It’s urgent, the reason of false negative in COVID-19 nucleic acid test and its countermeasures!

Author: Hongge comes from Medical Wechat WeChat official account.

        Recent epidemic situation in ChinaIn the process of getting up, there are some situations that deserve our attention.the most importantIsFalse negatives in nucleic acid detection. Intercepting relevant news, it was found that 8 confirmed patients in Shijiazhuang on the 22nd were repeatedly negative for nucleic acid detection, and 5 confirmed patients in Shijiazhuang on the 24th were repeatedly negative for nucleic acid detection.


   On the 22nd, there were 11 new confirmed cases in Shijiazhuang, including:

Case 1: Male, 52 years old, from Huangjiazhuang Village. On the evening of 21st.Ninth nucleic acid positive;

Case 2: Male, 13 years old, Niujiazhuang Village. On the evening of the 21st.Nine times nucleic acid positive;

Case 3: Female, 11 years old, Zhongyao Village. On the evening of the 21st.Nine times nucleic acid positive;

Case 4: Male, 49 years old, Nanqiaozhai Village. On the evening of 21st.Ninth nucleic acid positive;

Case 5: Male, 47 years old, Niujiazhuang Village. On the evening of 21st.Ninth nucleic acid positive;

Case 6: Female, 65 years old, Niujiazhuang Village. On the evening of 21st.Ninth nucleic acid positive;

Case 7: Male, 11 years old, grandson of Case 6. On the evening of 21st.Ninth nucleic acid positive;

Case 11: Male, 67 years old, Xiaoguozhuang Village, husband of Case 2 on January 7th. On January 3, it was transferred to centralized isolation medical observation; On the evening of 21st.11th nucleic acid detectionFinally positive;

On the 24th, there were 7 new confirmed cases in Shijiazhuang:

Case 1: Female, 65 years old, Nanqiaozhai Village. Centralized isolation on the 11 th.Nucleic acid after 9 times, 22 positive.

Case 2: Female, 4 years old, Nanqiaozhai Village. Centralized isolation on the 11 th.Nucleic acid after 9 times, 22 positive.

Case 3: Female, 4 years old, Mi Jie, Chang ‘an District. Centralized isolation on the 13 th.Nucleic acid after 8 times, 23 positive.

Case 4: Female, 64 years old, Xiaoguozhuang Village. Centralized isolation on the 10 th.After 11 nucleic acids, 24 positive.

Case 5: Male, 34 years old, Xiaoguozhuang Village. Centralized isolation on the 8 th.After 11 nucleic acids, 24 positive.

Case 6: 34-year-old female, Liujiazuo Village, was positive for nucleic acid on the 5th, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection on the 6th, and was clinically confirmed on the 24th.

Case 7: A 28-year-old male, living in Yuhua District, went to work by car at Zhengding Airport on weekdays. He was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected with nucleic acid on the 5th, and was clinically confirmed on the 24th.


Since the outbreak of COVID-19 last year, the topic of high false negative rate of nucleic acid detection has been the focus of attention. It has been reported that the positive rate of Covid-19 detection by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR is only 30%-50% at present, which leads to extremely high false negative rate.

For Hongge, who doesn’t know much about the test, this paper analyzes the relatively high false negative test by searching articles and documents, and summarizes some reasons to discuss with you.

First, the incidence of COVID-19 suggests that it is highly possible to collect positive samples in a proper time.

Academician Yuan Guoyong’s team conducted this cohort study in Hong Kong Princess Margaret Hospital and Queen Mary Hospital. From January 22 to February 12, 2020, 23 hospitalized patients who were diagnosed as COVID-19 by laboratory examination of nasopharyngeal or sputum specimens were screened in the two hospitals.

A total of 173 respiratory specimens were collected from 23 patients. The researchers used RT-QCPR to determine the viral load in the samples. The results showed that the median viral load of respiratory tract samples was 5.2 log10 copies /mL (interquartile range was 4.1-7.0), and only 3 patients (13%) did not detect Covid-19 RNA in saliva samples.

The researchers observed that,The viral load in saliva was the highest in the first week after the patient developed symptoms, and then gradually decreased.Eight days after the patient developed symptoms, airway extracts were collected, and there was no obvious downward trend in viral load. Of the 21 patients who did not die,Seven people (33%) could still detect viral RNA after 20 days of symptoms, but this was not related to the severity of the disease.

▲ Changes of viral load in saliva (blue line) and airway extract (red line) of all 23 patients. Abscissa D- days after symptoms appear; S/E- number of saliva/airway samples.

AprilAccording to a study published in Nature Medicine, COVID-19 patients are most infectious before symptoms appear, and they begin to shed SARS-CoV-2 2 2-3 days before the first symptoms appear.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0869-5

The study, led by Eric Lau of the University of Hong Kong, involved 94 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Eighth People’s Hospital of Guangzhou, China, 50% of whom were male, with a median age of 47 years. Among them, 61 of 93 patients were mild. Specifically, the researchers collected the throat swabs of 94 COVID-19 patients who were treated in the Eighth People’s Hospital of Guangzhou, China from January 21st to February 14th. From the onset of symptoms to 23 days after onset, 414 throat swabs were collected.

The results show that the researchers areThe high viral load was detected shortly after the patient developed symptoms, and then gradually decreased to the detection limit around the 21st day.There is no significant difference in viral load among different sexes, age groups and disease severity.

In addition, the researchers also analyzed 77 samples of "transmission pairs" from public data to assess how much time passed between the onset of symptoms in each patient. It assumes that the median incubation period (the time from infection to symptoms) is 5.2 days.The research team concluded that infectivity began 2.3 days before symptoms appeared, and peaked 0.7 days before symptoms appeared.

In the sensitivity analysis, the same estimation procedure is used, but assuming that the infectious attack is unchanged 1-7 days before the symptom occurs, thenIt was found that the infectivity reached its peak 0-2 days before the onset of symptoms, and the transmission ratio before the onset of symptoms was 46% to 55%.

The study also found that,The virus may start shedding 2-3 days before the first symptoms appear.After the symptoms appear, the viral load in the patient’s body decreases faster. This is consistent with the results of two recent studies. On April 1st, teams from Munich, Germany, Berlin and Cambridge, England published the article "Viro logical assessment of hospital patients with Covid-2019" on Nature. It was found that the shedding peak of Covid-19 occurred in the early upper respiratory tract infection.This shows that virus carriers may be the most infectious when they have mild symptoms or almost no obvious symptoms.

Brother Hong:From the above two documents, we can draw a conclusion that the virus shed and spread 2-3 days before the symptoms appear after infection, and after the symptoms appear, with the passage of time,The viral load of throat swab decreases gradually, and the viral load detected within 7 days after symptoms. If symptoms have existed for more than 20 days, the reliability of negative conclusion of throat swab is poor.

Solution:We need to publicize the law of the new crown to the people and medical workers, and improve our vigilance against COVID-19. It is best for patients to see a doctor in time, and doctors can also suspect this possibility. Only at the right time can we collect high-content samples and diagnose and control them in time.

Second, accurate sampling strategy is the best means to reduce false negative results.

In February, a study published by Medrxir, a pre-printed website, collected respiratory tract samples such as nasal swab, throat swab, sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients diagnosed with COVID-19, and included 213 Covid-19-infected patients admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen from January 11th to February 3rd, 2020, who were diagnosed by Guangdong CDC. A total of 866 respiratory tract samples, including 490 nasal swabs, 205 throat swabs, 142 sputum samples and 29 BALF samples, were collected at the time of admission and after each time point. According to the collection date, the samples were divided into 0~7 days, 8~14 days and ≥15 days after onset. According to the guidelines on prevention and treatment of Covid-19 infection issued by National Health Commission, patients were divided into severe and mild cases.

Three groups were divided according to the sample collection time after onset, and the viral nucleic acid was quantitatively determined.The positive rate of viral nucleic acid in sputum samples was the highest in the group of 0~7 days after onset.The positive rates of severe and mild cases were 88.9% and 82.2% respectively.Followed by a nasal swab.(73.3% and 72.1% respectively),The throat swab again.(60.0% and 61.3% respectively). In mild cases, the positive rate of nasal swab and sputum samples is similar.

The positive rate of BLAF samples collected from 8 to 14 days after the onset of severe cases was 100%.However, the BALF samples of 3 mild cases were negative. In all cases, the positive rate of sputum samples was the highest in the 8~14 days after onset, which was much higher than that of nasal swab and throat swab. It is worth noting that the positive rate of throat swab in severe patients is only 50%, and that in mild patients is only 29.6%.

In the group ≥15 days after onset,The positive rates of BALF, sputum and nasal swab from severe cases were similar. In mild cases, the positive rate of sputum and nasal swab is similar, which is much higher than that of throat swab.

For the diagnosis of viral nucleic acid in COVID-19’s patients,Sputum samples are the most accurate, followed by nasal swabs. It is not recommended to collect throat swabs for diagnosis.

