,900 ~ 31,900 yuan. The main competitors will be locked into MINI EV and other mainstream mini electric vehicles. Compared with competing products, the biggest advantage of FAW Pentium Pony is that it is more cost-effective, and it can even be regarded as a flat product with the price closest to the old scooter.

In terms of modeling, FAW Pentium Pony abandoned the mainstream design ideas of Pentium family and took the cute pet route. Concise closed mesh+rounded headlights, with bright decorative embellishments surrounded by the top and bottom, not only conforms to the "Kawaii" style of the current mini electric car, but also captures the favor of more young female consumers, and the tail also adopts the "cute and big eyes" shape that complements the front face. In addition, the new car also provides consumers with personalized customization services, including details such as front and rear bumper decoration and door decoration. There are more than 100 personalized customization schemes, among which the highest choice is the roof suitcase, low-lying kit and big wheel rim.

The interior style can be described as simple without losing personality. Although it is not equipped with a central control screen, it has a 7-inch LCD dashboard, and at the same time, it adds a lot of points to the new car, such as through-going air outlets, physical buttons similar to the layout of game consoles, and pedals with symbolic patterns. After all, for consumers who choose Pentium ponies, eye-catching is more important than configuration. At the same time, the new car will also provide five interior colors such as beach gold, bubble blue, indigo, camellia green and peach powder.

In terms of body size, the length, width and height of Pentium Pony are 3000/1510/1630mm and the wheelbase is 1953mm respectively. Under normal conditions, the trunk volume of the new car is 81 liters, which can be extended to 734 liters when the rear seat is put down, so it belongs to the middle-class level in terms of data. The compact body can not only make it easier for women or novice friends to park in their seats, but also make it easier to drive in narrow sections or congested streets. If there are shortcomings, Hao Ge suggested that it would be better if two-door and two-seat versions that are more suitable for young couples and more attractive could be introduced later.

In terms of power, Hao Ge feels that it is actually enough. After all, this price does not need to be extravagant. All FAW Pentium ponies are equipped with a rear single motor, 20 kW (27 HP); 85 nm. If you are more cost-effective and easy to charge, you can give priority to the 122 km version, and the slow charging time is about 5.2 hours. If the distance to work is a little longer or you want to have more budget, the 170km version is more suitable for you. It is worth mentioning that two driving modes, such as elephant and sports economy, are all standard in the whole department, which is quite kind.

Summary of "Hao Car Attacks":Although FAW Pentium Pony is positioned as a miniature electric vehicle, Hao Ge thinks that the ultra-high cost performance with a starting price of less than 30,000 is actually not the same audience as competing products such as Wuling Hongguang MINI EV with a price of more than 40,000. Especially for third-and fourth-tier cities, an increase of 10,000 is not a small number. FAW Pentium Pony really takes the function of "walking instead of walking" as its responsibility, and gives consumers high-cost demand as much as possible in a low-cost range. Therefore, if you want to buy an elderly scooter, Thank you for your attention to "Hao Car Attacks".