The difference between oropharyngeal swab and nasopharyngeal swab

anusswab

Brother Hong:

1. Oropharyngeal swab is the least painful and most acceptable, but it has to bear the consequences of high false negative results. My suggestion is to use it according to the epidemic risk in the first epidemic area.

2. The positive rate of nasopharyngeal swab is higher than that of oropharyngeal swab, which is why nasopharyngeal swab is introduced into laboratory examination in the fifth edition of Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Pneumonia Infected by Covid-19 (the fourth edition is still pharyngeal swab). If we want to pursue accuracy, it is suggested to use it, or to use it when screening people in close contact or sub-close contact. At present, the examination of returnees in domestic reports seems to be nasopharyngeal swab method.

3. Alveolar lavage fluid can’t be used for screening in the general population, so it is suggested that hospitals with ICU should use it for screening severe pneumonia patients living in ICU for COVID-19 patients.

4. Deep expectoration seems to be the best sample, but many patients in COVID-19 have a dry cough, which may not be possible.

5、anusSwabs were used in Daxing epidemic in Beijing, which is the first time to use this method in the screening process. In some literatures,anusAlthough the positive rate of swabs is not high, as I remember, it seems to be more than 10%, but it does not seem to coincide with the patients with oropharyngeal swabs, suggesting that the virus may attack the gastrointestinal tract, and also suggesting that there may be the possibility of gastrointestinal transmission in Covid-19. Although the initial symptoms of some patients are gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, there are also ACE2 receptors in the digestive tract, which is theoretically possible, but it has not been confirmed at present. So,anusMy suggestion is that swabs can only be used as a supplement to nasopharyngeal swabs, and it is better to select patients whose first symptoms are digestive tract symptoms more accurately, which is unlikely to be used as a means of large-scale screening.

Solution:It is best for National Health Commission to issue a guiding document for large-scale screening, and make detailed regulations on what population and what sampling methods to adopt under what circumstances.,When local governments encounter an outbreak in COVID-19, it’s best to ask professionals to act as consultants and make choices according to the actual situation.

Third, the consistency of sampling ability of sampling personnel affects the sampling results.

Garbage in, garbage out (garbage samples produce garbage results), which is a sentence that inspectors often say.

The sampling team is huge, and the ability of sampling personnel must be uneven. In addition, people may have such fears about sampling, which often leads to unqualified samples.

Generally, there is an internal standard in the molecular diagnostic reagent to monitor the detection process, for example, RNaseP is used as the internal standard. If both the sample response curve and the internal standard response curve displayed by the fluorescence PCR platform do not jump, it means that the quality of the collected samples may have problems or false negatives may occur due to improper experimental operation, which needs to attract the attention of medical workers. The RNaseP internal standard can monitor the sample collection and ensure the accuracy of the test results.

Note: RNaseP is ribonuclease P, which is one of the most important ribozymes in human body. It is ubiquitous in all organs, tissues and cells of human body, and can detect RNA nucleic acid fragments from human body samples, and can also be used as an internal standard.

And I privately asked the relevant person in charge of our city’s temporary inspection center. He told me that every day in our hospital, some samples were told that they needed to be re-sampled because the internal standard did not jump. Imagine that you didn’t wipe down a few cells in your throat swab collection, so will the negative of this nucleic acid be accurate?

Solution:Consistency training for nucleic acid sampling personnel will greatly reduce the human influence, and it is easier to standardize the sampling process by taking such sampling methods as nasopharyngeal swab. Our city seems to have trained the nucleic acid emergency sampling team very early. What about your city?

In addition, if in the environment of large-scale nucleic acid sampling, when testing under the standard of 5-mixed 1 and 10-mixed 1, according to the above principle of internal standard, it seems that there is no single-tube ability in the quality control of internal standard. Therefore, especially those in the emergency sampling team, we must pay attention to the standard sampling methods and remember to collect qualified samples as much as possible.

Fourth, choose the right oneSampling device

The virus preservation tube mainly consists of a sampling swab and a virus nucleic acid preservation tube (containing virus nucleic acid preservation solution). There are many kinds of virus preservation tubes on the market at present.It is very important for epidemic prevention and disease diagnosis to choose the appropriate virus preservation tube, reduce the infection risk of medical inspectors as much as possible, and keep the virus RNA stable without degradation..

The preservation solution UTM used in traditional virus collection tubes is based on Hank’s solution, with gentamicin, fungal antibiotics, BSA (V), cryoprotectant, biological buffer and amino acids added. Its main purpose is to maintain the virus activity within a certain temperature range, so that it is convenient for health and epidemic prevention departments to further isolate, culture and trace the virus and determine the pathogen. This kind of non-inactivated tube, which I call it, is good for further work, but the sameLive virus increases the infection risk of medical staff in the whole process of sample collection, transportation and testing!Personally, I think this kind of sampling tube for inactivated virus should be a better choice for disease control sampling.

And clinicalIn order to achieve the purpose of rapid detection, it is not necessary to cultivate the virus, but only to crack the virus, so as long as the integrity and stability of the virus nucleic acid can be guaranteed.nowCommonly known as inactivation tube.Many inactivation tubes in China are used.The inactivation component is guanidine salt, which is in this inactivation tube in our hospital.Guanidine salt can crack the virus, but it can’t protect the integrity of nucleic acid for a long time.The virus nucleic acid may have been degraded during the delivery of the sample to the laboratory, which will also cause a "false negative" in the detection. Many studies show that both temperature and time can affect the test results, so the COVID-19 Laboratory Testing Guide has clear requirements for samples to be tested within 24 hours after collection and transported at 4 degrees Celsius. If it is necessary to exceed 24 hours, it should be stored at -70 degrees Celsius.

And some manufacturers put forward another inactivation tube, a kind of.containNon-guanidine saltThe virus preservation tube containing protein denaturant can inactivate the virus and ensure the preservation of virus nucleic acid at room temperature.And the virus nucleic acid is stably stored for 7 days.Does not degrade.

Solution:

1, from sampling to testing, it is necessary to mark the time, so that quality control can be carried out on the preservation time, which is basically no problem in a better hospital.

2. For the front-line staff to do the corresponding training, they should know the advantages and disadvantages of various types of preservation tubes and adopt the best sampling tubes suitable for local conditions.

3. It is best for the country to recommend the selection of sampling tubes with the support of relevant experimental data.

5. Failure of reagents caused by virus mutation?

After the virus mutation in South Africa, Britain, Brazil and other places, there have been cases that turned positive after ten tests in various parts of the world, including China.The FDA recently warned that virus mutation has caused some reagents to fail, and listed several kits that may be affected by mutation. This means that virus mutation may have led to the failure of some nucleic acid detection or persistent false negative.

The FDA listed several kits that may be affected by mutation:

Accula SARS-Cov-2 detection (Mesa Biotech): If the virus mutates at the 28881st base (GGG to AAC), the detection of this kit will be affected;

TaqPath COVID-19 Combo Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific): This kit detects three genes at the same time, and the variant B.1.1.7 appearing in Britain will affect one of the detection results;

Linea COVID-19 detection (Applied DNA Sciences): This kit detects two genes at the same time, and the variant B.1.1.7 appearing in Britain will affect one of the detection results;

Helix, an American company doing nucleic acid detection, also noticed the influence of virus mutation on detection. The company’s nucleic acid detection simultaneously detected three Covid-19 genes: ORF1ab, N, and S. Because the B.1.1.7 strain that appeared in Britain had deletion mutation in S gene, ORF1ab and N could be detected in the detection, but S gene could not be detected (4). This phenomenon is called "S gene withdrawal".

In addition, the sensitivity of reagents from different manufacturers to COVID-19 is different, and the country also organized a national evaluation of reagents last year. butIn an evaluation study on the consistency and detection ability of seven domestic novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection kits published by Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine in July, 2020, it was proposed that "some kits have poor detection ability for weakly positive samples,It is suggested that weak positive samples should be rechecked by kits from at least two manufacturers to ensure the accuracy of the results."

Several targets of nucleic acid detection in Covid-19 are ORF1ab gene, N gene and S gene.

In the Technical Guide for Laboratory Detection of Pneumonia Infected in novel coronavirus issued by China CDC (hereinafter referred to as the Technical Guide), the two targets of nucleic acid detection in Covid-19 are ORF1ab gene and N gene respectively.

On January 6th, the Weekly Report of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention published the results of gene sequencing analysis of two cases of Covid-19 infection in Shijiazhuang and Xingtai. According to the published results, the strain prevalent in Gaocheng, Hebei Province, is different from the strain found in other places in China recently, and is homologous to the strain reported in Russia last July, belonging to strain B.1.1.123

Coincidentally, the mutation happened at the 28881 ~ 28883 bases of the virus gene of this strain, and this is exactly the position of the forward primer of the N gene!

This also explains why there were many negative results at that time.

I guess this is one of the reasons why the criteria for judging nucleic acid positivity have also changed.The judgment position that the single target is still positive after retest is positive.

Figure/Current Criteria for Judging Positive Cases in Technical Guide

Solution:

1. Require manufacturers of nucleic acid reagents to conduct confirmatory experiments on the current mutant strains and propose technical solutions.

2, all localities should introduce at least two kinds of better quality detection reagents, for control use.

3. Information about the failure of test reagents that may be caused by mutated viruses should be effectively and widely reported in domestic laboratories.

Six, the standard implementation in the process of laboratory testing

the pastAccording to the guidelines issued by relevant institutions, the collected samples need to be inactivated at 56℃ before nucleic acid detection, which is very likely to degrade the Covid-19 nucleic acid, which will lead to the failure of normal detection and ultimately improve the false negative rate.In the early daysInactivation treatment is carried out for the sake of biological safety, to protect the staff engaged in testing from virus infection.

But later, there were many voices of doubt in the academic circles, becauseViral RNA is easily degraded by ribonuclease, because this enzyme has the highest activity at 60℃. Ribonuclease comes from two aspects, one is the sample cells, and the other is the foreign pollutants in the process of collection, preservation and transportation.

Last February, there was a similar research article.The high-temperature inactivation process before virus nucleic acid extraction significantly reduces the amount of detectable virus nucleic acid templates, which has been pre-published on the platform of scientific papers of China Academy of Sciences.

And last May,The Journal of Clinical Chemistry published the research of Chinese scholars on Covid-19’s false negative test.The study confirmed that,Thermal inactivation can cause the increase of Ct value reflected by PCR and cause false negative results.Specifically, 46.7%(7/15) of the weakly positive samples were false negative after inactivation (a surprising proportion). Another inactivation method is to inactivate the virus by dissolving the virus protein with guanidine hydrochloride. This study confirmed that guanidine hydrochloride had little effect on PCR reaction, and the false negative rate was low, although there was also a false negative rate of 13.3%(2/15).

Related address: https://academic.oup.com/clinchem/article/66/6/794/5815979

I also inquired whether there was a 56-degree inactivation step in the detection process of CDC in the United States. Although my English ability was poor, I didn’t see this step by machine translation.

Including some other documents retrieved, it is also very clear that 56-degree inactivation does have a great influence on weakly positive specimens.

No matter the Manual of Nucleic Acid Detection in Medical Institutions in novel coronavirus (Trial) on July 13th, 2020 or the Manual of Nucleic Acid Detection in Medical Institutions in novel coronavirus (Trial 2nd Edition) on December 30th, 2020, there are corresponding descriptions.For the laboratory that has been inactivated with the sampling tube containing guanidine salt, there is no need to inactivate at 56 degrees for 30 minutes.This is only true if non-inactivated sampling tubes are used.


However, I learned from the familiar laboratory leaders that this is not the case. Many laboratories still require samples to be pretreated at 56 degrees for 30 minutes regardless of whether the tubes are inactivated or not. I can understand that they are worried about hospital infection and laboratory exposure. But generally speaking, reducing the false negative rate, increasing the detection amount and taking corresponding measures to control the epidemic situation as soon as possible, I think the corresponding suggestions in the corresponding guidelines are also the best choice from the overall situation and supported by data.

Our laboratory should not control the occurrence of hospital sensation and laboratory exposure at the expense of reducing the detection rate, but should focus on stricter control of experimental steps, more cautious PPE wear and higher laboratory environment.

Solution:

1. It is suggested that the state give special instructions to laboratories at all levels on this matter.

2. It is suggested that the country should further study the preservation solution of sampling tubes, and if there is any preservation solution that can not reduce the detection rate at 56 degrees for 30 minutes, it can also be recommended.

The above zero zero always said a lot of points, mainly about how to reduce false negative conclusions, hoping to give you a reference.

It’s been many days since I wrote this afternoon, mainly considering Spring Festival travel rush. Although the scale of Spring Festival travel rush is reported to have dropped by more than 75% this year compared with previous years, the population flow is still very strong. We may face the rising trend of an epidemic after Spring Festival travel rush, and how to make the work better may be a more urgent need before us.

Iranian foreign minister reveals US-Iranian leaders’ meeting: US side tends to lift sanctions.

  Iranian Foreign Minister Zarif. (Source: Student News Agency)

  Overseas network September 29 th Iranian Foreign Minister Zarif said that during his visit to new york, he had a telephone conversation with some members of the US Congress, but unfortunately, he did not hold face-to-face talks with them due to the shortened trip.

  According to the semi-official Iranian Student News Agency (ISNA) on the 29th, Zarif told reporters when he was preparing to leave new york for Teheran that during his visit, he had talks with different groups in the United States, including some US congressmen. Zarif said that he was called by members of the US Congress. Due to the shortened itinerary, he could not coordinate these members to come to new york for face-to-face talks. He deeply regretted this. Zarif stressed that these US lawmakers have not made any demands on Iran, and Iran will not interfere in the US election. The Iranian side has held talks at the request of the other side and used these talks to show the true image of Iran.

  Iranian President Rouhani and American President Trump. (overseas network puzzle)

  When talking about the reports about the meeting between Rouhani and Trump, Zarif said that Trump was only trying to hold talks with Rouhani during his stay in new york this week, and Trump was unwilling to accept the lifting of sanctions as a prerequisite for the talks, so the bilateral talks could not take place. Zarif pointed out that direct talks between Trump and Rouhani have never been put on the agenda, and Iran is only willing to participate in the talks within the framework of the Iranian nuclear deal. Zarif also said that Trump did not promise to lift the sanctions after the talks, but Trump preferred to hold the talks directly and it was possible to lift the sanctions after the talks.

  The Iranian side’s trip to the United States this time can be described as a thorn all the way. The 74th session of the United Nations General Assembly opened on September 17, 2019. Earlier, Iranian President Rouhani and Foreign Minister Zarif were delayed in obtaining American visas. Rouhani and Zarif "may cancel" their trip "if (the US) doesn’t issue visas within a few hours", Yitong News Agency reported on the 18th. On the same day, Trump said on the Iranian visa issue, "This matter does not depend on me." It was not until 19th that the Iranian delegation to the United Nations announced that the United States issued visas to the Iranian President and Foreign Minister, allowing them to attend the UN General Assembly in new york.

  Iran said earlier that only when the United States returns to the agreement can the two sides contact. (Photo: Associated Press)

  On the other hand, the repeated statements of the United States do not rule out the possibility of Trump meeting Rouhani during the UN General Assembly. On the 4th, after imposing additional sanctions on Iran, when asked about the possibility of meeting with Iranian leaders during the UN General Assembly, Trump said that "everything is possible". When he delivered a speech at the UN General Assembly on 24th, Trump also said that the possibility of direct dialogue with Iran was not ruled out, but the sanctions would not be lifted in advance.

  However, the premise of the Iraqi side is that the United States must lift the sanctions before there can be talks. Iranian Foreign Minister Zarif said on the 22 nd that the premise of holding talks is that Trump promised to ease sanctions against Iran. Iranian President Rouhani also said in his speech at the general debate of the United Nations General Assembly on 25th that Iran has never bowed to foreign forces and refused to negotiate with those who imposed "the harshest sanctions in history". (Compile/Overseas Network Hou Xingchuan)

Harbin: Each district and county shall have at least one 24-hour nucleic acid detection point.

  Cctv news(Reporter Li Wenxue): According to the requirements of the "Class B and B Tube" general plan notice of the comprehensive group of the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism and the "novel coronavirus Infection Prevention and Control Plan (10th Edition)", on January 9th, the Harbin Leading Group Command issued a notice on optimizing and adjusting the nucleic acid detection strategy, requiring that no nucleic acid should be done unless necessary, at least one 24-hour nucleic acid detection point should be set up in all districts and counties, and personnel of key institutions should carry out antigen or nucleic acid detection.

  According to the notice, it is required to insist on not doing nucleic acid unless necessary, and no longer carry out nucleic acid screening for all staff. Community residents are "willing to check and check" as needed. The cost of nucleic acid testing for personnel and medical personnel in key institutions such as nursing homes and welfare homes shall be borne by the competent department of industry according to the requirements of "who is in charge, who is responsible and who pays"; Other people will pay for nucleic acid testing from January 10, 2023.

  All districts and counties (cities) should rely on community health service centers or township hospitals to set up enough convenient nucleic acid detection points, and at least one 24-hour nucleic acid detection point should be set up to facilitate the needs of the public. All nucleic acid detection points should be set in place before January 10. All districts and counties (cities) shall set up at least one testing point that can provide Chinese and English nucleic acid testing reports to meet the needs of citizens for nucleic acid testing abroad.

  Medical institutions should carry out antigen or nucleic acid detection for outpatients (emergency) with fever and respiratory infection symptoms, hospitalized patients with severe and high risk, and symptomatic medical staff.

  During the epidemic period, the staff in places where vulnerable people are concentrated, such as pension institutions and social welfare institutions, will carry out full-time nucleic acid testing twice a week, and the people who are cared for will carry out antigen or nucleic acid testing twice a week. The testing of agency staff and people who are cared for will be carried out alternately every other day, or it can be carried out according to the requirements of the competent authorities of the industry. Nucleic acid detection of people in other industries shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the competent department of industry.

  The elderly aged 65 and above, long-term hemodialysis patients, severe diabetes patients and other high-risk community residents, infants under 3 years old and other people need to carry out antigen testing after symptoms such as fever and respiratory infection, or go to convenient nucleic acid testing points set up in the community for nucleic acid testing. Just as residents are infected, other people can carry out antigen testing every day for 3 consecutive days.

  After other residents have symptoms such as fever and respiratory infection, they can carry out antigen testing on their own as needed, or go to convenient nucleic acid testing points set up in the community for nucleic acid testing.

  Foreigners enter the gathering place of vulnerable people, check the negative certificate of nucleic acid test within 48 hours and carry out antigen test on the spot; Enter all kinds of business premises, commercial stores, government agencies, enterprises and institutions, and no longer check the negative certificate of nucleic acid detection.

Beijing police: Three people were arrested for insulting or beating staff at the nucleic acid testing point.

  "Safe Beijing" WeChat WeChat official account reported on the 14th that nucleic acid detection is an effective means and key measure for epidemic prevention and control, and it is also a realistic need to ensure everyone’s normal life. Orderly on-site order can ensure the smooth development of testing work. Medical staff and epidemic prevention workers have been working tirelessly to fight the epidemic, and the general public has actively participated in cooperation and concerted efforts to fight the epidemic, making the prevention and control barrier more solid. However, in contrast to Qi Xin’s selfless dedication, there are still very few people who do not abide by the law and touch the red line and are dealt with by the public security organs according to law.

  At about 17 o’clock on May 10, 2022, the offender Wang Moumou (male, 42 years old) was drunk and did not line up in order at a nucleic acid testing point in Gaoliying Town, Shunyi District. When the staff dissuaded him, he insulted and beat the staff, disturbing the order at the scene. At present, this person has been administratively detained by Shunyi Public Security Bureau according to law.

  At about 15 o’clock on May 12, 2022, the offender Zhou Moumou (male, 49 years old) was waiting in line at a nucleic acid testing point in Huang Zhuang, Haidian District. He was dissatisfied with the staff reminding him to keep a safe distance and insulted the staff, causing adverse effects. At present, this person has been administratively detained by Haidian Public Security Bureau according to law.

  At 10 o’clock on May 13, 2022, the illegal actor Huang (male, 54 years old) did not follow the guidance route after receiving nucleic acid testing at a nucleic acid testing point in Huangcun Town, Daxing District, and stayed next to the epidemic prevention materials placement area. When the staff reminded him, the person did not listen to dissuasion and continued to insult the staff, which affected the development of nucleic acid testing. At present, this person has been administratively detained by Daxing Public Security Bureau according to law.

  Nucleic acid testing is not only a test of virus, but also a test of literacy and morality. If you don’t make trouble, you make a contribution. Only by obeying the rules can we win the "epidemic". Abiding by epidemic prevention regulations and fulfilling personal responsibilities is not only contributing to the overall situation of prevention and control, but also caring and respecting others for their dedication. The police will resolutely crack down on all illegal and criminal acts that "make things worse" for epidemic prevention and control, severely punish "black sheep" and never let everyone’s hard work go to waste.

Tesla is going to buy Model X at a price close to the people.

The times and technology are progressing, and high-tech configuration has become the standard of many cars, which brings consumers a better experience. There are many choices of cars now, as we said today. Next, let’s take a look with Xiaobian.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of Model X. The front of Model X adopts a very simple design and looks more spiritual. Coupled with the cool headlights, it looks very spiritual. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, front fog lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the body size of the car is 5037MM*2070MM*1684MM. The car adopts simple lines, and the side gives people a very flamboyant feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is eye-catching. In the rear part, the overall shape of the rear echoes the front, and the taillights give people a very capable feeling, and the overall layout is impressive.

Sitting in the car, the front face of Model X looks very stable and the overall shape is remarkable. The steering wheel of the car is very in line with the interior style, made of leather, and has a good grip. From the central control point of view, the car is equipped with a touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and gives people a sense of fashion and dynamic. The interior feels good. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard design is remarkable, and the trendy design elements make people remember it at a glance. The car adopts leather-like seats, equipped with functions such as electric adjustment of auxiliary seat, electric adjustment of seat with memory, and seat proportion tilting, which makes the whole ride feel soft and comfortable.

Model X matches the gearbox, with an acceleration time of 2.6s per 100 kilometers, and the power is completely OK for daily use.

The car is equipped with driving mode selection, remote control key, NFC/RFID key, interior ambient light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), Bluetooth /WIFI connection and other configurations. The configuration is not bad, and there is no problem in meeting daily use.

Summary: The car introduced today is remarkable in terms of space, configuration and power, and home travel is also a good helper.

Space experience & a small transformation and a long test of GM6 (2)

  [car home Long-term Test] How time flies! Three weeks passed in a flash. In the recent period, I found that I and my family really can’t live without this car more and more. It is convenient to use a lot of space, and the comfortable configuration can basically satisfy me. (|) It is really cool to use it every day. Therefore, in this issue, we mainly talk about the performance of GM6 in terms of ride comfort and space, including some minor improvements I have made to the second row of seats. If you have any questions after reading it, you can leave a message under my editing blog and I will give you a reply as soon as possible.

Home of the car

  ◆ Experience of the ride and space:

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

  The second row of seats is not designed with floor slides like the benchmark models such as GL8 and Odyssey, so its range of forward and backward movement is quite limited. The backrest of the seat can be tilted backward at a large angle, but the forward range is extremely limited, and the whole seat does not have the function of folding forward. In addition, the seat itself has no additional charging interface or storage slot, just two comfortable seats, lacking some exquisite designs.

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

  The children’s seat was removed from my old car, and the most versatile seat belt type fixing method was adopted. Naturally, there was no problem when it was placed on the second row seat of GM6, and the backrest fit was also very good. After it was completely fixed, the seat was not easy to shake and would not bring security risks.

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

  GM6 was developed based on the cross-platform modular architecture of Guangzhou Automobile G-CPMA. The same architecture also produced 18 models in two series, namely GM8, GS5, GA6, GE3, etc. The architecture is really malleable. However, GM6′ s convenience in getting on and off in the rear row is still somewhat unsatisfactory. Except for the side sliding door, there is no step design when the height of the rear floor is high. The measured height from the ground to the floor is 420mm, which will be somewhat unfriendly to the elderly or children with mobility difficulties. In this respect, GM6 makes people feel that its back row is not like a traditional MPV, so we should continue to learn the Odyssey.

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

  Some of GM6′ s third-row seats draw lessons from the design of Japanese cars, and the whole seat leans backward, so the hip center position will be lower. In addition, the design of the floor groove will further release the leg space, and the design of the third row can really give consideration to comfort and practicality.

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

  During the long-term test, it is rare to be full, so I use the diagram in my colleague’s test article to show the storage capacity of the trunk in the six-seat state.

Home of the car

Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Chuanqi GM6 2019 270T Automatic Honor Edition (six seats) Country V

  Most of the time, I use GM6 as a "four-seater nanny car" and never worry that I can’t put my luggage down. Occasionally, I have to go back to my parents’ house with my daughter-in-law on weekends, so there are many things that need to be loaded in the trunk. My daughter-in-law’s clothes, children’s toys, and sometimes two baby carriages need to be loaded. Of course, these are not problems. GM6 can really be loaded.

On China’s Powerful Economic Momentum from the "Good Start" of Spring Festival Consumption

  Consumers choose cosmetics in Darongcheng Shopping Mall in Jiangbei District, Chongqing. Xinhua news agency

  Julu County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province, New Year Collection. Hu Liangchuan photo/bright picture

  The ancient city of Chaozhou, Guangdong welcomes tourists during the Spring Festival. Xinhua news agency

  Tourists visit the historical and cultural block of Xiaoxi Street in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Lu Yiping photo/bright picture

  [Economic Interface]

  In the Spring Festival of the Year of the Ox, China’s consumption achieved a "good start". According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Commerce, from the New Year’s Eve of the Year of the Ox to the sixth day of the first month (February 11 -17), the national key retail and catering enterprises achieved sales of about 821 billion yuan, an increase of 28.7% over last year’s Spring Festival Golden Week and an increase of 4.9% over the Spring Festival Golden Week in 2019.

  The popularity of the consumer market during the Spring Festival holiday reflects the vitality and potential of China’s economy.

  This Spring Festival is different. More than 100 million people celebrate the New Year on the spot, but the epidemic can’t stop the flow of family ties. This year’s Spring Festival consumer market is not only traditional, festive, peaceful, warm and prosperous, but also presents new features and changes, showing the strong endogenous kinetic energy of China economy. It is reasonable to expect that China’s consumption will continue to be "bullish" after a "good start".

  Celebrate the New Year on the spot, blowing a new wind for the Spring Festival consumer market.

  After working in Beijing for almost a year, Xiao He usually doesn’t cook and often orders takeout. This year, she chose to spend the New Year’s Eve with her friends. They ordered some cooked food and semi-finished products online, and bought dumpling wrappers in the supermarket to wrap jiaozi together. She said: "Bao jiaozi is a sense of ceremony for the New Year. In previous years, parents prepared materials and made dough. This year, we celebrate the New Year ourselves. Without the skills of our parents, we have to buy some ready-made materials and do it ourselves."

  The Spring Festival is a festival with the strongest flavor and the longest duration of traditional culture in China. The New Year’s Eve dinner is the most ceremonial meal in Chinese. This year, due to the impact of the epidemic, more than 100 million people across the country celebrated the New Year on the spot, among which young people accounted for a large proportion. Most of them didn’t spend the New Year with their parents and elders at home for the first time, and took on the "heavy responsibility" of arranging a table for New Year’s Eve dinner for the first time, and they all "made their own moves".

  The 24-year-old Xiao and her friends booked a fully equipped daily rental house, such as a board game room and a projector. We went to the supermarket to buy ingredients, prepared the New Year’s Eve dinner in the house, and greeted the arrival of the New Year with great excitement.

  Different from previous years, a large number of express delivery was sent from big cities to small and medium-sized cities and rural areas. During the Spring Festival this year, "two-way flow" became the biggest feature. Ms. Zhang’s home, a teacher in Beijing, is already full of all kinds of things sent by her mother from home: roast chicken, sausage, dumpling stuffing, nuts … … My mother was worried that her daughter would not be prepared for the first Chinese New Year, and even the hedges for cooking jiaozi were specially bought for her daughter and sent from Jilin to Beijing. Teacher Zhang also bought many Beijing specialties and some gift boxes in advance as new year’s goods and sent them to his parents in his hometown to express his holiday wishes and thoughts for his family. This year, many people like Mr. Zhang, who celebrate the New Year on the spot, have sent each other new year’s goods in the form of express delivery and online reunion with their families.

  The data shows that millions of merchants don’t fight for holiday takeout, online catering sales increased by 135% compared with the same period of last year’s Spring Festival, and the sales of New Year’s Eve series products increased by 54.9% compared with the same period of last year’s Spring Festival.

  During the Spring Festival this year, on the basis of doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control, the majority of catering enterprises have enriched the variety of dishes, innovated online and offline business models, and strived to provide safe, high-quality and diverse catering services for consumers, especially the local Chinese New Year people. The catering consumption is booming, and the sales of New Year’s Eve packages and semi-finished New Year’s Eve takeout are hot, and the offline catering performance is also very eye-catching.

  During the Spring Festival, the sales of catering merchants monitored by large payment institutions increased by about 1.3 times year-on-year, and the online catering consumption of some take-away platforms increased by more than 2 times. On New Year’s Eve, the take-away orders of some platforms increased by 70% year-on-year, and Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Chongqing ranked in the top five. Some time-honored catering enterprises have also accelerated their launch. The take-away sales of some restaurants in Beijing have more than doubled, accounting for over 50% of the revenue. Many restaurants in shopping centers and commercial complexes around the country are hard to find and business is booming. The turnover of key monitoring catering enterprises in Shanghai, Anhui, Qinghai and Shaanxi increased by 79.0%, 40.5%, 21.0% and 18.1% respectively.

  On-site Chinese New Year promotes a substantial increase in household goods consumption. Traditional products such as new year gift boxes, household appliances, snack foods, seasonal clothes and fitness equipment are selling hot. In addition, the Spring Festival coincides with Valentine’s Day, and the consumption of quality goods such as gold and silver jewelry, beauty products and flower gifts is particularly strong. From buying goods to buying services, during the Spring Festival, service consumption also showed explosive growth, driving the rapid recovery of catering, entertainment, hotels and other industries.

  Alibaba recently released the "Send Love Home" Spring Festival consumption report, pointing out that celebrating the New Year on the spot has spawned many new consumption phenomena. The reverse rush of new year’s goods in hometown and Taobao-style New Year’s greetings set each other off, and people send "homesickness" from afar; One-person food and semi-finished New Year’s Eve dinner expand the extension of New Year’s Eve dinner; The travel radius is smaller, but playing hotels, visiting scenic spots and "cloud tourism" have become hot choices for the Spring Festival; Stay in the city for the New Year to promote the "self-satisfied economy", and stay at home to exercise, watch movies and pet for the Spring Festival consumer market.

  The new trend is bright, and safe and intelligent consumption is growing rapidly.

  In Hebei, Fujian, Shandong, Guangxi, Gansu and other places, watching fireworks, visiting temple fairs, enjoying lanterns, visiting relatives and friends, and buying new year’s goods in the cloud feel full of flavor. In Yunnan, Guangdong, Hubei, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Tibet and other places, activities such as "a mobile phone to visit the business circle", "online cloud flower market" and "online new year’s goods" have received online coupons and offline discounts, which has benefited the local Chinese New Year people.

  Online shopping for new year’s goods, "cloud festivals", digital red envelopes and other consumption methods have become the new trend of this year’s Spring Festival. The epidemic situation can’t stop Chinese from celebrating the Spring Festival. The prevention and control of the epidemic situation has led to the rapid growth of safe and intelligent consumption, and the development of contactless transaction services has accelerated … … With the popularization and application of new technologies such as 5G and 4K, more and more people "cloud" the Spring Festival of the Year of the Ox, enjoying the new enjoyment and new experience brought by high technology anytime and anywhere.

  On February 17th, Alipay Digital Life Platform released the data report of the New Year, which showed that the local New Year gave birth to an explosion of interaction, entertainment and consumption on the cloud: online red envelopes increased by nearly 270%, and 260 million people wrote blessings online. The Ministry of Commerce, together with relevant departments, guided local and enterprises to launch the "National Online New Year Festival", and the online retail sales in the first six days of the holiday exceeded 120 billion yuan. Beijing, Shenzhen, Suzhou and other places distributed tens of millions of digital red envelopes, allowing local people to take the lead in enjoying the special "big gift package" brought by smart technology.

  During the Golden Week of the Spring Festival in 2021, non-contact and less gathering for safe consumption became a consensus, and the appointment system and peak-staggered leisure vacation were widely respected. The multi-level, diversified and upgraded consumer demand such as home shopping, online holidays, home service and suburban play was released, and the consumer market showed great vitality. With the help of online shopping, express delivery and other channels that don’t fight, the local Chinese New Year people and their hometown relatives send each other special products for the New Year.

  According to the statistics of the Postal Industry Security Center of the State Post Bureau, from February 11th (New Year’s Eve) to February 17th (the sixth day of the first month), the national postal express delivery industry collected and delivered 660 million express parcels, a year-on-year increase of 260%. Among the express parcels, the most are specialty foods sent from all over the country. The flowing new year’s goods have spawned new consumer demand and activated the huge domestic demand market.

  From the growth of quantity to the improvement of quality, this Spring Festival, the people’s consumption list is also richer, and quality consumption has become fashionable. During the Spring Festival, the sales of automobile products, high-end daily necessities and pet products have doubled; Orders for cleaning, maintenance and replacement services for digital home appliances, communication equipment and mobile phones and computers increased by about 30%.

  During the Spring Festival, the number of jewelry, clothing, communication equipment and home appliances monitored by the Ministry of Commerce increased by 160.8%, 107.1%, 39.0% and 29.9% respectively compared with the same period of last year, and the sales of fitness equipment on some e-commerce platforms increased by 49% year-on-year. The sales volume of flowers in Xiamen and other places increased by more than 30% compared with last year. The sales of retail merchants monitored by large payment institutions increased by 76.5% year-on-year. Sales of key monitoring enterprises in Henan, Tianjin, Guizhou, Ningxia and Sichuan increased by 68%, 64%, 43%, 23% and 20% respectively. Sales of communication equipment, high-end daily necessities and automobile products of key monitoring enterprises in Liaoning, Jilin, Zhejiang and other places have doubled. According to the monitoring of relevant institutions, the average daily passenger flow of shopping centers in 10 first-and second-tier cities nationwide increased by over 200% year-on-year, reaching the level of 86% in the same period of the Spring Festival in 2019.

  "One ticket is hard to find", and the new scene activates cultural consumption in the New Year.

  On New Year’s Day, the most popular cultural consumption is watching movies. People who don’t need to visit relatives this year have chosen to come to the cinema to watch the Spring Festival movies. Different from previous years, in the last two days of the Spring Festival holiday in previous years, the attendance rate of cinemas will drop significantly, and this year’s cinemas show the characteristics of "one ticket is hard to find".

  On the afternoon of Lunar New Year’s Eve, the reporter browsed the ticketing platforms of many cinemas and found that popular movies such as Hi, Mom Detective Chinatown 3 were still all "full" and only some midnight shows could be booked. Many consumers said that their wish to go to a movie during the Spring Festival was realized by grabbing tickets for several days.

  A number of domestic films were released, detonating the Spring Festival film market. According to the preliminary statistics of the State Film Bureau, as of February 16th, the total box office of China film market in 2021 has exceeded 10 billion yuan. Behind the continuous hot movie-watching fever is the rising box office income. According to the data of Lighthouse Professional Edition, as of 20: 56 on the 16th, the total box office of Spring Festival movies (including pre-sales) exceeded 7 billion yuan, continuing to set a new record.

  It is not only the movie market that is hot, but also the local Chinese New Year to activate cultural consumption. Online cultural activities such as cloud events, cloud tourism and cloud flower market have enriched the holiday and leisure needs of the people. During the Spring Festival, tourist attractions in some cities are crowded with people. According to the requirements of epidemic prevention and control, all scenic spots, parks and indoor exhibition halls need to make online real-name appointments and visit in different periods. Many tourists report that admission tickets are the same as movie tickets, and they also regularly grab tickets in front of their mobile phones every day.

  On-the-spot Chinese New Year local tours, Zhou Bianyou, short-distance go on road trip, parks, scenic spots, cinemas, ski resorts and other leisure and entertainment places have seen a significant increase in passenger flow, and resort hotels and homestays in the suburbs of the city have been booked hot. According to relevant data, during the Spring Festival, the consumption of accommodation in suburbs such as Yanqing, Miyun and Huairou in Beijing increased by more than 3 times compared with the same period of last year, while that in suburbs such as Chongming, Qingpu and Jiading in Shanghai increased by more than 2 times.

  Traditional cultural consumption is still attractive. During the Spring Festival, the fire tree and silver flower on Wangfujing Street in Beijing, located in the 2022 Winter Olympics licensed commodity sales office on the first floor of Gongmei Building, attracted many consumers with a dazzling array of metal products and badges. On the colorful streetscape car, the naive rabbit is wearing armor and imposing; Colorful windmills turn in the wind and make a "squeaky" sound; Traditional cultures such as Latin films and sugar blowers attract children to stop.

  This year’s Spring Festival, bookstores in famous business districts in big cities have also become popular punching places. Beijing Wangfujing Bookstore tried to set up a 24-hour non-closing area on the first floor for the first time during the Spring Festival. The Sanlian Bookstore in Longfu Temple Business Circle specially introduced some new books before the Spring Festival. During the Spring Festival holiday, the reading area near the window of the bookstore is often full, and people spend a peaceful Spring Festival holiday in the book.

  The fiery cultural consumption market in the Spring Festival shows that residents have a strong demand for high-quality cultural tourism products, which will certainly promote the upgrading of cultural consumption and make cultural feasts more embedded in the daily life of the people.

  Release potential, how to keep "bullish" after a "good start"

  The realization of a "good start" in consumption during the Spring Festival reflects that China has great potential for promoting consumption, broad space for expanding domestic demand, strong momentum of high-quality economic development, and smooth and efficient domestic circulation.

  How to keep the consumption of the Year of the Ox "bullish" after a "good start"?

  "Although the consumer market faces many difficulties and challenges this year, overall, the development of the consumer market has many positive factors and favorable conditions. In particular, with the continuous effectiveness of various policies and measures to expand domestic demand and promote consumption, the adaptability between supply and demand has been further enhanced. It is expected that this year’s consumer market will generally show a recovery growth trend. " Zhu Xiaoliang, director of the Consumer Promotion Department of the Ministry of Commerce, pointed out.

  In 2020, China’s final consumption expenditure will account for 54.3% of GDP, and consumption is still the "ballast stone" for stable economic operation. More importantly, in the process of steady recovery of the consumer market, many new features, new highlights and new trends have emerged. New consumption has developed rapidly, and new modes such as online shopping and live broadcast have developed rapidly. The online retail of physical goods has increased by 14.8%, and the live broadcast of e-commerce has exceeded 24 million, making it the largest online retail market in the world for eight consecutive years.

  While the Spring Festival in the Year of the Ox left a full and happy memory, it also gave a good start to the bullish market of China consumption.

  According to reports, this year, China will take various measures to promote consumption, further enhance the basic role of consumption in economic development, smooth the internal and external circulation, and constantly meet the people’s growing needs for a better life. Promote traditional consumption and cultivate new consumption. We will promote the transformation of consumer goods such as automobiles from purchase management to use management, deepen the reform of automobile circulation in streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services, and encourage automobiles to go to the countryside and trade-in automobiles, household appliances and furniture. Expand service consumption, accelerate the development of community life services, promote the recovery and development of catering industry, and promote the upgrading and expansion of domestic service. Support traditional commercial enterprises to accelerate digitalization, intelligent transformation and cross-border integration, and enhance the consumer experience. Encourage the development of new consumption patterns and new formats and promote online and offline integration. Improve the new consumption development environment, improve relevant norms and standards, and strengthen the construction of the credit system.

  China will expand urban consumption, accelerate the cultivation and construction of international consumption center cities, promote the transformation and upgrading of pedestrian streets with high quality, build high-end consumption carriers, and make urban life more quality; To expand the consumption of counties and towns as a starting point to drive rural consumption, strengthen the construction of business facilities and logistics sites in counties and towns, encourage qualified business enterprises to sink channels, fully release the potential of rural consumption and improve the rural consumption environment. Improve the circulation network of agricultural products, speed up the short-board of cold chain logistics, further improve the circulation efficiency of agricultural products and reduce the circulation cost.

  "In 2021, we will take advantage of the trend and work hard to solve the pain points and difficulties in the development of new consumption highlights and new trends, so that the consumer market can develop better." Zhu Xiaoliang stressed.

  (Reporter zhang yi Dong Wei)

  [Micro-survey]

  [What did you buy this Spring Festival]

  Spring Festival couplets, blessings, window grilles, sweets, drinks and meat are all "frequent customers" on the Chinese New Year shopping list. This year, in order to enable people who celebrate the Spring Festival on the spot to enjoy the same warm Spring Festival, some enterprises provide New Year’s Eve dinner and red envelope benefits, and some places issue coupons. What did you buy for the Spring Festival this year? Did you buy it online or offline? Let’s talk together.

  @ Happy Online:New year’s goods are out of season, and I bought some daily practical and high-quality good hearts.

  @ Green Orange 77:Online and offline, there are blessings, liqueur, cherries, strawberries, chocolates, melon seeds, duck necks, all kinds of meat and vegetables for New Year’s Eve, as well as puzzles, bookshelves and new kitchen utensils.

  @ Hele Hele:Dried fruits, fruits, vegetables, Swiss rolls, candy, movie tickets, smoked blind boxes, and ordered takeout several times.

  @ Fushun Kid 666:I bought a lot of things online years ago, and there are still twenty or thirty couriers on the way these days.

  (Dong Bei finishing)

Laughing stars gather! The preview and poster of the movie "Farewell to TianTuan in Northeast China" started.


1905 movie network news Recently, the comedy film "Farewell to the Northeast Mission" released a preview and poster of the comedian assembly version, and the film is about to meet fans. The film is directed by, starring Cui Zhijia and Song Xiaofeng, starring Zhang Qi, Laosi, Diao Biao and Li Kunying, starring Yu Yang in friendship, and making guest appearances by President,,,,,, Myna and Li. The film shows the joys and sorrows of the world through an unusual funeral, and tells the story that Fan Daming Bai, whose life is not smooth, unexpectedly took over the mysterious big order of Niu Tough. During this period, many interesting things happened and an old feud was involved, thus conveying his thoughts on "atonement and forgiveness".

 

Cui Zhijia Song Xiaofeng takes the lead in doing things. Comedians team up to play with stalks and laugh constantly. 

The film Farewell to Heaven in Northeast China tells that Fan Daming Bai (Cui Zhijia), who runs a funeral business in Northeast China, works in groups with people who have made mistakes but turned over a new leaf. Faced with the double dilemma of father’s death and daughter’s huge operation expenses, Fan Daming Bai accidentally received a funeral "big bill" from Niu Halen (Song Xiaofeng). In the process of planning the funeral, many oolong goals and interesting things were made, and the mysterious "customers" behind the big bill gradually emerged, which also evoked Fan Daming Bai’s old entanglements, but years of grievances were gradually resolved through this experience.

In the film, Niu’s tough big business broke Fan Daming’s life track. Starring Cui Zhijia and Song Xiaofeng, one comes to do things, and two people take the lead in doing things. Song Xiaofeng changed his impressive image as a security guard and turned to be Party A, while Cui Zhijia turned into Party B to fight with him. In the film, Fan Daming Bai led his brothers to make many strange moves to meet the tough needs of Party A’s cattle, and it was clear in the released notice: Sun Yue, a well-known comic actor, restored his real identity and recorded his ID online for this matter; The second-hand rose Liang Long, who is often ridiculed by netizens as "the most famous red and white wedding band in China", is pleasantly surprised; Zhang Zidong was invited to write the elegiac couplet and Cui Zhijia’s dream of "Love Laughing Meeting Room"; Zhao Haiyan changed the simple image in Country Love into a charming rich woman … … It can be said that the comedy is full of stars, and there are surprises everywhere.

 

Behind the atonement and redemption of the little people, there are joys and sorrows of the world.

As the saying goes, "Life and death are important events in life", and it is against this background that the film Farewell to Heaven in Northeast China focuses on the special little people living in the land of Northeast China, and shows the life core of forgiveness and redemption between people with the help of the generous and humorous comedy characteristics of Northeast people.

In the movie, Fan Daming Bai’s employees are all people who have made mistakes, but Fan Daming Bai is willing to give them opportunities, and they have not failed Fan Daming Bai’s trust. Through the narrative of the protagonist’s perspective, they convey the human warmth of understanding and tolerance. The mysterious "customers" hidden behind the film are people who have been entangled with Fan Daming Bai for many years. One of them spent the rest of his life to atone, and the other gradually let go and forgive. Through this funeral, each other resolved a feud for many years.

The film shows the thinking about "atonement and forgiveness" from a strange angle, and at the same time conveys the correct concept to the audience: people will make mistakes eventually, and we need to guide those who make mistakes to the right track with our tolerance and encouragement, and those who also make mistakes also need to cherish this opportunity and live actively.

 

In 2035, Beijing will become a world-class consumption hub city.

  Beijing Youth Daily reporter learned from the Municipal Bureau of Commerce yesterday that the Spatial Layout Plan of Commercial Service Facilities in Beijing (draft for comments) organized by the Municipal Bureau of Commerce and the Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Commission (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") was open to the public for comments and suggestions before June 20. The Plan puts forward the overall goal of building Beijing into a world-class consumption hub city in 2035. It is necessary to plan a four-level commercial center system throughout the city, implement the principle of controlling the total scale of commercial facilities in the core area, and in principle, no new commercial buildings will be added.

  No more commercial buildings will be built in the core area.

  The draft for comment published this time has a planned space area of 16,000 square kilometers, that is, the whole area of Beijing. The planning period is from 2018 to 2035. The planning draws a blueprint for the commercial space layout of Beijing in the next 16 years from five aspects: the division of retail industry, wholesale industry, catering industry and residents’ life service industry, the current situation of Beijing’s commercial operation, focusing on the layout of four-level commercial center system, the commercial planning of core area, central city area and urban sub-center, and the implementation guarantee of planning.

  The plan describes the development goal with special emphasis: that is, the city will make great progress in building a world-class consumption hub city in 2020; In 2035, it will become a world-class consumption hub city.

  In order to achieve this goal, Beijing will build a four-level commercial center system with wide area, regional level, regional level and community level within 16 years. At the same time, the core area should implement the principle of controlling the total scale of commercial facilities, and in principle, no new commercial building scale will be added.

  The plan also sorts out the current commercial situation in Beijing. As of 2018, the commercial building area in Beijing is about 70 million square meters, and the per capita commercial business area is about 2 square meters. There are 186 supermarkets, 115 shopping centers, 111 department stores, 94 specialty store and 9 specialty stores.

  In view of the current commercial development situation in Beijing, the plan points out that the scale of commercial buildings in the city is relatively sufficient, but the overall structure and layout need to be adjusted, and there are fewer commercial centers with high concentration, and the matching degree with rail transit and office space needs to be improved. Part of the commercial infrastructure is backward, the level of brand aggregation is low, the experience of the block is not strong, and the comfort is not high. There is a land gap in the planning of agricultural products wholesale markets and other urban operation guarantee facilities around the city; The density of community convenience commercial facilities is low, the degree of chain is low, and the service quality needs to be improved.

  Construction of four-level commercial center in the city

  Wangfujing builds "main street" and "auxiliary street"

  The plan clearly proposes to adjust and optimize the business center system, and build a four-level business center system at the wide-area, regional, regional and community levels in the city.

  First of all, the city has set Wangfujing and Qianmen Dashilan as the focus of cultivating wide-area commercial centers in the near future.

  The Planning defines Wangfujing as a "high-quality core business district". It is clear that the scope of Wangfujing business district is: 1.8 kilometers from north to south, 0.95 kilometers from east to west, and covers an area of 1.65 square kilometers. East from Dongdan North Street and Dongsi South Street, west to Nanheyan Street and Beiheyan Street, south from East Chang ‘an Street and north to May 4th Street and Dongsi West Street.

  The business focus of Wangfujing is: through the high concentration of commercial facilities, to meet the personalized and high-end consumption needs of domestic and foreign consumer groups, to create a high-quality core business district, to develop from the existing pedestrian street to the north and south, and to create a wonderful and magnificent pedestrian street; At the same time, the main street of pedestrian street expands from east to west to hutongs and courtyards, creating a "auxiliary street" with rich levels and exquisite details. Wangfujing business circle controls the development of commodity trading market, large-scale home shopping malls and large-scale comprehensive supermarkets.

  The Planning defines the Dashilan area in Qianmen as a commercial brand gathering area reflecting the style of the ancient capital. Its scope is: east from Qianmen East Road, west to Meishi Street, south from Liangguang Road and north to Qianmen Xiheyan Street, covering an area of about 0.49 square kilometers.

  The business focus of Qianmen Dashilan is: Qianmen Street, Dashilan Street, Xianyukou Street, Door Frame Hutong and other streets and lanes. The formats to encourage development are traditional time-honored businesses, intangible cultural heritage exhibition areas and museums reflecting the history of Beijing’s ancient capital. The formats for controlling development are commodity trading markets, large-scale comprehensive supermarkets and large-scale home shopping malls.

  Secondly, in terms of regional commercial centers, the Plan points out that five regional commercial centers, namely CBD, Shijingshan, Huilongguan, Daxing Xihongmen and the city sub-center, will be cultivated in the near future. For example, the CBD area will be turned into a well-known commercial brand gathering area in eastern Beijing; Make the new Shougang area a new landmark for the revival of the capital city in the new era; Huilongguan (Tiantongyuan) area will arrange all kinds of high-quality commercial comprehensive facilities according to local conditions; Xihongmen area will develop into a comprehensive commercial center facing the south of the city; The sub-center area of the city will be built into a comprehensive commercial center with modern flavor and international characteristics.

  Third, in terms of district-level commercial centers, the city will optimize the stock space of Xidan, Financial Street, Jianguomen, Wukesong and other district-level commercial centers. At the same time, the plan describes the commercial center at this level as a radiation radius of 5 kilometers, and the appropriate scale is 150,000 to 300,000 square meters.

  The fourth-level business center is the community business center. Among them, large-scale community business centers serve 30,000-50,000 people; The small community business center serves 10,000-30,000 people, and it is suggested to set it as a community complex.

  Four types of commercial characteristic blocks

  Each has a clear development path

  According to the "Planning", four types of characteristic commercial streets have been formed in this city. The first type is the ancient capital style, including Dashilan area in Qianmen, Nanluoguxiang, Yandai Xiejie, Huguosi Street and Liulichang Street. For this kind of commercial block, the Planning clearly points out that the development path is to scientifically guide the commercial development of the block and surrounding areas through the establishment of chambers of commerce and other institutions to prevent over-commercialization.

  The second type of characteristic commercial street is modern and fashionable, including World Trade Center day order, Blue Harbor and Huaxi Wukesong. For this kind of commercial blocks, the Planning clearly points out that the development path is to further strengthen its ability to serve local consumers.

  The third type of characteristic commercial district is cultural leisure. Including the Temple of Heaven Antique City, Panjiayuan flea market and so on. For this kind of commercial block, the Planning clearly points out that the development path is to explore the business model of combining commercial and tourism resources, and improve the characteristic level through unified design style.

  The fourth type of commercial blocks are professional commodities, including Guijie, maliandao Tea Street, Hongqiao Market, cool car Town, etc. For this type of commercial blocks, the Planning clearly points out that the development path is to gradually adjust merchants to upgrade their formats and combine commodity culture with commodity retail.

  Xinfadi retains the status of "wholesale main trading channel"

  In guiding the rational distribution of commodity trading market and urban operation guarantee facilities, we will retain the position of the main trading channel of Xinfadi. At the same time, it is planned to reserve four primary wholesale markets in the southwest, southeast, northwest and northeast of the city. For example, in the southwest, keep the position of the main trading channel of the new land; In the southeast direction, expand the total scale of the circulation center by using the land of Shounong Group, etc., about 600 mu; In the northeast, plan a first-class wholesale market in Shunyi, with a land area of 800 mu; In the northwest, a comprehensive wholesale market for agricultural products is planned in the south exit of Changping.

  [Key Interpretation]

  Wangfujing main street should have the capital spirit and auxiliary street should be more refined.

  Original of Planning: Wangfujing area is highly concentrated by commercial facilities, mainly to meet the individualized and high-end consumption needs of domestic and foreign consumer groups, and extends from the existing pedestrian street to the north and south, creating a wonderful pedestrian street with a magnificent sequence. Expand from the main street to the east and west to the hutongs and courtyards, and create a pedestrian street with rich levels and exquisite details.

  Interpretation: Lai Yang, vice president of Beijing Business Economics Association, believes that modern commercial streets should form a block structure in order to have vigorous vitality. For example, what you see on the main street is the boldness of the capital and the feeling of commercial facilities, while the development of auxiliary streets should be more refined.

  For example, the area from waldorf in Jinyu Hutong to Jinbao Street is covered by business travelers. There are luxury counters in Peninsula Hotel and world famous car exhibition halls along Jinbao Street. In addition, the Hamres Toy City behind the department store extends to the China Children’s Art Theatre at the west exit of Wangfujing, which can be developed into a parent-child block.

  Only by combining tradition and modernity can there be "super-wide-area radiation"

  Original text of "Planning": Qianmen area, through the existing profound cultural advantages and commercial cultural characteristics, drives the block to form the coordinated development of time-honored brand culture, food culture, business travel culture and performing arts culture, and has the ability of ultra-wide radiation.

  Interpretation: Lai Yang believes that in the past, consumers simply pursued fashion. Now, with the improvement of life quality, more consumers are willing to experience cultural blocks, and there are also characteristic blocks in the country, such as Kuanzhai Lane in Chengdu, which is very sought after.

  In contrast, Qianmen also has a development foundation, but the problem in this area is that there is a gap between the management system model of time-honored brands and the mainstream consumption development trend of modern people. For example, in the past, it was said to go to a tea shop to buy tea, but now Wuyutai tea ice cream has become a street scene, so the development of old brands in Qianmen area should be integrated with consumers’ modern fashion consumption concepts, so as to achieve a characteristic theme block that not only carries the cultural atmosphere, but also glows with commercial vitality and sustainable development potential.

  For example, in the overall planning, we should give full play to the advantages of night operation, including bookstores that are open 24 hours a day and Midnight Food Store. The business hours and planning should be more integrated, and new lifestyles such as experiential, cultural performances and performing arts should be added to show more the more open and dynamic side of Qianmen night scene, and also make tourists feel more experienced when they travel at night in Beijing.

  From the aspect of business operation, Beijing Square has become a hot trend on the west side of Qianmen, which is related to the introduction of catering brands, overall decoration and cultural atmosphere. Moreover, the products sold in Qianmen block should be constantly innovated to better match the lifestyle of modern people, so that Beijingers are more willing to come and form a wide range of characteristics, not just tourists who come here specially.

  This edition/reporter Li Jia’s photo production/Yang Gan

  "number theory"

  Read the business in Beijing

  The commercial building area in Beijing is about 70 million square meters, the business area is about 42 million square meters, and the per capita business area is about 2 square meters.

  At present, there are 515 large-scale commercial facilities, 186 supermarkets, 115 shopping centers, 111 department stores, 94 specialty store and 9 specialty stores in this city.

  By the end of 2018, there were 46,261 convenience service outlets in this city.

  Among the large-scale commercial facilities in this city, from the distribution of ring roads, there are 165 in the fifth to sixth ring roads, accounting for 32.0% of the total, and the least in the second ring road, with 39 in total, accounting for 7.5% of the total.

  In terms of regional distribution, 277 large-scale commercial facilities are located in the central city, accounting for 53.8% of the total. Chaoyang District and Haidian District have the largest number of large-scale commercial facilities, accounting for 16.9% and 12.4% of the total.

  There are 314 large-scale commercial facilities in the city within 1000m radiation range of rail transit stations, accounting for 61.0% of the city.

  There are seven comprehensive primary wholesale markets of agricultural products in the city, including Fengtai Xinfadi, Central Agricultural Approval, Yuegezhuang, Chaoyang Dayang Road, Heizhuanghu, Changping Shuitun and Shunyi Shimen. There are three major grain and oil wholesale markets: Shenghua Honglin, Shunxin Shimen and Central Agricultural Products Market.

  At present, there are 12 trading facilities in the second-hand car market in the city, which are mainly distributed outside the Fourth Ring Road in Fengtai and Chaoyang.

  At present, there are 7 scrapped automobile dismantling plants in the city, mainly distributed in Daxing, Shunyi, Changping and other districts.

In 2020, e-tickets will be launched in Spring Festival travel rush to reduce the trouble after paper tickets are lost.

  Cctv newsSince the beginning of this year, China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. has gradually piloted and promoted e-tickets throughout the country. During Spring Festival travel rush in 2020, e-tickets will basically cover the national high-speed rail lines. After the implementation of e-ticket, passengers can get into the station directly through their ID cards or boarding codes without exchanging paper tickets, which reduces the trouble of reporting the loss and replacing the tickets after the paper tickets are lost.

  As the future development trend of ticketing field, e-ticket is an important way to improve the level of railway intelligence. The implementation of e-ticket has opened up the service channels between the Internet and the station window, which is conducive to the implementation of non-interference services such as passenger self-service real-name verification and self-service ticket testing.

  Because the e-ticket is bound with the passenger’s identity information, mobile phone number and other information, it becomes simple and fast to check the ticket. When the train staff checks the ticket, the passenger can complete the ticket check by showing the original valid identity document used when purchasing the ticket.

  Chen Yue, Deputy Director of North Passenger Transport Workshop of Chongqing Railway StationAs there are no paper tickets, the problems of losing tickets, reporting the loss of replacement tickets and selling fake tickets will be completely solved. At the same time, the implementation of e-ticket has many advantages, such as improving the efficiency of ticketing organization and boarding and descending organization, and reducing the failure rate of equipment.

  Extended reading:

  E-ticket in Spring Festival travel rush: How do passengers buy and use it?

  Railway e-ticket is a railway passenger transport contract embodied in the form of electronic data, which has the same legal effect as ordinary tickets. How do passengers buy and use e-tickets?

  If passengers want to buy e-tickets, they can buy them through the 12306 website (including mobile APP), or they can use resident ID cards to automatically read documents and buy e-tickets at stations where e-tickets are implemented.

  When passengers enter and leave the station, they can complete the real-name registration system verification and ticket checking procedures through the self-service gate with the original valid identity documents of the passengers used when purchasing tickets, such as ID cards; After purchasing an e-ticket, when passengers enter or leave the station, they only need to open the Railway 12306 mobile APP, click on the order to enter the ticket page, and click on "QR code ticket checking" to pop up a boarding code, which can directly check in through the automatic ticket checking machine installed with the dynamic QR code reading device at the station. If the mobile phone is temporarily out of power, you can also enter and leave the station by swiping your ID card.

  It should be noted that e-tickets can only be used at stations where e-tickets are implemented at the departure station and the arrival station. In six situations, such as using a resident ID card to buy tickets, but the bus stop or the bus stop does not have the conditions for checking tickets with a resident ID card, or the original resident ID card cannot be produced, the resident ID card cannot be recognized, and other valid identity documents other than the resident ID card are used to buy tickets, paper tickets still need to be exchanged after purchasing tickets and before driving.

  If you want to reimburse vouchers, you can print paper tickets by yourself.

  Many passengers who travel by train at their own expense do not need reimbursement vouchers, but there are also many passengers who travel on business every day and need paper reimbursement vouchers. What should I do?

  The reporter saw at Hohhot Railway Station that the function of "printing reimbursement vouchers" has been added to the self-service ticket vending machines.

  Wang Hongli, ticket attendant of Hohhot Railway StationPassengers who need to reimburse their tickets can print their e-ticket reimbursement vouchers on the manual ticket window or self-service ticket vending machine of the railway station with the original valid identity documents used when purchasing tickets within 30 days before driving or riding.

  Zou Xianjing, Assistant Engineer of Nanchang Station Passenger Transport Workshop: Passengers who need reimbursement receive self-service reimbursement vouchers, and they need to consult 12306 for more than 30 days. I would like to remind you that the reimbursement voucher belongs to securities and can only be processed once. Please keep it properly after receiving the reimbursement voucher.

  Most stations have set up self-service ticket collection machines at the exit, and passengers who need to reimburse tickets can also take reimbursement vouchers when they leave the station.

  How to return and change an e-ticket after purchasing it?

  Railway department regulations: On the premise of transportation capacity, other trains within the pre-sale period can be changed more than 48 hours (excluding) before departure; Within 48 hours before the start of the train, other trains before the start of the train can be changed, and other trains between 24:00 on the day of the ticket date after the start of the train can also be changed, without changing the ticket on the next day or after the ticket date; After driving, passengers can still change their tickets to other trains on the same day, but they can only change their tickets at the ticket issuing station, and the tickets changed after driving cannot be refunded. Tickets that have been "changed to the station" will not be changed. If you change to another train more than 15 days before the start of the train within 48 hours to 15 days, and refund the ticket 15 days before the start of the train, you will still be charged a refund fee of 5%. If the date of arrival of the ticket is changed or changed in Spring Festival travel rush, the refund fee will be collected according to the standard of less than 24 hours before the driving time. E-tickets purchased by passengers through the railway ticketing channel by electronic payment can be changed and refunded through the 12306 website (including mobile APP) or the designated window of the station.